Thermocompression (TC) bonding is seen as the next-generation packaging technology that will enable faster and more energy efficient devices in the face of slowing cost-performance gains achievable by advancing wafer fabrication technology. TC bonding will enable higher I/O counts and finer pitch interconnections than traditional interconnect methods through better control of the stress and warpage between devices and the substrate. In combination with through-silicon-vias (TSVs), TC bonding allows advanced memory stacks, such as the Hybrid Memory Cube and Wide-I/O memory.
Utilizing the self-assembly method, we have successfully prepared a two-dimensional photonic crystal (PhC) of monolayer SiO2 spheres onto the Bismuth Germinate (Bi4Ge3O12, BGO) crystal and therefore supply another photonic crystal structure with the advantages of low-cost and large-area preparation to improve the light extraction efficiency of scintillator. A light extraction enhancement ratio up to 145.3% as compared the BGO coated by the PhC with the plain reference sample is observed and the underlying mechanism of scintillator light extraction is discussed in detail via a rigorous coupled-wave analysis calculation. The calculated transmission spectra and electric-field distribution exhibit the electric-field eigenmodes confined in SiO2 spheres resonating by the way of whispering gallery modes (WGMs) and becoming leaky modes due to the diffraction effect. Since almost no SiO2 nanospheres over the polystyrene spheres are immersed in preparation, we have demonstrated that the introduction of PhC structures using the SiO2 nanospheres onto the scintillator surface is an effective way to solve the light-trapping problem and therefore the design is very useful to be applied to the particle detection of radiation field.
Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) microarrays are successfully patterned on SiO2 substrates based on an evaporation-induced self-assembly mechanism. On these SWCNT micropatterns, the highly electroactive polycrystalline Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) are deposited by using the electrochemical method. The obtained PtNP-SWCNT nanocomposites exhibit a low detection limit for hydrogen peroxide (4 μM). The further investigation on a glucose oxidase (GOx)/BSA/PtNP-SWCNT based biosensor indicates that the detection limit and sensitivity for glucose are 0.04 mM and 4.54 μA mM−1 cm−2, respectively. Our results prove that the improved electrocatalytic activity originates from the PtNP-SWCNT micropatterns, which provide a potential platform to immobilize different enzymes used for bioelectrochemical applications.
A (Lu,Y)2SiO5:Ce (LYSO) crystal, as a heavy inorganic scintillator, is currently in high demand for various applications in the fields of particle detection. However, its high refractive index (n = 1.83) gives restriction on the measurements of rare events or weak particle flow, where high energy resolution is urgently required for detectors based on the crystal. Utilizing the electron beam lithography technique and the ion beam lithography method, we have successfully prepared a 2.0 × 2.0 mm2 large area two-dimensional photonic crystal (PhC) structure on the LYSO crystal surface. Compared with the plain reference sample, the optical measurements show a 53% enhancement of light extraction for the LYSO nanostructured surface, and the resulted improvement of energy resolution (full width at half maximum) is measured to be 43.8% by gaussian fittings to the energy spectra excited by the 241Am α source. With the advantage of high-resolution patterning, high thermal stability, and firm stickiness on the substrate, the present prescription of the PhC fabrication is still favorable for some special fields (e.g., homeland security and space exploration) though the writing process is extremely time consuming and expensive to use.
This dissertation explores the complex relationship between organizational citizenship behavior, team performance, and organizational performance in Chinese public higher vocational schools, and then builds the framework of human resource management in Chinese public higher vocational schools.On January 24, 2019, The State Council of China issued the National Implementation Plan for Vocational Education Reform, which regards vocational education and general education as two different types of education with equal importance.In view of the reform demands of China's higher vocational education, employees, as the main body of reform, have become an important factor restricting reform.Therefore, the management of human resources in China's public higher vocational colleges is particularly important.Over all, this dissertation aims to contribute to the human resource management of China's public higher vocational schools under the background of China's vocational education reform.By exploring the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior, team performance and organizational performance of employees in China's public higher vocational schools, this paper proposes a human resource management framework with guiding practical significance.To improve the human resource management level of China's public higher vocational schools.
Abstract This paper describes characterization and its successful applications of a deep-penetration acid-fracturing approach to enhance oil recovery in low-permeability complex lithology reservoirs. A kind of special but important low-permeability reservoirs are distributing widely in west of China, in which neither carbonate nor detrial rock is main content.It is named complex lithology, which has 1/3 of quartz and feldspar, 1/3 of carbonate, and 1/3 of clay mineral. Early attempts in stimulations got miserable results.Propped fracturing failed with little bauxite placed before job termination due to premature screen-out. In addition, less HCl consumption and rock dissolving power prevents deep penetration of acid into formation. In matrix treatments this results in compact dissolution with only marginal skin decrease. To optimize acid system for this complicated formation condition, acid rock reaction experiments of gelled acid and emulsified acid were accomplished to get full understanding the kinetics of acid reaction with complex lithology cores. Acid conductivity experiments were conducted with a unique conductivity instrument using samples designed to simulate deep-penetration acid fracturing process. The lab results indicate acid reaction mechanism is quite different both from carbonate and sandstone that is not controlled by surface reactivity or mass transport, but by both of these two reactions modes in balance. A good way to improve conductivity is alternating stages of acid fracs and closed acidizing with a multi-component acid, which is available to dissolve quartz, feldspar and clay. More than 63 treatments with new technologies in Yumen, Qinghai oil field have been performed with encouraging results, 74.5% efficiency with accumulated incremental oil of 254,900 tons. For example, well L8 had original oil production of 546 BOPD, and got production as much as 2016 BOPD after treatment.
In the past decade, outbreaks of new diseases have brought much fear in the people worldwide.Many lives were lost due mainly to the late detection of these diseases as well as the lack of knowledge to prevent or cure them.To allow fast response to curb the spread of such infections, real-time sensors with high sensitivity and selectivity are required.With the advancement in technology and the need for miniaturization, biosensors based on electrochemistry has proven to be a powerful detection method due to the ease-of-use, low instrumentation cost, possible nonlabeling and fast target detection.In an electrochemical detection, the sensitivity of the biosensors is mostly affected by the accessibility of the specific target towards the recognition site of the receptors immobilized on the electrode surface.To reduce the steric hindrances of the target molecules to the receptors, in this case the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probes, short organic spacer groups are normally used to modulate the ssDNA probe density on the electrode.In this report, a ternary sensing surface optimized using DNA-based spacer group for the detection of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been created.As compared to commonlyused organic spacer group, such as 2-mercaptoethanol (ME), 3-mercaptop-1-propanol (MP) and 6mercapto-1-hexanol (MCH), thymine-based spacer groups (T9) displayed a 10-fold improvement of signal-to-noise in discriminating between complementary DNA (cDNA) and non-complementary DNA (NcDNA) hybridization.Analysis from Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM-D) and electrochemistry showed a sensing surface of excellent selectivity, optimized at a ratio of 1:1 (probe:T9).On this surface, the ssDNA probes are aligned by the T9 spacer groups and thereby capable of maximizing cDNA hybridization and differentiating with nonspecific NcDNA binding.Single-mismatch (SMM) detections have shown to be possible at this optimized ratio, with the ability to differentiate between the SMM at different positions.By creating similar sensing surfaces on gold-deposited microelectrodes, an improvement of the S/N by a factor of 8 was observed compared to the detection using planar gold electrodes, showing capabilities of creating a highly selective and sensitive biosensor with microelectrodes.Attempts were also made to create binary sensing surfaces and comparisons were made with using shorter thymine spacer
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