Alejandra Castillo

Austral University of Chile

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Paulina Schuller

Austral University of Chile

Gerd Dercon

International Atomic Energy Agency

Ana Navas

Estación Experimental de Aula Dei

Heitor Evangelista

Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

Bulat Mavlyudov

Institute of Geography

Desmond E. Walling

University of Exeter

Johanna Slaets

International Atomic Energy Agency

Andrés Iroumé

Austral University of Chile

G. Voigt

Baum Consult

Valentin Golosov

Moscow State University

Cooperative Institutions

Austral University of Chile

Universidade Federal Fluminense

International Atomic Energy Agency

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

University of Exeter

University of Plymouth

Goethe University Frankfurt

Institute of Geography

Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

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Determination of soil erosion sources in forest catchments in central Chile using Compound-Specific Stable Isotope technique (CSSI).

Claudio Bravo‐Linares Paulina Schuller Alejandra Castillo Enrique Muñoz Óscar Mauricio Castellanos Alarcón

Isotope Analysis

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A synchronous atmosphere-cryosphere-land response to climate on the northern Antarctic Peninsula since the mid-Holocene

Research Square (Research Square) (2023)

Heitor Evangelista С. Р. Веркулич Bulat Mavlyudov Mariza Pereira de Souza Echer Marcus Vinicius Licínio

Abstract West Antarctica plays a pivotal role in sea level rise in projected scenarios with global socioenvironmental and economic consequences. Therefore, describing its recent and past climate history and changes is essential for identifying the main climate controls and past responses. To better understand the climatic sensitivity of this region, we analyzed sedimentary records from newly surveyed proglacial lacustrine profiles dated from the middle Holocene to the present on the North Antarctic Peninsula. We combined atmosphere-glacier-land databases that evidenced a close coupling among these compartments during intense melting events. Our analyses furthermore suggest that a short Neoglacial phase from ∼1,500–2,000 kyr BP until the onset of the 20th century was possibly influenced by a combined long-term decline in total solar irradiance, Andean volcanism and ENSO.

Peninsula

10.21203/rs.3.rs-3601682/v4

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Quantifying the temporal variation of the contribution of fine sediment sources to sediment yields from Chilean forested catchments during harvesting operations

Bosque (Valdivia) (2021)

Paulina Schuller Desmond E. Walling Andrés Iroumé César Quilodrán Alejandra Castillo

Fingerprinting techniques were incorporated into a paired catchment investigation in southern Chile to quantify the contribution of three fine sediment sources (catchment surfaces, forest roads and stream channels) to catchment suspended sediment yields during forest harvesting and replanting operations. Optimum composite fingerprints for use in sediment source discrimination and apportionment comprised 137Cs and 210Pbex for the control catchment (LUC) throughout the study and for the treatment catchment (LUT) during the pre-harvest period, and 137Cs and soil organic matter during harvest and post-harvest periods for LUT. Prior to harvesting, the dominant sediment source to the sediment load in both catchments was the stream channel and remained relatively constant throughout the study for LUC. For the entire study period the total suspended sediment yield from LUT (3,160 kg ha-1) approximately doubled that from LUC (1,650 kg ha-1). Most of this difference is accounted for by the increase in sediment output during the rainy months following clearcutting. The disturbance associated with forest operations in LUT caused the contributions to the load from the catchment slopes and forest roads to increase markedly (total contributions 835 and 795 kg ha-1, respectively). However, the total contribution from the stream channel for LUT during the study period (1,530 kg ha-1) remained similar to that from LUC. The results of the investigation demonstrated that any attempt to reduce sediment loading from forest harvesting would require adopting best management practices to reduce sediment mobilization from catchment surfaces and forest roads.

Variation (astronomy)

Sedimentary budget

10.4067/s0717-92002021000200231

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Modern sediment redistribution in pro-glacial areas of King George Island, South Shetland Islands

EGUGA (2018)

Gerd Dercon Heitor Evangelista Alejandra Castillo Valentin Golosov Bulat Mavlyudov

Shetland

George (robot)

Redistribution

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Radiocaesium transfer from volcanic soils to Swiss chard, cabbage and sweet corn

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity (2018)

Paulina Schuller Alejandra Castillo G. Voigt Natalia Semioshkina

Andosol

10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.06.003

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Age of Stratospheric Air: Progress on Processes, Observations, and Long‐Term Trends

Reviews of Geophysics (2024)

Hella Garny Felix Ploeger Marta Ábalos Harald Bönisch Alejandra Castillo

Abstract Age of stratospheric air is a well established metric for the stratospheric transport circulation. Rooted in a robust theoretical framework, this approach offers the benefit of being deducible from observations of trace gases. Given potential climate‐induced changes, observational constraints on stratospheric circulation are crucial. In the past two decades, scientific progress has been made in three main areas: (a) Enhanced process understanding and the development of process diagnostics led to better quantification of individual transport processes from observations and to a better understanding of model deficits. (b) The global age of air climatology is now well constrained by observations thanks to improved quality and quantity of data, including global satellite data, and through improved and consistent age calculation methods. (c) It is well established and understood that global models predict a decrease in age, that is, an accelerating stratospheric circulation, in response to forcing by greenhouse gases and ozone depleting substances. Observational records now confirm long‐term forced trends in mean age in the lower stratosphere. However, in the mid‐stratosphere, uncertainties in observational records are too large to confirm or disprove the model predictions. Continuous monitoring of stratospheric trace gases and further improved methods to derive age from those tracers will be crucial to better constrain variability and long‐term trends from observations. Future work on mean age as a metric for stratospheric transport will be important due to its potential to enhance the understanding of stratospheric composition changes, address climate model biases, and assess the impacts of proposed climate geoengineering methods.

10.1029/2023rg000832

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A synchronous atmosphere-cryosphere-land response to climate on the northern Antarctic Peninsula since the mid-Holocene

Research Square (Research Square) (2023)

Heitor Evangelista С. Р. Веркулич Bulat Mavlyudov Mariza Pereira de Souza Echer Marcus Vinicius Licínio

Peninsula

10.21203/rs.3.rs-3601682/v5

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Changes in soil erosion associated with the shift from conventional tillage to a no-tillage system, documented using 137Cs measurements

Soil and Tillage Research (2006)

Paulina Schuller Desmond E. Walling Alejandra Sepúlveda Alejandra Castillo Inés Pino

Ultisol

Conventional tillage

10.1016/j.still.2006.07.014

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Citations (70)

Sediment runoff formation in a small periglacial catchment on the King George (Vaterloo) island, Antarctica

Lomonosov Geography Journal (2024)

Valentin Golosov Bulat Mavlyudov С. В. Харченко Ana Navas Leticia Gaspar

Global climate change has most significantly affected the Polar Regions. The increase in air temperature has stimulated the melting of glaciers in the Arctic and Antarctic, which has contributed to changes in the formation of water and sediment runoff. However, there are very few quantitative estimates of the sediment redistribution in the periglacial catchments of the Polar Regions. Specific features of water and sediment runoff were studied within the catchment area of the Korabelnyj Stream located on the Fildes Peninsula in Antarctica near the Bellingshausen Ice Dome. The main aim of the study was to investigate the conditions for the formation of water and sediment runoff and to identify the proportional contribution of washout and erosion material coming from the periglacial and maritime parts of the catchment area to the sediment runoff of the stream. A set of methods and approaches, including: a) estimates of the sediment flow connectivity index; b) fingerprinting technique; c) hydrometeorological observations; d) large-scale geomorphological survey and others, was ap[1]plied to identify the conditions for the formation of surface runoff and washout, the mechanisms of sediment redistribution in various parts of the fluvial network and to quantify the proportional contribution of two main sediment sources to the sediment runoff of the stream. A fraction with a particle size of ≤63 μm was used for geochemical and spectrometric analyzes of soils and sediments. In total, the content of 34 elements was analyzed, i.e. 6 radioisotopes and 28 stable elements. It has been established that despite the significant differences in the relief of the near-glacial and maritime parts of the catchment area, the indices of sediment connectivity are quite close and amount to –1,79 and –1,35, respectively. A significant part of the material transported by temporary streams from the slopes of the catchment area is redeposited in relief depressions partially occupied by water bodies. The main volume of sediments, which is at least 60–66% of the total sediment runoff in the outlet section of the Korabelnyj Stream, comes from the periglacial part of the catchment area. This is due to the increased water discharge relative to the non-glacial part of the catchment area, which results from the melting of snow and ice accumulated on the ice dome, the high erosion of moraine deposits unprotected by vegetation, and the presence of an ice core in moraines, which prevents water filtration.

George (robot)

10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.79.4.1

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Erosion proxies in an exotic tree plantation question the appropriate land use in Central Chile

CATENA (2017)

Callum C. Banfield Andreas Braun Ricardo Barra Alejandra Castillo Joachim Vogt

Topsoil

Litter

10.1016/j.catena.2017.10.017

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Citations (40)