College health

College Health is a field of medicine that exclusively deals with the medical care of college age students (from age 18 through 28 years). Many colleges and universities campuses offer some sort of student health service, but there is wide variability in the healthcare resources available from campus to campus, with models of student health ranging from first aid stations employing a single nurse to large multi-specialty clinics with hundreds of employees. The vast majority of college health services are set up as service units rather than academic departments. The educational aspect of college health is sometimes referred to Health Promotion in Higher Education. College Health is a field of medicine that exclusively deals with the medical care of college age students (from age 18 through 28 years). Many colleges and universities campuses offer some sort of student health service, but there is wide variability in the healthcare resources available from campus to campus, with models of student health ranging from first aid stations employing a single nurse to large multi-specialty clinics with hundreds of employees. The vast majority of college health services are set up as service units rather than academic departments. The educational aspect of college health is sometimes referred to Health Promotion in Higher Education. In 1988, it was estimated that there were approximately 27.3 college health staff per 10,000 students, which if amortized to the 20.7 million students attending the more than 3,400 colleges and universities in the United States (in 2003) ), suggests that there are approximately 56,500 college health professionals in the United States. College health professionals include physicians, physician assistants, administrators, nurses, nurse practitioners, mental health professionals, health educators, athletic trainers, dietitians and nutritionists, and pharmacists. Some college health services extend to include massage therapists and other holistic health professionals.College health professionals are often members of a national body, such as the American College Health Association. Another national body among college health is the National Collegiate EMS Foundation (NCEMSF), which is dedicated to the promotion and support of emergency medical services on college and university campuses. Marijuana use is more prevalent among college students than the general population. A 2015 study, for example, found the daily use of marijuana was more common than cigarettes among college students. In 2016 39 % of college students reported using marijuana in the last year. Heavy marijuana use is linked to poor academic success and the non completion of college. Usage levels are on the rise due to the perception of risk and harm decreasing among the general population. Monitoring the Future is a research study at the University of Michigan that monitors substance abuse among college students. This research study has provided the conclusion that substance abuse is increasing among college students especially students in social organizations such as clubs and fraternities. Adderall is a stimulant drug used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder but are becoming more and more recreational to college students. Over 2.5 million Americans are prescribed Adderall , and roughly 50% of college students that were prescribed this drug have been asked by their peers if they can buy some. This stimulant drug are being utilized by college students in order to increase studying focus. It is perceived by college students that the usage of these drugs is not a risk because the fact that it is prescribed to people but that is not the case. Adderall is linked to aggression, restlessness, increased blood pressure and heart rate, paranoia, psychosis, seizures, heart attack, and stroke. Students within Fraternities and Sororities are the most susceptible to the usage of stimulant drugs such as these. College students have been disillusioned with the idea that using Adderall will increase cognitive function and improve studying and school performance . Adderall is known to only improve the cognitive processing in those who have conditions such as ADHD, for individuals with no cognitive condition, the drug should have no effect and taking this drug might even result in negative effects . Alcohol or ethanol is a depressant used by people. It is found in beer, wine, andliquor. Alcohol is made when microorganisms metabolize the carbohydrates when there isno oxygen present. This process is called fermentation. Beer, wine, and liquor containdifferent amounts of alcohol and thus affect the drinker differently. Liquor has the highest percentage of alcohol, while beer has the lowest. According to The National Council on Alcoholism and Drug dependence, studies have also shown that drinking alcohol moderately can be helpful to the coronary system. In general, for healthy people, one drink per day for women and nomore than two drinks per day for men would be considered the maximum amount of alcohol consumption to be considered moderate use. This shows that drinking can be beneficial in moderation. Binge drinking and alcoholism, however, have proven to be harmful. Roughly 60 % of college students ages 18-22 drank alcohol within the last month, with 2 out of 3 of them engaging in binge drinking activities at that time. One in four college students report academics effects from drinking including lower grades, missed classes, and performing poorly on exams. Death, Assault, and Sexual assault also occur more often when alcohol is involved. Campuses have put drinking awareness programs in place in order to combat student drinking. These programs include but are not limited to education and awareness programs, cognitive behavioral skill based approaches, motivation and feedback related approaches, and behavioral interventions by health professionals. Eating disorders are relatively common among college students and can be caused due to changes in lifestyle and stress levels. Examples of common stressors with college students are relationships, classwork, and lack of sleep, which can cause students to exhibit eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, binge eating, or bulimia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that is characterized by low appetite and a strong desire to lose weight, be thin, and fears of gaining weight. People suffering from anorexia nervosa frequently have an abnormally low body weight, which can cause muscle dysfunction and weak osmoregulation. It can also accompany emotional symptoms such as depression.