Construction site is dangerous by its nature and are prone to accidents. Extensive efforts have previously been taken in order to minimise its risk. By providing adequate budget for safety requirements during tendering, it will help to concern more about the safety. This research proposes to look into the level of awareness among construction players regarding the adequacy of safety and health requirements on site during construction stage that lead to non-compliance of safety and health regulations. Objective of this research is to identify the level of awareness among construction layers and to recommend the awareness improvement towards safety and health requirements on construction site. The data for this research will be collected via questionnaires which were distributed to the Class A contractors registered with PKK in Perak. Descriptive statistic will be used to analyse the data. The results will indicate the level of awareness of the different parties in order to resolve the problem of the inadequacy of the construction site safety and health requirements.
Construction sector is one of the highest risk industries contributing to the development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. In general construction activities involve the composition of various construction trades, such as painting, plastering, concreting, paving and bricklaying. Different construction trades workers are exposed to risk factors depending on their job and task. Construction workers perform many physically demanding task including cleaning and preparing construction sites, digging trenches, operating power tools, bending machines, loading and unloading building materials and mixing and placing concrete. These activities expose workers to ergonomic risk factors (ERFs) such as awkward posture, repetitive motions, frequent heavy lifting and hand, arm and whole-body vibration which finally were affected the body muscle. Thus, this study was conducted among construction trade workers in particulars of concreters with the objective to identify the critical task or activities that affect the muscle of the body that is associated with the ERFs. The data for this research was collected via observation to the construction workers for the specific trades which involved concreters in Klang Valley. The finding of this research revealed that ERF (i.e. repetitive movement, awkward posture, and physical contact stress) associated with concreters' work is one of the major contributors of muscular disorders to the concrete body. These factors greatly affected the body muscle, nerves and tissue of the neck, shoulder, upper and lower back, upper and lower limbs and other parts of the body.
Public Private Partnership (PPP) is conceptualised as a performance-based procurement in which concessionaires are contracted to provide efficient facilities and services to the government. The quality of the facilities and services provided by the concessionaires will be assessed using key performance indicators (KPIs). This is for determining the
level of performance against the agreed level of standards as expected by the government. However, most of the PPP projects are currently facing the difficulties in meeting the expectation. It is due to several issues such as lack of methods for measuring the KPIs, the lack of understanding of the KPI implementation, project performance not
reflecting the actual performance (physical) on site, the absence of a weightage system on KPIs, and inconsistent of works performance. These shortcomings have led to the
difficulty in determining the performance level of the PPP projects. Therefore, this research aims to develop a performance measurement tool (PMT) for assessing the
operational performance of PPP projects in Malaysia. Towards this end, the study sought to achieve the following objectives: (i) to identify the important criteria for
selecting KPIs; (ii) to investigate the implementation of KPIs in measuring the operational performance of PPP projects; (iii) to determine the relative importance weight for KPIs and (iv) to develop and validate a KPI-based method performance measurement tool for PPP projects. Two methods of empirical research using case studies (semi-structured interviews) and questionnaires via the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method were conducted within PPP stakeholders. The important criteria and appropriate KPIs were determined from the data obtained from 32 semi-structured interviews conducted across six case studies. The KPIs were subsequently prioritised according to the assigned weight attained from the AHP method. Nineteen experts of PPP project participated in the rating process. Subsequently, a performance measurement tool was developed based on the findings from both the qualitative and quantitative approaches and were validated by seven (7) PPP/FM/KPI experts in the Malaysian construction industry. The results indicate 11 important criteria to be considered when establishing the KPIs for PPP projects. The analysis also identified
36 sub-dimensions which are categorised under seven (7) elements of dimensions such as operational element, mechanical, electrical, telecommunication, civil, structural and architectural, landscape and ground and pest control and wildlife control. These KPIs, which were prioritised through the AHP process, are therefore determined as the most important KPIs that have a greater impact on project operations. The AHP results prioritised seven (7) KPIs (dimensions) based on the assigned weight namely
mechanical, electrical, operational element, civil, structural and architectural, telecommunication, landscape and ground, and pest control and wildlife control. The
proposed performance measurement tool for PPP projects (3Ps-PMT) can serve as an improved measure for assessing the operational performance of PPP projects through a
more systematic process. The 3Ps-PMT can be beneficial to the public sector (government agencies and end users) and the private sector (concessionaires and FM contractors) as PPP stakeholders.
A scenario of the Malaysian construction industry is moving towards the realisation of industrial revolution agenda 4.0. Thus, new technologies have been introduced to support the industry. However, specific tasks still required labours to perform the work. The use of labour is a primary factor in the production of a building. Nevertheless, the difficulties to employ local skilled workers to meet the industry demand is significance. Although there are many Technical and Vocational Education Training (TVET) institutions that produce graduates in the field of construction related course, nonetheless, some of them are reluctant to join the construction sector because of the 3D’s (dirty, dangerous and difficult) environment of the industry. Consequently, most of the employer tend to hire unskilled foreign workers in their projects. This shortage of local labour has become one of the factors that affect the development of this country. Thus, it is vital to identify the number of local skilled construction workers available at construction sites and to determine the current labour issues at construction sites. The semi-structured interview has been conducted with the site supervisors at five random construction sites. The data was analysed using a qualitative software (i.e Atlas.ti@8).Four issues that are related to hiring of local skilled labour in construction project; as local labours request for higher wages, demand to work at the supervisory level, incompliance with industry regulations and the employers’ expectation of high skills and experience from the labour. The outcomes of this paper can serve as a foundation for the construction stakeholders in addressing the problems of labour shortage in Malaysia.
Playing is vital component for development of children in the sense of affective, psychomotor, cognitive, social interaction and creativity. All children including those with disabilities have the rights to experience play for their development. However, children with disabilities often face problems at public playgrounds, entertainment and amusement areas, due to the lack of ample provisions to cater to their special needs. Nowadays, many studies and debates among researchers regarding the importance of the children playground design have been conducted, however, ‘inclusive’ design in the children playground seems to be the exception rather than the rule. Inclusive playgrounds should be designed to provide a safe place where children of all abilities can play together, and are developmentally appropriate for children with and without disabilities. Therefore, this article is aims to describes the challenges faced in implementing Universal Design on children public playground. A scoping review method on the recent literature of inclusive play space and universal design was used to explore, locating, analysing and summarising the research findings on the nominated topic. A limited range of scoping reviews was identified, and a summary of their results were presented in two major themes. Due to limited available literature on the particular topic, the article may not able to provide a high level of rigour as systematic reviews but it generally helps to provide an overview on the research area and provide a timely summary of current evidence that can be used to encourage construction professional practitioner in incorporating Universal Design in children public playground. The outcomes of this paper can serve as a theoretical base for the development of model designed to ensure that above all, children with disabilities would have the right to play in these inclusive playgrounds safely and thus contribute to Malaysia's social sustainability and development.
Adaptive re-use of historic buildings is a process of changing the original function of the historic buildings to another function that can optimise the use of existing historic buildings. The selection of appropriate new function is an important factor in determining the success of adaptive re-use of historic buildings. However, adaptive re-use work done on historic buildings on the World Heritage Site is not an easy task due to rules and principles outlined by local and international charters that must be abide by. This research is conducted to gather the true picture of applied adaptive re-use principles that has been done on heritage hotels available in Melaka and George Town World Heritage Sites. This research is started with an inventory that led to the discovery of 35 hotels which applied the principle of adaptive re-use of historic buildings. Based on this finding, 4 historic hotels from adaptive re-use applications have been selected as the case studies. Results of the case studies carried out show that the level of conservation of heritage hotel is moderate and measures of control should be taken to ensure the privileges of heritage hotel. As a result of this research, a number of suggestions are made to ensure that adaptive re-use work done in the future will be conducted as optimum as possible according to the adaptive re-use and conservation principles.
A green building focuses on increasing the efficiency of resources in term of energy, water and materials, while at the same time reducing the building impact on human health and the environment during the building’s lifecycle. Green buildings are significant in operational savings and are able to increase workplace productivity. There are 909 registered green buildings project up to September 2019 in Malaysia. However, previous research indicated the success of green building in term of its performance is still in doubt and very much speculative. In fact, there have also been reports saying that green building fails to perform appropriately. Unfortunately, up until now there are no standard performance criteria and performance parameters to measure the green building performance in Malaysia. Thus, the aim of this paper is to present the findings of the research which identify the performance criteria and parameters of Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) for green building in Malaysia. Fifteen (15) performance criteria and thirty-five (35) parameters were identified from the literature and validated by green building experts by using Content Validity Index. The finding identifies eleven (11) performance criteria and twenty-six (26) performance criteria to measure the green building performance through POE. The findings from this research may turn as a new knowledge which identifies the performance criteria and performance parameters to conduct Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) for green building in Malaysia. Thus, government or private developer can use these performance criteria and performance parameters to measure their green building performance. This research was conducted within the context of Malaysian construction industry, thus, it cannot be generalised to other countries.
Private Finance Initiative (PFI) is viewed as restructuring the previous privatisation concept in delivering value for money for the Malaysian public infrastructure. Among the restructuring efforts in the privatisation is specifying the standard assessment of private concessionaires' performance through the execution of key performance indicators (KPIs) where the private concessionaires' performance is benchmarked against the government's standard. KPIs have served as useful tools in assessing performance of PFI projects. However, there is still lacking on determination methods performed to define and measure this KPIs and the absence of guidelines or a framework is also an issue in the implementation of the PFI procurement in Malaysia. Therefore, the objectives of this paper is to investigate the notion of performance assessment model approaches globally (i.e. UK, China, Australia, Serbia and Malaysia) and to identify direction for PFI performance assessment tools (KPIs) to be practiced in Malaysia. Based on the consideration of these models, this research paper propose an initial framework of performance assessment for PFI projects in Malaysia. The framework is deliberate to cover the performance of PFI at the operation and maintenance phase. The outcomes of this paper can serve as a theoretical base for the development of comprehensive and effective performance assessment for PFI projects in Malaysia.
The purpose of this paper is to give a conceptual overview of ergonomics in construction industry. The objective is to
give a preliminary introduction and definition of ergonomics as applied in the construction industry. The study will include a brief introduction to the Malaysian construction industry, the history of ergonomics as well as the trades that are related to ergonomics in the construction process. The paper will also cover the result of ergonomics application in managing the effects of Musculoskeletal Disorders amongst construction workers. Ultimately, it is hoped that this research paper will be able to contribute towards a better understanding of an ergonomics overview in the construction industry.
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