The objectives of this study were to document the temporal variability and decay innumbers of Escherichia coli within drainage systems by monitoring E. coli concentrations in thedischarge from two tile drainage systems and within a surface water system throughout Nova Scotia,Canada. Both water systems have been impacted by agricultural tillage and cropping activities.Intensive hourly sampling occurred during sampling events that lasted between 24 and 96 h. A totalof 695 samples over five sampling events were collected within the surface water system and 708samples were collected over five sampling events within the tile drainage systems. Membranefiltration using the mColi-Blue medium was used for bacterial analysis. The results indicated that E.coli concentrations of surface water frequently exceeded the Canadian bacterial guidelines forrecreational waters (200 E. coli CFU 100 mL-1). Significant temporal variability was observed in allwater samples. Peak E. coli concentrations normally occurred during the onset of high flow anddecreased throughout the flow event. Decay constants for the E. coli concentrations weredetermined relative to time and accumulated flow using an exponential decay function. The surface water system showed decay constants of 0.28 and 0.35 relative to time and 0.013 relative toaccumulated flow. The subsurface drainage system showed decay constants of 0.073 and 0.10relative to time and 0.69 and 0.83 relative to accumulated flow.
Abstract The present study employs a multidisciplinary approach to highlight the risks of urban expansion on buried cultural heritage sites. The buried temple of Ramses II in Akhmim city was chosen as a case study to assess the impact of urban expansion on its preservation. Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification was utilized to analyze satellite images from multiple sensors and evaluate the extent of urban growth surrounding the temple. The study also incorporated petrographic and mineralogical analyses of statues discovered in the temple, along with calculations of saturation indices, to assess the potential interactions between groundwater and archaeological materials. The findings indicate that urban development is encroaching upon the temple, posing potential risks to its preservation. Saturation indices for minerals in groundwater indicate a high tendency to dissolve dolomite (a common mineral in limestone) and to precipitate halite (sodium chloride). This is a concern because the artifacts unearthed from the temple are primarily composed of limestone. Consequently, there is a risk to the artifacts due to erosion and disintegration caused by mineral crystallization and expansion, as evidenced by the analysis of the rock and mineral characteristics of the statues discovered in the temple. The study proposes protective measures for the temple, including defining its dimensions beneath the urban area and establishing a dedicated protection zone around it.
Background: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a severe inherited form of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HH).It can occur as a result of several gene mutations.The most prevalent are mutations of the ABCC8 gene, which codes for the sulphonylurea receptor 1 subunit (SUR-1) of the potassium-sensitive ATP channels located on the pancreatic B-cells.Aim of the study: to identify mutations of exon 28 of the ABCC8 gene in patients with CHI.Patients and Methods: Thirteen patients diagnosed with CHI, aged from 1 day to 18 years, following up in the Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Pediatric Unit, Abo ElReesh Children's Hospital, Cairo University were recruited.Clinical and biochemical data were collected through history taking, physical examination, and revising patients' medical records.Genetic analysis of exon 28 of the ABCC8 gene was done using DNA sequencing.Results: The results of the DNA sequencing of exon 28 of the ABCC8 gene and its intronic boundaries detected no abnormalities in the study group except for one case which revealed an intronic homozygous variant on intron 28 (rs1954399854) of uncertain significance.Conclusion: Mutations of the ABCC8 gene account for around 40-50% of CHI cases.To our knowledge, there are no sufficient studies in the Egyptian population to detect mutations of the ABCC8 gene, which necessitated conducting this study.Exon 28 of the ABCC8 gene was the only exon tested due to limited resources and self-funding.This did not reveal significant mutations.Further research is warranted to detect other ABCC8 gene mutations in the Egyptian population.