Poor graft function (PGF), characterized by myelosuppression, represents a significant challenge following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) being established as a risk factor for PGF. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells (BM-EPCs) play an important role in supporting hematopoiesis and their dysfunction contributes to PGF development. We aim to explore the effects of CMV on BM-EPCs and its underlying mechanism.
Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) is a rare BCR-ABL negative myeloproliferative neoplasm that usually affects older adults with a poor prognosis. Leukemia cutis is an extramedullary manifestation of leukemia and may be misdiagnosed by dermatologists. Here, we describe a case of CNL in a 6-year-old Chinese girl with leukemia cutis as the first manifestation. Her skin rashes failed to attract the attention of dermatologists in early stages. The diagnosis was confirmed by peripheral smear, bone marrow studies, genomic analysis and skin biopsy.
Abstract Land-atmosphere interaction is one of the important causes of climate change. The accurate characterization of physical mechanism of the soil layer can help us better understand the land-atmosphere interaction. As one of the important thermal properties of soil, soil thermal diffusivity is an important parameter reflecting soil thermal conductivity and a necessary condition for simulating soil thermodynamic environment. Based on the comparison of several methods for calculating soil thermal diffusivity (amplitude method, phase method, logarithmic method, arctangent method, Laplace method and numerical methods), this paper develops a new soil thermal diffusivity model (Thermal conduction-convection method based on Fourier series boundary condition for calculating soil thermal diffusivity, TCCMF) and compares the results of the new model with other methods. The results show that: (1) The accuracy of the results obtained by the amplitude method, phase method, logarithmic method, and arctangent method is not high enough; the Laplace method can better solve the effects of extreme weather or non-periodic changes in soil temperature. (2) When the numerical methods are used to solve the thermal conduction equation, the Crank-Nichalson-Sch format is unconditionally stable, the data utilization rate is higher, the obtained soil thermal diffusivity is less discrete, and the result is more accurate. (3) The new model (TCCMF) uses the Fourier series method, which is easy to calculate, and has more complete physical process and more flexible precision control. The simulation results of soil temperature using this method show that this method (TCCMF) has better simulation accuracy, indicating that it has potential value in simulating soil thermodynamic characteristics and land-atmosphere interaction.
Abstract Background Secondary poor graft function (sPGF) is a serious complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) related to poor outcome. We aimed to retrospectively evaluate the morbidity and hazard elements of sPGF after allo‐HSCT. Methods Eight hundred and sixty‐three patients who achieved initial engraftment of both neutrophils and platelets were retrospectively reviewed in this study. Results Fifty‐two patients developed sPGF within 180 days post‐transplants, with the median onset time was 62 days (range, 34–121 days) post‐transplants. The overall cumulative incidence of sPGF within 180 days post‐transplantation was 6.0%, with 3.4%, 3.4%, and 10.1%, respectively, in matched sibling donor (MSD), matched unrelated donor (MUD), and haploidentical donor (HID) transplant ( p < 0.0001). Multivariable analysis showed that HID (HID vs. MSD: hazard ratio [HR] 2.525, p = 0.004; HID vs. MUD: [HR] 3.531, p = 0.017), acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) within +30 days ([HR] 2.323, p = 0.003), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation ([HR] 8.915, p < 0.0001) within +30 days post‐transplants were hazard elements of sPGF. The patients with sPGF had poorer survival than good graft function (51.7±8.1% vs. 62.9±1.9%, p < 0.0001). Our results also showed that only CMV reactivation was the hazard element for the development of PGF in HID transplant ([HR] 12.521 p < 0.0001). Conclusion HID transplant is also an independent hazard element of sPGF except for aGVHD and CMV reactivation.
Abstract Land-atmosphere interaction is one of important causes of climate change. Accurate characterization of physical mechanism of the soil layer can help us better understand land-atmosphere interaction. As one of important thermal properties of soil, soil thermal diffusivity is an important parameter reflecting soil thermal conductivity and a necessary condition for simulating soil thermodynamic environment. Based on comparison of several methods for calculating soil thermal diffusivity (amplitude method, phase method, logarithmic method, arctangent method, Laplace method and numerical methods), we developed a new soil thermal diffusivity model (Thermal conduction-convection method based on Fourier series boundary condition for calculating soil thermal diffusivity, TCCMF) and compares the results of the new model with other methods. The results show that: (1) The accuracy of the results obtained by the amplitude method, phase method, logarithmic method, and arctangent method is not high enough; the Laplace method can better solve the effects of extreme weather or non-periodic changes in soil temperature. (2) When numerical methods are used to solve the thermal conduction equation, Crank-Nichalson-Sch format is unconditionally stable, the data utilization rate is higher, the obtained soil thermal diffusivity is less discrete, and the result is more accurate. (3) The new model (TCCMF) uses the Fourier series method, which is easy to calculate, and has more complete physical process and more flexible precision control. The simulation results of soil temperature using this method show that this method (TCCMF) has better simulation accuracy, indicating that it has potential value in simulating soil thermodynamic characteristics and land-atmosphere interaction.
Pityriasis versicolor, a common skin fungal infection, is typically observed on trunk and limb skin. Here, we highlight an unusual presentation: scalp involvement, often overlooked due to its asymptomatic, mildly scaly patches. We report four pediatric cases, emphasizing the potential underestimation of this scalp variant. This case series underscores the importance of considering this diagnosis in patients with unexplained scalp hypopigmentation, especially in males with short hair who may readily notice these subtle changes. The report contributes to the understanding of this variant's clinical presentation and emphasizes the need for awareness among clinicians to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.
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