H. F. Maassab

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

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Alan P. Kendal

Children's Center

Dan C. DeBorde

University of Montana

Nancy J. Cox

Vanderbilt University Medical Center

M. Louise Herlocher

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

Brian R. Murphy

The Behavioural Insights Team

B R Murphy

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Arnold S. Monto

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

W. W. Ackermann

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

M H Snyder

National Institutes of Health

Clayton W. Naeve

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Cooperative Institutions

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

National Institutes of Health

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Ann Arbor Center for Independent Living

University of Maryland, Baltimore

Baylor College of Medicine

Johns Hopkins University

Harvard University

Kyushu University

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NUCLEIC ACID METABOLISM OF VIRUS-INFECTED HELA CELLS *

Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (1959)

H. F. Maassab W. W. Ackermann

Nucleic acid metabolism

HeLa

Source

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Citations (0)

Cold-Adapted Recombinant Influenza A Virus Vaccines in Seronegative Young Children

The Journal of Infectious Diseases (1982)

Peter F. Wright N. Okabe Kelly T. McKee H. F. Maassab David T. Karzon

Two live, attenuated, intranasally administered influenza virus vaccines were evaluated in 21 seronegative young children at Vanderbilt Children's Hospital (Nashville, Tennessee). The vaccines were derivatives of a cold-adapted master strain, influenza A/Ann Arbor/6/60 virus, containing the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of one of two contemporary strains, influenza A/Hong Kong/123/77 (H1N1) or A/Alaska/6/77 (H3N2) virus. Both vaccine strains replicated in seronegative young children without evidence of genetic instability. In additon, both vaccine strains caused no identifiable clinical reactions, were not transmitted to other seronegative children, and gave long-lasting immunity. In a subsequent naturally occurring epidemic of influenza A/Bangkok (H3N2) virus, children previously vaccinated with the related strain, influenza A/Alaska (H3N2) virus, were significantly protected as judged by serologic evidence of reinfection.

10.1093/infdis/146.1.71

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Four viral genes independently contribute to attenuation of live influenza A/Ann Arbor/6/60 (H2N2) cold-adapted reassortant virus vaccines

Journal of Virology (1988)

M H Snyder Robert F. Betts Dan C. DeBorde E L Tierney M L Clements

Clinical studies previously demonstrated that live influenza A virus vaccines derived by genetic reassortment from the mating of influenza A/Ann Arbor/6/60 (H2N2) cold-adapted (ca) donor virus with epidemic wild-type influenza A viruses are reproducibly safe, infectious, immunogenic, and efficacious in the prevention of illness caused by challenge with virulent wild-type virus. These influenza A reassortant virus vaccines also express the ca and temperature sensitivity (ts) phenotypes in vitro, but the genes of the ca virus parent which specify the ca, ts, and attenuation (att) phenotypes have not adequately been defined. To identify the genes associated with each of these phenotypes, we isolated six single-gene substitution reassortant viruses, each of which inherited only one RNA segment from the ca parent virus and the remaining seven RNA segments from the A/Korea/1/82 (H3N2) wild-type virus parent. These were evaluated in vitro for their ca and ts phenotypes and in ferrets, hamsters, and seronegative adult volunteers for the att phenotype. We found that the polymerase PA gene of the ca parent specifies the ca phenotype and that the PB2 and PB1 genes independently specify the ts phenotype. The PA, M, PB2, and PB1 genes of the ca donor virus each contribute to the att phenotype. The finding that four genes of the ca donor virus contribute to the att phenotype provides a partial explanation for the observed phenotypic stability of ca reassortant viruses following replication in humans.

Reassortment

10.1128/jvi.62.2.488-495.1988

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Citations (157)

Dominant-Negative Mutants as Antiviral Agents: Simultaneous Infection with the Cold-Adapted Live-Virus Vaccine for Influenza A Protects Ferrets from Disease Produced by Wild-Type Influenza A

The Journal of Infectious Diseases (1991)

Patricia Whitaker‐Dowling H. F. Maassab Julius S. Youngner

The attenuated cold-adapted strain of influenza A virus that is a candidate live-virus vaccine suppressed clinical disease in ferrets when given simultaneously with a virulent epidemic strain of influenza A virus. The cold-adapted virus effectively prevented disease, even when the epidemic strain was of a different subtype than the attenuated virus. In this case, ferrets given a mixed inoculum produced antibody to both subtypes in the absence of clinical disease, indicating that both viruses are replicating in the respiratory tract. These findings suggest the possibility of the development of a novel class of antivirals for influenza, namely a live virus that is a dominant-negative attenuated mutant that interferes with the replication of epidemic strains of virus.

Attenuated vaccine

Strain (injury)

10.1093/infdis/164.6.1200

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Citations (29)

GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF INFLUENZA VIRUS

The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1955)

W. W. Ackermann H. F. Maassab

A further analysis of the growth curve obtained in vitro for influenza virus in chorioallantoic membrane has been made using the viral inhibitor p-fluorophenylalanine. It has been found that p-fluorophenylalanine is phase-specific, does not interfere with the initiation of infection but rather acts during the productive period of the infectious sequence. The site of action of this fluoroderivative has been described relative to the site of action of methoxinine. By the use of this inhibitor in combination with methoxinine, it has been possible to recognize two stages of development which were not discernible from the usual growth curve. In a multicellular culture these two reactions, A and B, occur for the most part simultaneously, during the latent and productive periods. Reaction A is inhibited by methoxinine, but not by fluorophenylalanine. It begins early in the latent period and can proceed independent of reaction B. Reaction B is inhibited by fluorophenylalanine, but not by methoxinine, and it cannot proceed unless reaction A is proceeding or has operated for some prior interval.

Multicellular organism

10.1084/jem.102.4.393

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Dose Response of Influenza A/Washington/897/80 (H3N2) Cold-Adapted Reassortant Virus in Adult Volunteers

The Journal of Infectious Diseases (1984)

M L Clements Robert F. Betts H. F. Maassab B R Murphy

Journal Article Dose Response of Influenza A/Washington/897/80 (H3N2) Cold-Adapted Reassortant Virus in Adult Volunteers Get access Mary Lou Clements, Mary Lou Clements Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert F. Betts, Robert F. Betts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. F. Maassab, H. F. Maassab Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brian R. Murphy Brian R. Murphy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 149, Issue 5, May 1984, Pages 814–815, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/149.5.814 Published: 01 May 1984

10.1093/infdis/149.5.814

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Citations (34)

Isolation and antiviral activity of the gymnemic acids

Experientia (1968)

Joseph E. Sinsheimer G. S. R. Subba Rao Hugh M. McIlhenny Richard V. Smith H. F. Maassab

Isolation

10.1007/bf02152834

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Citations (30)

Development of cold-adapted recombinant live, attenuated influenza A vaccines in the U.S.A. and U.S.S.R.

Antiviral Research (1982)

Alan P. Kendal H. F. Maassab G. I. Alexandrova Yuri Ghendon

Attenuated vaccine

10.1016/0166-3542(82)90034-1

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Ultrastructural localization of herpes simplex virus RNA by in situ hybridization.

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry (1989)

Robert Wolber Theodore F. Beals H. F. Maassab

We studied the subcellular localization of virally encoded RNA by pre-embedding in situ hybridization, using colloidal gold as an electron-dense marker. Fibroblasts infected with Herpes simplex virus (HSV) were fixed, permeabilized, then hybridized with a biotinylated HSV DNA probe under conditions favoring DNA-RNA hybrid formation. HSV probe was localized with 5-nm streptavidin-gold conjugates. Transmission electron microscopy revealed 5-nm gold in clusters and singlets within HSV-infected cells. Formalin-fixed cells contained a mean of 4.6 clusters per cytoplasmic profile and 13.2 clusters per nuclear profile. Combined formalin-glutaraldehyde fixation increased the mean number of clusters per cytoplasmic and nuclear profile to 7.2 (57% increase) and 17.5 (33% increase), respectively. Gold clusters were frequently located in regions adjacent to the nuclear envelope but were not bound to viral nucleocapsids or endoplasmic reticulum. Labeling was unaffected by pre-hybridization DNAse treatment of cells. RNAse eliminated 87% of cytoplasmic and 97% of nuclear clusters. These findings indicate that clustered gold particles labeled viral RNA, with probable binding of multiple DNA probe molecules and/or gold particles to RNA strands. This novel pre-embedding technique may be a useful tool for ultrastructural evaluation of virus-host cell interactions.

Hybridization probe

Streptavidin

10.1177/37.1.2535704

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Citations (36)

Hybrid Formation of Influenza Virus at 25

Experimental Biology and Medicine (1972)

H. F. Maassab Alan P. Kendal Fred M. Davenport

It is clear that “cold hybrids” of influenza virus can be obtained at 25° by recombination of two live influenza virus, of human and animal origins, one of which is cold-adapted. The presently described “cold hybrids” contain the hemagglutinin of the current human or equine strains and the neuraminidase of the established “cold variant”. These derived lines can grow at 25° in tissue culture and embryonated eggs and are also able to form plaques at 25°. They can grow in mouse lungs and are temperature sensitive. The Hong Kong “cold hybrid” (CHI) is attenuated for animals and highly immunogenic. Since only about four weeks were required to obtain these strains, it is evident that the procedures used offer potential practical advantages for production of live influenza vaccine strains.

Embryonated

Human influenza

Common cold

Attenuated vaccine

10.3181/00379727-139-35234

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Citations (34)