Anisocoria is a condition characterized by an unequal size of the eyes' pupils. Affecting 20% of the population, it can be an entirely harmless condition or a symptom of more serious medical problems. Anisocoria is a condition characterized by an unequal size of the eyes' pupils. Affecting 20% of the population, it can be an entirely harmless condition or a symptom of more serious medical problems. Anisocoria is a common condition, defined by a difference of 0.4 mm or more between the sizes of the pupils of the eyes. Anisocoria has various causes: