the Big Area Additive Manufacturing (BAAM) for polymer matrix composites was presented as the background motivation for the workshop. Following, the extension of underlying technology to low-cost metals was proposed with the following goals: (i) High deposition rates (approaching 100 lbs/h); (ii) Low cost (<$10/lbs) for steel, iron, aluminum, nickel, as well as, higher cost titanium, (iii) large components (major axis greater than 6 ft) and (iv) compliance of property requirements. The above concept was discussed in depth by representatives from different industrial sectors including welding, metal fabrication machinery, energy, construction, aerospace and heavy manufacturing. In addition, DOE’s newly launched High Performance Computing for Manufacturing (HPC4MFG) program was reviewed. This program will apply thermo-mechanical models to elucidate deeper understanding of the interactions between design, process, and materials during additive manufacturing. Following these presentations, all the attendees took part in a brainstorming session where everyone identified the top 10 challenges in large-scale metal AM from their own perspective. The feedback was analyzed and grouped in different categories including, (i) CAD to PART software, (ii) selection of energy source, (iii) systems development, (iv) material feedstock, (v) process planning, (vi) residual stress & distortion, (vii) post-processing, (viii) qualification of parts, (ix) supply chain and (x) business case. Furthermore, an open innovation network methodology was proposed to accelerate the development and deployment of new large-scale metal additive manufacturing technology with the goal of creating a new generation of high deposition rate equipment, affordable feed stocks, and large metallic components to enhance America’s economic competitiveness.
the interface are observed, as well as variability in mechanical behaviour and microstructure based on location within the print. Optical and electron microscopy are used to evaluate three microstructural zones in a 5 mm range of the interface between mild steel and stainless steel. Areas far from the interface produced polygonal ferrite and pearlite, while areas close to the interface produced acicular ferrite and bainite. Chromium redistribution profiles are dependent on the print strategy used, as shown by scanning electron microscopy with Energy dispersive spectroscopy. Evidence produced via electron backscatter diffraction is shown to support the argument that transformation induced plasticity is not the cause for the non-homogeneous deformation.
Abstract In this paper, 316L stainless steel walls were printed using single-bead pass and multiple-bead pass wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), which represent the internal basket wall and external wall of a spent nuclear fuel (SNF) canister, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) microstructure characterization and tensile tests at room temperature (21 °C) and elevated temperature (250 °C, the maximum temperature at the center of a SNF canister.) were performed on specimens extracted along the length and height directions of the printed walls. Results showed that grain morphology, grain angles, and retained ferrite are different between the two printed walls, which received different heat input in WAAM. The single-bead pass printed wall exhibited higher yield strength than the multiple-bead pass printed wall because of more retained ferrite and larger portion of random-high angle boundaries (RHAB) grains.
Conference Article| February 01 1974 Protein-Bound Hydroxyproline and Root Extension Growth DEREK VAUGHAN; DEREK VAUGHAN 1The Macaulay Institute for Soil Research, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB9 2QJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar EVELYN CUSENS EVELYN CUSENS 1The Macaulay Institute for Soil Research, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB9 2QJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1974) 2 (1): 124–126. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0020124 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation DEREK VAUGHAN, EVELYN CUSENS; Protein-Bound Hydroxyproline and Root Extension Growth. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1974; 2 (1): 124–126. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0020124 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
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