primary medical care attaining a high degree of efficiency without all the recom- mendations of the report.In my view the report, if implemented, would result in the destruction of the best in primary medical care without putting anything worth while for either doctor or patient in its place.-I am, etc.,
In earlier times, clinical researchers published the results of their studies as seemed most appropriate to them. In an increasingly computerized and communicative environment this is no longer satisfactory, since now there are a number of other groups whose interests need to be taken into account. These include patients, medical journals, the Stock Exchange, the media and the law. This supplement arises out of a meeting established to describe the methods used to communicate clinical research results, the timing and the needs of other groups in an attempt to improve understanding and to identify preferred practice. Avoidance by clinical investigators of conflict of interest and accusations of improper practice clearly merit discussion.
SUMMARY Intranasal vaccination with a single 0·5 ml dose of 10 7.0 EID 50 WRL 105 strain live influenza vaccine elicited four-fold or greater increases in circulating homotypic haemagglutinating inhibiting (HAT) antibody in 60 (64·5 %) of 93 volunteers, or in 58 (74·4%) of 78 volunteers with HAI antibody titres before vaccination of ≤ 1/20. In comparison, in a group of volunteers vaccinated 9 months previously re-vaccination elicited antibody responses in only 4 (6·9 %) of 58 volunteers, or in 3 (14·3%) of 21 volunteers with antibody titres before vaccination of ≤ 1/20. Titres of vaccine-induced antibody and antibody resulting from earlier natural infection appeared to fall slowly and at equivalent rates over a 9 month period.
Freestone, D. S. (Dept. Clinical Immunology, The Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham, Kent, BR3 3BS, England), D. F. Rowlands and J. Prydie. History of infection and immunity to rubella. Am J Epidemiol. 96: 70–73, 1972.—In 13-year-old schoolgirls, good correlations were found between a recent history of rubella and the presence of hemag-glutinating inhibiting (HI) antibody, but the correlations declined progressively as the history of rubella became more remote. These findings suggest a progressive fall in antibody titer, or diminished historical accuracy with passage of time. However, the lower geometric mean HI antibody titers in those groups of girls with less recent histories of infection support the first probability. Furthermore, in seronegative schoolgirls with a history of rubella more than four years earlier, the seroconversion rate to subcutaneously administered live attenuated rubella vaccine was lower than that seen in seronegative girls with no past history of rubella.
United Kingdom and United States programmes of active immunization for the prevention of rubella during pregnancy are compared and their respective advantages and disadvantages discussed. The need for revaccination is more likely to arise with the United States programme in which young children are vaccinated and where, in future, immunity in adults will become increasingly vaccine-induced.
'%3e%3cpath fill='%23012169' d='M0 0v30h60V0z'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' stroke-width='6' d='m0 0 60 30m0-30L0 30'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23C8102E' stroke-width='4' d='m0 0 60 30m0-30L0 30' clip-path='url(%23b)'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' stroke-width='10' d='M30 0v30M0 15h60'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23C8102E' stroke-width='6' d='M30 0v30M0 15h60'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)
'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(23.036 .093 25.536)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(45.87 1.273 16.18)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(69.945 .996 12.078)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(20.66 -19.689 31.932)'/%3e%3c/svg%3e)