The aim of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth filled with a resin-based obturation material using two different chelating agents.Forty extracted single-canal human teeth were prepared, instrumented, and randomly divided into three groups: Group 1 (n=15) received a final flush with 10 ml of neutralized 17% EDTA, followed by 10 ml of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), then obturated using lateral condensation with RealSeal. Group 2 (n=15) received a final flush of BioPure MTAD, followed by 10 ml of NaOCl, then obturated using lateral condensation with RealSeal. Group 3, the control group (n=10), was instrumented but not obturated, then the root canal opening was sealed with a temporary filling material. The specimens were stored in 100% humidity for 10 days, mounted in polyester resin, and loaded to failure.The ANOVA revealed a significant difference between the control group and the experimental groups, although there was no statistically significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2 (p=0.05). The MTAD group displayed higher mean fracture load values than the EDTA group.It can be concluded that filling the root canals with RealSeal increased the in vitro resistance to fracture of single-canal extracted human teeth when compared to instrumented and unobturated teeth. Teeth treated with MTAD demonstrated high fracture-resistance values when compared to teeth treated with 17% EDTA, but they were not statistically significant.Filling the root canals with RealSeal with increased bonding to roots will increase resistance to fracture of these teeth.
Mentha is one of the genera of Lamiaceae family. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimutagenic and anticancer activity of the water and methanolic extract of Alhasawy mint (Mentha longifolia), that grown in Madina Province, western region, Saudi Arabia using three different bioassays namely; Brine shrimp bioassay, Ames mutagenicity bioassay using 3 Hist-Salmonella typhimurium strains of different mutations (TA98, TA97 and TA100) and 2 reference mutagenic drugs nitrosopiperidine (NP) and 2-amino-3-methylimidazo-quinolidine (IQ) and Mammalian cell lines bioassays using 2 different cell lines HepG2 and Vero cell lines. The plant extract showed an efficient antimutagenic activity against the studied bioassays in a directly proportional effect with concentration.
The aims of this study were to measure the dimensions of connectors and retainer copings of metal-ceramic fixed partial denture (FPD) frameworks and to explore, by means of a questionnaire, the factors viewed by technicians as important in their planning and provision of such dimensions.Using two calliper devices, measurements were made of 66 consecutive FPDs under production in a dental school-based laboratory. The dimensions of 176 connectors and 124 retainers were analyzed with reference to FPD length and to number of pontics in a span. Questionnaires were completed by all 14 technicians working in the fixed prosthodontics section of the laboratory.The largest mean vertical connector dimensions were in the anterior regions of both arches, while the largest mean horizontal dimensions were in the posterior regions. Dimensions were unrelated to FPD size and length of interabutment span. The minimum thickness of the retainer coping walls was generally below optimal recommendations. Available space was the factor most commonly cited by technicians as dictating the dimensions that they applied.Dimensions were generally smaller than current recommendations, which the questionnaire responses indicate are largely due to space constraints.
Labiatae family is represented in Saudi Arabia. The aim of the present study was to go insight to investigate the anticancer activity and antioxidative potentials of methanolic extracts of Mentha longifolia L. (ML) and Ocimum basilicum L. (OB) that grown in Madina province, western region, Saudi Arabia. OB exhibited the greater phenolic contents as mg gallic acid equivalent/g weight (mg GAE/g) for a value of 105 +/- 5.5 mg GAE/g. On the other hand, ML produced 29 +/- 3.12 mg GAE/g. The standard antioxidant vitamin E used in this experiment elicited a value of total phenolic contents equal 22 +/- 2.2 mg GAE/g. The percentage scavenging activity of against diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was 850 and 160% for OB and ML extracts, respectively. Vitamin E elicited% scavenging activity of against DPPH equal to 198%. Brine shrimp cytotoxic assay clearly indicated the cytotoxic effects of either ML or OB extract. The brine shrimp survival is inversely proportional to the concentration of either ML or OB extract used with LD50 191.23 and 235.50 ppm, respectively. Toxic effects on brine shrimps indicated the anticancer potential of ML or OB extract. The ML or OB extract was unable to produce pbluescript (pBS) plasmid DNA damage, while the plasmid DNA treated with EcoRI produced a single band as a result of DNA damage. Also, both ML and OB extract exhibited marked cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells at various concentrations (20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 microg mL(-1)). The 160 and 320 microg mL(-1) showed more cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 cells. Based on results achieved, we can concluded that, OB and ML extracts have the potency to act as powerful antioxidants and protect against DNA damage and have cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cell line.
Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth filled with a resin-based obturation material using two different chelating agents. Methods and Materials Forty extracted singlecanal human teeth were prepared, instrumented, and randomly divided into three groups: Group 1 (n=15) received a final flush with 10 ml of neutralized 17% EDTA, followed by 10 ml of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), then obturated using lateral condensation with RealSeal. Group 2 (n=15) received a final flush of BioPure™ MTAD™, followed by 10 ml of NaOCl, then obturated using lateral condensation with RealSeal. Group 3, the control group (n=10), was instrumented but not obturated, then the root canal opening was sealed with a temporary filling material. The specimens were stored in 100% humidity for 10 days, mounted in polyester resin, and loaded to failure. Results The ANOVA revealed a significant difference between the control group and the experimental groups, although there was no statistically significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2 (p=0.05). The MTAD group displayed higher mean fracture load values than the EDTA group. Conclusions It can be concluded that filling the root canals with RealSeal™ increased the in vitro resistance to fracture of single-canal extracted human teeth when compared to instrumented and unobturated teeth. Teeth treated with MTAD demonstrated high fracture-resistance values when compared to teeth treated with 17% EDTA, but they were not statistically significant. Citation Al-Kahtani AM, Al-Fawaz H, Al-Sarhan
Abstract Aim To test the applicability of Praxis Concept (PC) theory in endodontic re‐treatment decision‐making amongst dental students of similar backgrounds, but from two dental schools. Methodology A total of 172 students from two dental schools ( n = 97 and n = 75) were asked to select their management choices (from five possible options) for each of six variations on quality (by way of adequacy of root filling) and complexity (by way of absence or presence of a post) of a simulated radiograph of an anterior tooth. The six variations each had five possible levels of periapical condition, giving a total of 30 cases for which management choices were sought. Individual re‐treatment preference scores (RPS) were obtained, from which school and gender differences were compared by t ‐test. The association between students’ stated re‐treatment propensities and the different cases was expressed as odds ratios using unconditional logistic regression analysis. Results There were large inter‐individual variations in RPS within the cases at both schools. Mean RPS for the group was 0.62 (SD 0.14), and did not differ between the schools ( P = 0.44), but was significantly lower for males than females ( P = 0.01). For all participants and a given case, if re‐treatment was proposed for a particular size of lesion, then all larger lesions for that case were also marked for re‐treatment. Presence of a defective root filling or overfilling reflected a greater propensity for re‐treatment than when the root filling was adequate, whilst the absence/presence of a post had no clear effect on re‐treatment choices. Conclusions The findings support the explanatory potential of PC theory in endodontic re‐treatment decision‐making in the group investigated, and suggest that factors besides disease status alone, may contribute to the choices that clinicians make.
Cette etude comparative porte principalement sur la mise en evidence d'une regulation de l'etat antiviral, induit par l'interferon (IFN). L'etat antiviral est apprecie par l'inhibition du rendement viral, et par l'etude biochimique des enzymes responsables de l'etat antiviral (proteine kinase et 2-5A synthetase). Les resultats obtenus montrent que l'etat antiviral necessite pour etre maintenu la presence constante de l'IFN, le retrait de l'IFN entraine une disparition de l'etat antiviral. Cependant, sur fibroblastes d'embryons de poulet (FEP), l'etat antiviral peut etre maintenu des le retrait de l'IFN et recupere 24h apres a l'aide des inhibiteurs des syntheses proteiques. Il existe une correlation tres etroite entre le taux de l'activite 2-5A synthetase et l'etat antiviral. Dans les fibroblastes humains (MRC5), et les cellules bovines (MDBK), l'etat antiviral peut etre module de facon comparable aux resultats obtenus sur FEP mais l'activite de la 2-5A synthetase, semble jouer un role moins important dans la regulation de l'etat antiviral. L'auteur conclut en proposant un systeme de regulation cellulaire traductionnelle et post traductionnelle pour l'etat antiviral qui agirait principalement par le biais d'une inactivation reversible de l'activite de la 2-5A synthetase.
BackgroundLeishmaniasis is a parasitic disease affecting a large number of people worldwide. In this study we carried out the molecular characterization of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah Province, Saudi Arabia, confirming Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica as the prevalent species using molecular techniques.MethodsOne hundred and five patients with suspected CL were identified from four different localities in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah Province and Al-Miqat Hospital, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Thirty-four of the 105 patients were selected at random for molecular investigation.ResultsCharacterization of CL species by internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) PCR established L. major and L. tropica as the causative organisms. kDNA PCR had a sensitivity of 90.7%, whereas ITS1 PCR had a sensitivity of 70.1%, thus facilitating the diagnosis and species identification. Parasite culture alone detected 39.2% and smear alone 55.3% of the positive samples. With the exception of kDNA PCR, all other assays were 100% specific.ConclusionsThis study provides the first findings for the comprehensive molecular characterization of CL in Saudi Arabia.
This study evaluated the effect of two different eugenol-based root canal sealers on the retention of prefabricated metal posts luted with adhesive resin cement. Thirty prefabricated ParaPosts randomly divided among three groups of 10 each were luted into extracted single-rooted teeth with adhesive resin cement. Two of the groups had been obturated with Gutta–Percha and one of two eugenol-based root canal sealers (Endofil and Tubli-Seal), respectively. The third group was not obturated and served as the control. The forces required for dislodgment of posts from their prepared post spaces were recorded using a universal testing machine. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple range test was used to determine the mean differences. Endofil and Tubli-Seal groups demonstrated significantly reduced retention compared to the unobturated (control) group (P < 0.05). Eugenol-based sealers significantly reduced the retention of prefabricated posts luted with adhesive resin cement.
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