Chaetothyriales

Chaetothyriales is an order of ascomycetous fungi within the class Eurotiomycetes and within the subphylum Pezizomycotina. A disease entity that is largely confined to Chaetothyriales is primary cerebral infection in immunocompromisedor immunocompetent individuals, i.e., cerebritis in whichthe first symptoms of disease are of a neurologic nature.Hyphal elements that show melanization either directly orafter Fontana-Masson staining are observed in abscesses inthe brain parenchyma. The portal of entry may be the lung,but frequently symptoms are confined to the brain. Fivespecies account for most nontraumatic brain infections. Cladophialophorabantiana has caused about one-third of thecases in otherwise healthy individuals.