N. Ashwathi

Kannur Medical College

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G. Chandra Mohan

National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research

Claudia Peter

Ragas Dental College & Hospital

Jeff Z. Nixon

RKDF University

KRaj Kumar

Institute of Medical Sciences

Dwijesh S. Goswami

Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital

Abhilash Haridas

Kerala University of Health Sciences

G. Manas

Syed Ashique Abdulhameed

Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital

Lovebin Simon

Century College

Ruma Rani

National Research Centre on Equines

Cooperative Institutions

Ragas Dental College & Hospital

Saveetha University

Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital

Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre

Pushpagiri Medical College

Al-Azhar University

National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research

Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences

RKDF University

Institute of Medical Sciences

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Comprehensive Evaluation of Titanium, Zirconia, and Ceramic Dental Implant Materials: A Comparative Analysis of Mechanical and Esthetic Properties

Cureus (2024)

Claudia Peter K. Shah Lovebin Simon Shyama Pm N. Ashwathi

Dental implant materials play a pivotal role in the success of restorative dentistry. This study comprehensively compares the mechanical and esthetic properties of three commonly used dental implant materials: titanium, zirconia, and ceramic.

Dental ceramics

Dental porcelain

10.7759/cureus.60582

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Aligning Airways: Orthodontic Interventions in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Kerala Dental Journal (2025)

S. Rathesha G. Manas KRaj Kumar Panchami Mearish N. Ashwathi

Abstract This review article examines the integral role of orthodontics in managing obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), a prevalent sleep disorder characterised by recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep, leading to fragmented sleep and various health complications. It provides a comprehensive overview of the normal sleep architecture, pathophysiology of sleep apnoea and predisposing factors and symptoms. The importance of orthodontic interventions in correcting craniofacial abnormalities and malocclusion, key factors contributing to OSA, is emphasised. Recent advancements in diagnostic modalities, including home sleep apnoea testing, wearable technology, AI-powered analysis and three-dimensional imaging for airway evaluation, are discussed. Furthermore, innovative treatment options such as customised continuous positive airway pressure devices, oral appliances with embedded sensors, positional therapy, orofacial myofunctional therapy and surgical interventions, including hypoglossal nerve stimulation and transoral robotic surgery, are explored. Emphasising the necessity of interdisciplinary collaboration between orthodontists and sleep medicine specialists, this article aims to enhance patient outcomes and improve sleep quality.

10.4103/ksdj.ksdj_61_24

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Effect of Sterilization on Surface Roughness of Different Archwire

Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences (2024)

Syed Ashique Abdulhameed Ruma Rani N. Ashwathi Dwijesh S. Goswami Jeff Z. Nixon

Orthodontic archwires undergo various sterilization procedures to ensure they are free of microbial contamination before clinical use. However, the impact of these sterilization methods on the surface roughness of different types of archwires is not well understood. In this study, we evaluated the effect of three common sterilization methods (autoclaving, dry heat, and chemical sterilization) on the surface roughness of three types of orthodontic archwires: stainless steel, nickel-titanium, and beta-titanium. A total of 90 archwire samples (30 of each type) were divided into three groups, each subjected to one of the sterilization methods. Surface roughness was measured using a profilometer before and after sterilization. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc tests to determine significant differences. The results indicated that autoclaving significantly increased the surface roughness of nickel-titanium archwires (mean increase of 0.12 μm, P < 0.05) compared to dry heat and chemical sterilization. Stainless steel archwires showed a moderate increase in surface roughness with autoclaving (mean increase of 0.08 μm, P < 0.05), while beta-titanium archwires exhibited the least change across all sterilization methods (mean increase of 0.03 μm, P > 0.05). Dry heat sterilization had a minimal effect on the surface roughness of all archwire types, whereas chemical sterilization showed a significant increase in roughness for stainless steel archwires (mean increase of 0.10 μm, P < 0.05). Sterilization methods, particularly autoclaving, can adversely affect the surface roughness of orthodontic archwires, potentially impacting clinical performance.

Sterilization

10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_772_24

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