Mary L. Hediger

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

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Theresa O. Scholl

Medical University of Vienna

Germaine M. Buck Louis

George Mason University

Barbara Luke

Michigan State University

Roger Newman

Medical University of South Carolina

Katherine L. Grantz

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

Paul S. Albert

National Cancer Institute

Deborah A. Wing

University of California, Irvine

Joan I. Schall

University of Pennsylvania

Jagteshwar Grewal

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

William A. Grobman

The Ohio State University

Cooperative Institutions

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

National Institutes of Health

University of Pennsylvania

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

Johns Hopkins University

Health and Human Development (2HD) Research Network

Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center

Columbia University

Northwestern University

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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Body Mass Index and Overweight in Adolescents in 13 European Countries, Israel, and the United States

Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (2004)

Inge Lissau Mary D. Overpeck W. June Ruan Pernille Due Bjørn Evald Holstein

To compare the body mass index (BMI) (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) and the prevalence of BMI at or above the 85th centile and 95th centile (overweight) in adolescents.Cross-sectional, nationally representative school-based surveys in 1997-1998 by means of identical data collection methods.Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Flemish Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Lithuania, Ireland, Israel, Portugal, Slovakia, Sweden, and the United States.A total of 29 242 boys and girls, aged 13 and 15 years.The BMI, BMI at or above the 85th centile, and BMI at or above the 95th centile (overweight) from self-reported height and weight.The highest prevalence of overweight was found in the United States and the lowest in Lithuania. On the basis of the study reference standard, the prevalence of overweight (percentage) in the United States was 12.6% in 13-year-old boys, 10.8% in 13-year-old girls, 13.9% in 15-year-old boys, and 15.1% in 15-year-old girls, all significantly increased. Prevalence of overweight in Lithuania was significantly below the expected 5%, with 1.8% in 13-year-old boys, 2.6% in 13-year-old girls, 0.8% in 15-year-old boys, and 2.1% in 15-year-old girls. Relative rankings among countries were similar for BMI at or above the 85th centile, although there were less dramatic differences at this level.The highest prevalences of overweight were found in the United States, Ireland, Greece, and Portugal.

Flemish

Cross-sectional study

10.1001/archpedi.158.1.27

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Citations (407)

Perinatal and Early Childhood Outcomes of Twins Versus Triplets

Twin Research and Human Genetics (2006)

Barbara Luke Morton B. Brown Mary L. Hediger Ruta Misiunas Elaine Anderson

Abstract The purpose of this prospective cohort study of twins and triplets was to evaluate perinatal and early childhood outcomes through 18 months of age. The study population included 141 twin pregnancies (282 twin children) and 8 triplet pregnancies (24 triplet children) recruited between May, 1996 and June, 2001. Mothers of triplets versus twins were significantly more likely to have infertility treatments, to be overweight or obese before conception, to be admitted antenatally, and to deliver by cesarean section. Length of gestation for triplets was significantly shorter (–2.31 weeks, p < .0001), and more likely to be less than 35 weeks (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 9.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.22–27.29). Average birthweight for triplets was significantly lighter (–495 grams, p < .0001), and more likely to be low birthweight (AOR 11.38, 95% CI 3.11–41.61). Triplets were also more likely to be admitted to neonatal intensive care (AOR 7.97, 95% CI 2.13–29.77), to require mechanical ventilation (AOR 5.67, 95% CI 2.05–15.65), to develop respiratory distress syndrome (AOR 12.50, 95% CI 3.89–40.20), or a major morbidity (retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, ventilator support, or grade III or IV intraventricular hemorrhage, AOR 5.67, 95% CI 2.05–15.65). Weight, length, and head circumference was significantly smaller at birth for triplets compared to twins, and these differences remained through 18 months of age, along with lower mental developmental scores at the oldest age. Compared to twins, triplets have greater neonatal morbidity, and through 18 months of age lower mental and motor scores, slower postnatal growth and more residual stunting, particularly of length and head circumference.

Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Omphalocele

10.1375/twin.9.1.81

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Citations (27)

Early weight gain in pregnant adolescents and fetal outcome

American Journal of Human Biology (1989)

Mary L. Hediger Theresa O. Scholl Ruth W. Salmon

While the contribution of total maternal gain to birthweight is well described, less is known about whether there are specific effects of early weight gain. Early weight gain adequacy may be a particular problem among teenage gravidas who are more likely to have low prepregnant weight and in developing countries where chronic undernutrition is endemic. We studied the effects of early weight gain adequacy on infant birthweight in a geographical cohort of 1,790 adolescents from Camden County, New Jersey. Weight gain was calculated for prepregnant weight to 24 weeks' gestation and 24 weeks to delivery. Inadequate early weight gain was defined as gains less than 4.3 kg and inadequate late gains as averaging less than 400 gm/week from 24 weeks' gestation to delivery. In regressions predicting birthweight outcome, we found significant independent effects of timing of weight gain inadequacy. Early inadequate gains were associated with a -186.6 ± 31.6 gm decrement in birthweight that was not diminished even when later weight gains were compensatory. Late inadequate (-154.4 ± 29.3 gm) and inadequate gains both early and later (-298.6 ± 49.1 gm) were also associated with birthweight decrements. However, overweight (body mass index >24.5) appeared to buffer some of the effects of inadequate weight gains, reducing the decrement to about -100 gm. Protocols that seek to improve infant outcomes should focus on early weight gain during pregnancy. Affecting weight gain only late in pregnancy may not be able to substantially reduce the risk of fetal growth retardation.

10.1002/ajhb.1310010604

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Citations (33)

Fetal growth rates and the very preterm delivery of twins

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (2005)

Mary L. Hediger Barbara Luke Víctor Hugo González-Quintero Dibe Martín Clark Nugent

Fetal growth

10.1016/j.ajog.2005.03.040

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Citations (15)

Assisted reproductive technologies and children's neurodevelopmental outcomes

Fertility and Sterility (2013)

Mary L. Hediger Erin M. Bell Charlotte M. Druschel Germaine M. Buck Louis

10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.12.013

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Prenatal DDT Exposure in Relation to Anthropometric and Pubertal Measures in Adolescent Males

Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Beth C. Gladen Mark A. Klebanoff Mary L. Hediger Solomon H. Katz Dana Boyd Barr

DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane), a pesticide once used widely in agriculture and now limited to public health use, remains a controversial chemical because of a combination of benefits and risks. DDT or its breakdown products are ubiquitous in the environment and in humans. Compounds in the DDT family have endocrine actions and have been associated with reproductive toxicity. A previous study reported associations between prenatal exposure to p,p -DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-ethylene] and increased height and weight in adolescent boys. We examined a group with higher exposures to see whether similar associations would occur. Our study group was 304 males born in Philadelphia in the early 1960s who had participated in a previous study. Anthropometric and pubertal measures from one to six visits during their adolescent years were available, as were stored maternal serum samples from pregnancy. We measured p,p -DDE, p,p -DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-ethane], and o,p -DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-(p-chlorophenyl)-ethane] in the maternal serum. Outcomes examined in the boys were height, ratio of sitting height to height, body mass index, triceps skinfold thickness, ratio of subscapular to the sum of triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses, skeletal age, serum testosterone, and serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. No associations between prenatal exposure to any of the DDT compounds and any outcome measure were seen.

10.1289/ehp.7287

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Citations (77)

Perinatal and Early Childhood Outcomes of Twins Versus Triplets

Twin Research and Human Genetics (2006)

Barbara Luke Morton B. Brown Mary L. Hediger Ruta Misiunas Elaine Anderson

The purpose of this prospective cohort study of twins and triplets was to evaluate perinatal and early childhood outcomes through 18 months of age. The study population included 141 twin pregnancies (282 twin children) and 8 triplet pregnancies (24 triplet children) recruited between May, 1996 and June, 2001. Mothers of triplets versus twins were significantly more likely to have infertility treatments, to be overweight or obese before conception, to be admitted antenatally, and to deliver by cesarean section. Length of gestation for triplets was significantly shorter (–2.31 weeks, p < .0001), and more likely to be less than 35 weeks (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 9.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.22–27.29). Average birthweight for triplets was significantly lighter (–495 grams, p < .0001), and more likely to be low birthweight (AOR 11.38, 95% CI 3.11–41.61). Triplets were also more likely to be admitted to neonatal intensive care (AOR 7.97, 95% CI 2.13–29.77), to require mechanical ventilation (AOR 5.67, 95% CI 2.05–15.65), to develop respiratory distress syndrome (AOR 12.50, 95% CI 3.89–40.20), or a major morbidity (retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, ventilator support, or grade III or IV intraventricular hemorrhage, AOR 5.67, 95% CI 2.05–15.65). Weight, length, and head circumference was significantly smaller at birth for triplets compared to twins, and these differences remained through 18 months of age, along with lower mental developmental scores at the oldest age. Compared to twins, triplets have greater neonatal morbidity, and through 18 months of age lower mental and motor scores, slower postnatal growth and more residual stunting, particularly of length and head circumference.

10.1375/183242706776403064

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Citations (23)

Association between Lead and Cadmium and Reproductive Hormones in Peripubertal U.S. Girls

Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

Audra L. Gollenberg Mary L. Hediger Peter A. Lee John H. Himes Germaine M. Buck Louis

Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are known reproductive toxicants thought to disrupt hormone production throughout sensitive developmental windows, although this has not been previously examined in nationally representative peripubertal children.We examined the association between blood Pb and urinary Cd concentrations and the reproductive hormones inhibin B and luteinizing hormone (LH) in girls 6-11 years of age who participated in the cross-sectional Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) (1988-1994).Pb (micrograms per deciliter) was measured in whole blood, and Cd was measured in urine (nanograms per milliliter). Inhibin B (picograms per milliliter) and LH (milli-International units per milliliter) were measured in residual sera for 705 girls. Survey logistic regression was used to estimate associations with pubertal onset based on inhibin B concentration > 35 pg/mL or LH concentration > 0.4 mIU/mL, and multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the association between Pb and increasing categories of hormone concentrations.High Pb (≥ 5 µg/dL) was inversely associated with inhibin B > 35 pg/mL [odds ratio (OR) = 0.26; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.11-0.60; compared with Pb < 1 µg/dL]. At 10 and 11 years of age, girls with low Pb (< 1 µg/dL) had significantly higher inhibin B than did girls with moderate (1-4.99 µg/dL) or high Pb (≥ 5 µg/dL). In the subsample of 260 girls with levels of inhibin B above the level of detection and using survey regression modeling, inhibin B levels were lower among girls with both high Pb and high Cd (ß= -0.52; 95% CI, -0.09 to -1.04) than among girls with high Pb alone (ß= -0.35; 95% CI, -0.13 to -0.57), relative to girls with low Pb and low Cd.Higher Pb was inversely associated with inhibin B, a marker of follicular development, and estimated effects suggestive of pubertal delays appeared to be stronger in the context of higher Cd concentrations. These data underscore the importance of Pb and Cd as reproductive toxicants for young girls.

Liter

10.1289/ehp.1001943

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Does light pressure effleurage reduce pain and anxiety associated with genetic amniocentesis? A randomized clinical trial

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal Medicine (2000)

Richard L. Fischer Kathryn W. Bianculli Harish M. Sehdev Mary L. Hediger

Objective To determine if light pressure effleurage (leg rubbing) during genetic amniocentesis reduces procedure-related pain and anxiety. Methods Two hundred women with singleton gestations undergoing genetic amniocentesis between 15–22 weeks recorded their level of anticipated pain and anxiety on a 10-cm linear visual analog scale prior to the amniocentesis. Subjects were then randomized to receive effleurage or no effleurage by the assisting nurse during the procedure. Subjects were blinded to the effleurage nature of the study. Following the amniocentesis, subjects repeated the pain and anxiety scoring. Results The two groups were similar with respect to subject and procedure characteristics, as well as anticipated pain or anxiety prior to amniocentesis. Postamniocentesis pain and anxiety scoring were similar in the two groups. The mean effleurage acceptance score was 8.3 ± 1.8 (out of 10), and 90.2% of subjects reported that they would want effleurage with future amniocenteses. Conclusions Although well accepted by women, light pressure effleurage during genetic amniocentesis does not reduce procedure-related pain or anxiety. J. Matern.-Fetal Med. 2000;9:294–297. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Amniocentesis

10.1002/1520-6661(200009/10)9:5<294::aid-mfm8>3.0.co;2-3

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Citations (24)

Fetal growth standards: the NICHD fetal growth study approach in context with INTERGROWTH-21st and the World Health Organization Multicentre Growth Reference Study

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (2017)

Katherine L. Grantz Mary L. Hediger Danping Liu Germaine M. Buck Louis

Fetal growth

Child Health

10.1016/j.ajog.2017.11.593

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Citations (130)