Charged poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) [P(NiPAM-co-MAA)] microgels can stabilize thermo- and pH-sensitive emulsions. By placing charged units at different locations in the microgels and comparing the emulsion properties, we demonstrate that their behaviors as emulsion stabilizers are very different from molecular surfactants and rigid Pickering stabilizers. The results show that the stabilization of the emulsions is independent of electrostatic repulsion although the presence and location of charges are relevant. Apparently, the charges facilitate emulsion stabilization via the extent of swelling and deformability of the microgels. The stabilization of these emulsions is linked to the swelling and structure of the microgels at the oil–water interface, which depends not only on the presence of charged moieties and on solvent polarity but also on the microgel (core–shell) morphology. Therefore, the internal soft and porous structure of microgels is important, and these features make microgel-stabilized emulsions characteristically different from classical, rigid-particle-stabilized Pickering emulsions, the stability of which depends on the surface properties of the particles.
With its promise of decoupling economic growth from resource use, the Circular Economy is gaining momentum in policy and businesses. But to live up to this promise, the gap between intention and implementation must be negotiated.
Population Medicine considers the following types of articles:• Research Papers -reports of data from original research or secondary dataset analyses.• Review Papers -comprehensive, authoritative, reviews within the journal's scope.These include both systematic reviews and narrative reviews.• Short Reports -brief reports of data from original research.• Policy Case Studies -brief articles on policy development at a regional or national level.• Study Protocols -articles describing a research protocol of a study.• Methodology Papers -papers that present different methodological approaches that can be used to investigate problems in a relevant scientific field and to encourage innovation.• Methodology Papers -papers that present different methodological approaches that can be used to investigate problems in a relevant scientific field and to encourage innovation.
Antimuslimischer Alltagsrassismus zeigt sich häufig im Latenten und Unbewussten. Als Teil orientalistischer Wissensumwelten, die Muslim*innen als »Andere« markieren, entfalten sich rassistische Erzählungen dabei zunehmend auch in aufgeklärten Milieus. Doch wie lässt sich latenter Rassismus konkret benennen - und: Wenn jenes »Wissen« uns alle umgibt, ist ein Sprechen jenseits rassistischer Zuschreibungen überhaupt möglich? Sabrina Schmidt rekonstruiert die vielfältigen Formen rassistischer Diskurs- und Argumentationspraxen und liefert so ein umfassendes Verständnis der Funktionsweise eines kommunikativen Alltagsrassismus, wie er vor allem von Personen der gesellschaftlichen Mitte realisiert wird.
Methanol dehydrogenase-like protein XoxF of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 exhibits a sequence identity of 50 % to the catalytic subunit MxaF of periplasmic methanol dehydrogenase in the same organism. The latter has been characterized in detail, identified as a pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent protein, and shown to be essential for growth in the presence of methanol in this methylotrophic model bacterium. In contrast, the function of XoxF in M. extorquens AM1 has not yet been elucidated, and a phenotype remained to be described for a xoxF mutant. Here, we found that a xoxF mutant is less competitive than the wild-type during colonization of the phyllosphere of Arabidopsis thaliana, indicating a function for XoxF during plant colonization. A comparison of the growth parameters of the M. extorquens AM1 xoxF mutant with those of the wild-type during exponential growth revealed a reduced methanol uptake rate and a reduced growth rate for the xoxF mutant of about 30 %. Experiments with cells starved for carbon revealed that methanol oxidation in the xoxF mutant occurs less rapidly compared with the wild-type, especially in the first minutes after methanol addition. A distinct phenotype for the xoxF mutant was also observed when formate and CO(2) production were measured after the addition of methanol or formaldehyde to starved cells. The wild-type, but not the xoxF mutant, accumulated formate upon substrate addition and had a 1 h lag in CO(2) production under the experimental conditions. Determination of the kinetic properties of the purified enzyme showed a conversion capacity for both formaldehyde and methanol. The results suggest that XoxF is involved in one-carbon metabolism in M. extorquens AM1.
ABSTRACT Purpose This study aimed to examine the motivational regulations of secondary school teachers to use classroom-based physical activity (CBPA). Methods A total of 148 secondary school teachers (response rate, 34%) completed a survey including the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire ( α = 0.79–0.92), the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory perceived competence ( α = 0.85) and perceived autonomy ( α = 0.86) subscales, and the perceived relatedness with students scale ( α = 0.93). Results English, Norwegian, and mathematics CBPA were used by 13%, 26%, and 22% of respondents, respectively. Thirty-seven percent of the teachers reported using in-class physically active breaks one to four times a week or daily. There was a positive correlation between teachers’ perception of autonomy, competence, relatedness with students, and self-determined regulations for applying CBPA. A stepwise regression analysis showed that identified regulation for CBPA and perceived competence explained 31% of the likelihood of using CBPA in future teaching. Conclusion To improve rates of teachers using CBPA on a regular basis in secondary school, implementers need to focus on strengthening teachers’ personal held values about and perceived competence for using CBPA.
Die Implementierung eines Qualitätsmanagementsystems in einer Einrichtung der Sozialen Arbeit ruft Befürworter_innen wie Kritiker_-innen auf den Plan. Der Beitrag nimmt die Perspektive der Fachkräfte in den Blick und erfragt, wie sie das Arbeiten in einer Einrichtung erleben, die nach der Normenreihe DIN EN ISO 9001 zertifiziert ist.
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