Govind KC

A field experiment was conducted during rainy season of 2003 and 2004 in farmers' field of Dang district (650 masl) to assess the yield loss caused by violet wood sorrel (Oxalis corymbosa Dc) for maize (Zea mays) and to work out effective measure to control this weed. Violet wood sorrel (Chari Amilo) infestation was observed in maize, ginger, and Toria fields of Dang and Salyan districts as well as various mid hilly areas of Nepal. The weed once introduced in uplands, spreads in large scale within few years. Six treatments, comprising 2,4-D Na salt 2 kg/ha, Glyphosate 2 l/ha, Soil digging, turning and expose to sun two months prior to maize sowing were compared with weed free, weed free except Oxalis and weedy check plots. The presence of violet wood sorrel (VWS) in maize field ranging from 38 to 352.3 per square meter in 2003 and 18.6 to 195.5 per square meter in 2004 one month after intercultural operation does not cause significant effect on maize grain yield, 4297 to 4694 kg/ha in 2003 and 3751.4 to 4473.6 kg/ha in 2004 respectively. Thus significant loss in maize grain yield was not found due to higher VWS weed population (352.3 and 195.5/m2) resulted in weedy check treatment and lower weed population (38 and 18.6/m2) in herbicide applied treatment. Repeated application of herbicides at 17 and 37 days after maize sowing (DAMS) both 2,4-D and Glyphosate reduced the weed population in maize field but could not eradicate as it appears in next year but the population was significantly low (59.5 and 65.3/m2) in herbicide applied plots compared to weedy check plot (322.6/m2) at 26 DAMS. It was revealed that presence of violet wood sorrel weed in maize field does not affect the grain yield in farmer's practice of weeding i.e. intercultural operation at 20 to 30 DAMS. Nepal Agric. Res. J. Vol. 8, 2007, pp. 38-41DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/narj.v8i0.11577

10.3126/narj.v8i0.11577

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Performance evaluation of quality protein maize genotypes across various maize production agro ecologies of Nepal

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2015)

Jiban Shrestha Keshab Babu Koirala Ram Bahadur Katuwal Narayan Bahadur Dhami Bhanu B Pokhrel

To identify superior quality protein maize genotypes for grain yield under different agro climatic conditions of terai and hill districts in Nepal, the coordinated varietal trials (CVT) were conducted at Dailekh, Doti, Salyan, Lumle and Pakhribas in 2013 and Salyan, Pakhribas and Kabre in 2014 during summer season and coordinated farmer’s field trials (CFFT) at Surkhet and Dailekh in 2013 and Salyan, Pakhribas and Khumaltar in 2014 during summer season. The experiment was carried out using randomized complete block design with three replications for CVT and CFFT. Across the locations and years the superior genotypes found under CVT were S01SIYQ, S01SIWQ-2 and Poshilo Makai-1 where as S99TLYQ-HG-AB, S99TLYQ-B and Poshilo Makai-1 were found superior genotypes under CFFT. The superior genotypes derived from CFFT will be promoted further for similar environments across the country. Journal of Maize Research and Development (2015) 1(1):21-27 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34282

10.5281/zenodo.34282

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Tillage and planting density affect the performance of maize hybrids in Chitwan, Nepal

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2015)

Tika Karki Govind KC Jiban Shrestha Jitendra P Jadav

To find out whether the different tillage methods at different planting densities affect the performance of maize hybrids, an experiment was carried out at National Maize Research Program, Rampur during spring season of 2013 and 2014. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design with three replications having 12 treatments. The vertical factor was tillage with conservation tillage (No Tillage + residue=NT) and conventional tillage (CT) and the horizontal factor were genotypes (Rampur Hybrid-2 and RML-32/RML-17) and in split planting geometries (75cm × 25cm =53333 plants/ha, 70cm × 25cm=57142 plant/ha and 60cm ×25cm= 66666 plants/ha). In both the years, the highest number of cobs (73,177 and 67638/ha) was recorded at planting density of 66666/ha. NT had the highest no of kernel rows/cob (14.01) as against 12.12 in CT in 2014. The highest number of kernels (27.3 and 29.29) per row was recorded in NT during 2013 and 2014 respectively. Similarly, in 2014, the highest number of kernels were found in RML-32/RMl-17 (29.17/row) and planting density of 53333/ha (28.46/row). In 2013, RML-32/RML-17 produced the highest test weight of 363.94g over the Rampur hybrid-2 with 362.17g. Significantly the highest grain yield of 9240.00 kg/ha in 2013 and 7459.80 kg/ha in 2014 at planting geometry of 65cm ×25cm were recorded. No effects was found by tillage methods for grain yields of maize in 2013, but was found in 2014 (7012.18 kg in NT compared to 6037.59 kg/ha in CT). NT and wider spaced crop matured earlier in both the years; however Rampur hybrid-2 matured earlier to RML-32/RML-17 in 2013. In 2014, harvest index of 47.85 % was recorded in planting geometry of 66666/ha, the highest benefit cost ratio of 1.36 was worked out in NT and 1.46 at the density of 66666/ha. The highest value of 2.46% of soil organic matter was recorded in NT as compared to 2.43% in CT.Journal of Maize Research and Development (2015) 1(1):10-20DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34285

Affect

10.5281/zenodo.34285

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Status and prospects of maize research in Nepal

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2015)

Govind KC Tika Bahadur Karki Jiban Shrestha Buddhi B Achhami

10.5281/zenodo.34257

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Performance evaluation of quality protein maize genotypes across various maize production agro ecologies of Nepal

Journal of Maize Research and Development (2015)

Jiban Shrestha Keshab Babu Koirala Ram Bahadur Katuwal Narayan Bahadur Dhami Bhanu B Pokhrel

To identify superior quality protein maize genotypes for grain yield under different agro climatic conditions of terai and hill districts in Nepal, the coordinated varietal trials (CVT) were conducted at Dailekh, Doti, Salyan, Lumle and Pakhribas in 2013 and Salyan, Pakhribas and Kabre in 2014 during summer season and coordinated farmer’s field trials (CFFT) at Surkhet and Dailekh in 2013 and Salyan, Pakhribas and Khumaltar in 2014 during summer season. The experiment was carried out using randomized complete block design with three replications for CVT and CFFT. Across the locations and years the superior genotypes found under CVT were S01SIYQ, S01SIWQ-2 and Poshilo Makai-1 where as S99TLYQ-HG-AB, S99TLYQ-B and Poshilo Makai-1 were found superior genotypes under CFFT. The superior genotypes derived from CFFT will be promoted further for similar environments across the country.Journal of Maize Research and Development (2015) 1(1):21-27DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34282

Growing season

Field trial

10.3126/jmrd.v1i1.14241

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Status and prospects of maize research in Nepal

Journal of Maize Research and Development (2015)

Govind KC Tika Bahadur Karki Jiban Shrestha Buddhi B Achhami

Food and nutritional securities are the major threats coupled with declining factor productivity and climate change effects in Nepal. Maize being the principal food crops of the majority of the hill people and source of animal feed for ever growing livestock industries in Terai of Nepal. Despite the many efforts made to increase the maize productivity in the country, the results are not much encouraging. Many of the maize based technologies developed and recommended for the farmers to date are not fully adopted. Therefore, problem is either on technology development or on dissemination or on both. Considering the above facts, some of the innovative and modern approaches of plant breeding and crop management technologies to increase the maize yield need to be developed and disseminated. There is a need for location-specific maize production technologies, especially for lowland winter maize, marginal upland maize production system, and resource poor farmers. Research efforts can be targeted to address both yield potential and on-farm yields by reducing the impacts of abiotic and biotic constraints. Therefore, in order to streamline the future direction of maize research in Nepal, an attempt has been made in this article to highlight the present status and future prospects with few key pathways.Journal of Maize Research and Development (2015) 1(1):1-9DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34284

Staple food

Emerging Technologies

10.3126/jmrd.v1i1.14239

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Evaluation of maize genotypes for Turcicum leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum) in Terai and inner terai of Nepal

Journal of Maize Research and Development (2016)

Tirtha Raj Rijal Govind KC K. B. Koirala Jiban Shrestha

Thirty maize genotypes in 2014-2015 at Dumarwana, Nijgadh, Keureni and Rampur and ten genotypes in 2015-2016 at Anandpur, Shitalnagar, Dumarwana, Nijgadh and Rampur were evaluated for resistance to Turcicum leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum) under farmers field conditions. The scale used for disease severity ranged from 1-5 scale based on the proportionate leaf area affected by the disease. The combined analysis over locations in 2014-2015 showed that among the 30 genotypes 25 genotypes were resistant (1.0-2.0 scale), and 5 genotypes were moderately resistant (2.1-3.0 scale). Similarly the pooled analysis over locations in 2015-2016 showed that 7 genotypes were resistant (1.0-2.0 scale) and 3 genotypes were moderately resistant (2.1-3.0 scale). The maize genotypes namely Z376-26, Z478-3, Z433-99, Z464-5, Z478-2, Z466-1, CAH1513, RML-95/RML-96, CAH1515, CAH1521, CAH1515, CAH151, CAH153, ZH114228 , Z376-9, Z466-3, Z376-5, RML-32/RML-17, RML-86/RML-96 and 900MGold were resistant with disease severity scale of 1.5 and with higher grain yield in both the years. Thus above genotypes were identified as promising sources of resistance against E. turcicum and they can be used to develop disease resistant and high yielding varieties to enhance maize productivity in terai and inner terai of Nepal.

Exserohilum

10.3126/jmrd.v2i1.16221

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PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MAIZE HYBRIDS UNDER RAINFED ENVIRONMENTS ACROSS MIDDLE HILLS OF NEPAL

Tropical Agroecosystems (2020)

Keshab Babu Koirala Tirtha Raj Rijal Govind KC Ram Bahadur Katuwal Narayan Bahadur Dhami

Hybrid plays an important role in production and productivity increment of maize in potential pockets of middle hills. With an objective of identifying potential hybrids for middle hill environments, coordinated varietal trials on maize hybrids were conducted using randomized complete block design with three replications in various hill stations during summer of 2014/15 and 2015/16. During 2014/015, significant differences were recorded among the genotypes at Khumaltar and Pakhribas, where non-significant at Kabre for grain yield. Combined results of hill stations for grain yield revealed highly significant differences for genotypes, environments and, genotype by environment interactions indicating existence of variability among the tested genotypes at each site except at Kabre, and site specific nature of the tested hybrids was recorded. JM-8 produced the highest grain yield of 8356 kg ha-1 followed by RL-153/RL-105 (8006 kg ha-1), RML-95/RL-105 (7940 kg ha-1) and Khumal Hybrid-2 (7788 kg ha-1), respectively. In 2015/16, among the experimented hybrids highly significant grain yield differences were observed at Pakhribas and Khumaltar, and significant at Dailekh. Combined results over locations showed that RML-95/RL-197 (7365 kg ha-1) outyielded others and followed by RML-95/RL-105 (7010 kg ha-1), RML -151/RL-111 (6717 kg ha-1) and RML -87/RL-105 (6580 kg ha-1). Hybrids having higher grain yield in coordinated varietal trials will be promoted to Coordinated Farmers’ Field Trial on Hybrid and these hybrids might be the potential hybrids in future for potential pockets of middle hills of Nepal.

10.26480/taec.01.2020.43.49

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Tillage and planting density affect the performance of maize hybrids in Chitwan, Nepal

Journal of Maize Research and Development (2015)

Tika Karki Govind KC Jiban Shrestha Jitendra P Jadav

To find out whether the different tillage methods at different planting densities affect the performance of maize hybrids, an experiment was carried out at National Maize Research Program, Rampur during spring season of 2013 and 2014. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design with three replications having 12 treatments. The vertical factor was tillage with conservation tillage (No Tillage + residue=NT) and conventional tillage (CT) and the horizontal factor were genotypes (Rampur Hybrid-2 and RML-32/RML-17) and in split planting geometries (75cm × 25cm =53333 plants/ha, 70cm × 25cm=57142 plant/ha and 60cm ×25cm= 66666 plants/ha). In both the years, the highest number of cobs (73,177 and 67638/ha) was recorded at planting density of 66666/ha. NT had the highest no of kernel rows/cob (14.01) as against 12.12 in CT in 2014. The highest number of kernels (27.3 and 29.29) per row was recorded in NT during 2013 and 2014 respectively. Similarly, in 2014, the highest number of kernels were found in RML-32/RMl-17 (29.17/row) and planting density of 53333/ha (28.46/row). In 2013, RML-32/RML-17 produced the highest test weight of 363.94g over the Rampur hybrid-2 with 362.17g. Significantly the highest grain yield of 9240.00 kg/ha in 2013 and 7459.80 kg/ha in 2014 at planting geometry of 65cm ×25cm were recorded. No effects was found by tillage methods for grain yields of maize in 2013, but was found in 2014 (7012.18 kg in NT compared to 6037.59 kg/ha in CT). NT and wider spaced crop matured earlier in both the years; however Rampur hybrid-2 matured earlier to RML-32/RML-17 in 2013. In 2014, harvest index of 47.85 % was recorded in planting geometry of 66666/ha, the highest benefit cost ratio of 1.36 was worked out in NT and 1.46 at the density of 66666/ha. The highest value of 2.46% of soil organic matter was recorded in NT as compared to 2.43% in CT.Journal of Maize Research and Development (2015) 1(1):10-20DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34285

Conventional tillage

10.3126/jmrd.v1i1.14240

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Status and prospects of maize research in Nepal

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2015)

Govind KC Tika Bahadur Karki Jiban Shrestha Buddhi B Achhami

Food and nutritional securities are the major threats coupled with declining factor productivity and climate change effects in Nepal. Maize being the principal food crops of the majority of the hill people and source of animal feed for ever growing livestock industries in Terai of Nepal. Despite the many efforts made to increase the maize productivity in the country, the results are not much encouraging. Many of the maize based technologies developed and recommended for the farmers to date are not fully adopted. Therefore, problem is either on technology development or on dissemination or on both. Considering the above facts, some of the innovative and modern approaches of plant breeding and crop management technologies to increase the maize yield need to be developed and disseminated. There is a need for location-specific maize production technologies, especially for lowland winter maize, marginal upland maize production system, and resource poor farmers. Research efforts can be targeted to address both yield potential and on-farm yields by reducing the impacts of abiotic and biotic constraints. Therefore, in order to streamline the future direction of maize research in Nepal, an attempt has been made in this article to highlight the present status and future prospects with few key pathways.Journal of Maize Research and Development (2015) 1(1):1-9DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34284

10.5281/zenodo.34284

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