To evaluate the clinical value of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique in diagnosis of bone tuberculosis.PCR, standard light-microscopy and standard culture technique were used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis in samples obtained from 60 patients with bone tuberculosis and 20 patients without bone tuberculosis. In the meantime, some factors affecting PCR result were analysed and methods to deal with them were discussed.In the group of 60 patients with bone tuberculosis, the positive rate was 83% in PCR technique, 3% in standard light-microscope technique and 7% in the standard culture technique. A statistically obvious difference was seen (P < 0.005). In the group of 20 patients without bone tuberculosis, 2 cases showed positive in PCR technique, none in the other methods. Specificity of PCR technique in a blind comparison study indicated 100%. The whole process of PCR amplification is fully automatic and can be finished within several hours, and the detection time is considerably reduced.PCR technique is a rapid, specific, sensitive and simple method for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in sample of bone tuberculosis, and it is of great value in the diagnosis of bone tuberculosis and differentiating bone tuberculosis from other bone diseases.
Objective:To explore the influence on the prognosis of parturients with hepatitis gravis in pregnancy caused by delivery mode.Methods:60 cases of hepatitis gravis in pregnancy between 1994 and 2007 were looked back to.They were devided into vaginal birth group(22 cases),caesarean section group(20 cases) and caesarean section plus hysterectomy group(18 cases) based on delivery mode.The situation before and after delivery and the mortality were compared among the three groups using analysis of variance,Chi-sqare test,fisher′s exact test and rank sum test.Results:There was no significant difference in serum total bilirubin,serum cholesterol,plasma thromboplastin activity,serum creatine,serum cholinesterase,the incidence of hepato-renal syndrome and hepatic encephalopathy among the three groups before delivery.After delivery there was no significant difference in serum cholesterol,serum cholinesterase,and the incidence of hepatic encephalopathy among the three groups.After delivery there was no significant difference in serum total bilirubin,plasma thromboplastin activity,serum creatine,incidence of hepato-renal syndrome,postpartum hemorrhage,puerperal infection and mortality between vaginal birth group and caesarean section group,but there were both significant difference in all the indexes above between vaginal birth group or caesarean section group and caesarean section plus hysterectomy group.Conclusion:Caesarean section plus hysterectomy is the better delivery mode for parturients with hepatitis gravis in pregnancy.
Enhancing the practical properties of PE teacher education and improving the professional practical abilities of expectant PE teacher substan-tially could be regarded as the central question and greatest primary task of PE teacher educational reform in China. In this paper,the sign,essence and root cause for the lack of professional practical abilities of the student teachers were fully expounded. The practical properties of PE teachers were analyzed from the perspective of praxis philosophy and then the regularity and trend of the PE teacher education were discussed. Finally,the paper puts forward several sustainable strategies on how to enhance the practical properties of PE teacher education. It is necessary to create US teacher professional community to form delicate system and mechanism on cooperating to raise PE teacher;to build all-way practice teaching cultivation model so as to promote the students teachers' field study institutionalized and normalized;to attach great importance both to the knowledge learning and practice ability in the teaching of discipline theory,oriented towards professional practical abilities;transcend empirical and technological practice outlook and strengthen reflective practice under the direction of scientific theory,and so forth.
Objective To compare the clinical effects and hemodynamic responses to tracheal intubation with Airtraq laryngoscopy and Macintosh laryngoscopy.Methods Ninety ASAⅠ~Ⅱ patients scheduled for elective plastic surgery under general anesthesia were prospective randomized allocated into 2 groups(n = 45 for each): the Airtraq laryngoscopy group(group A) and the Macintosh laryngoscopy group(group M).After rapid intravenous induction,the patients in each group were orally intubated with Airtraq laryngoscope or Macintosh laryngoscopy respectively.In group A and M,glottic exposure view,intubation time,success rate,postoperative complications and haemodynamics changes were recorded.And the changes of systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),heart rate(HR),and rate-pressure-product(RPP) were also recorded before anesthesia induction,after anesthesia induction,during intubation,and intubation after 1 minute,3 minutes,5 minutes.Results By the Cormack′s classification,all the patients in group A had the laryngeal exposure of grade I,while 5 patients in group M had grade Ⅱ and 1 patient had grade Ⅲ.The first time intubation probability of success was 95.6%,in group A and was 86.7% in group M.And the second time intubation probability of success was 100% in group A and was 97.8% in group M.Epiglottis exposure time,intubation time in group A(14.4±6.5 s、32.7±12.3 s) were significantly long than that in group M(7.7±3.6 s、24.9±6.3 s)(P0.05).The hemodynamic parameters(SBP,DBP,HR,and RPP)after anesthesia induction had remarkable decrease compared with those before anesthesia induction in two groups.Compared with after anesthesia induction,there were no significant changes of the hemodynamic parameters during intubation,and intubation after certain minutes in group A(P0.05).Compared with after anesthesia induction,there were a remarkable increase of HR and RPP during intubation,and intubation after certain minutes in group A(P0.05).Conclusion Compared with Macintosh laryngoscopy,Airtraq laryngoscopy achieved a better glottic exposure view,increased the first time intubation probability of success,and released the haemodynamics changes,but lengthen the intubation time significantly.
Based on Brown and Levinson's Face Theory, this study tries to analyze to what extent high school English teachers take students' face into consideration during teacher-student interaction by observing the video of an open class.The findings suggest that teachers should use Face Theory to examine their interactions with their students, pay attention to students' face wants, and use some common politeness strategies when students' face are threatened.
Objective To observe the intubation effects on steel-reinforced trachea tube and normal trachea tube with Airtraq laryngoscopy.Methods Ninety ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ general anesthesia patients scheduled for selective plastic surgery were randomized into 2 groups(n=45 for each): the steel-reinforced trachea tube group(group A) and normal trachea tube group(group B).After rapid intravenous induction,the patients in each group were orally intubated with Airtraq laryngoscope.Intubation time,success rate at the first intubation,hemodynamics during intubation and postoperative complications were recorded.Results All patients were intubated successfully.The success rate at the first intubation in group B(91.1%)was lower than group A(95.6%)(P0.05).The intubation time in group B[(35.4±16.6)s] was significantly longer than group A[(26.8±9.0) s](P0.05).No significant difference was found with respect to hemodynamics and postoperative complication.Conclusion Airtraq laryngoscopy can be safely used in tracheal intubation under general anesthesia.Airtraq laryngoscopy via steel-reinforced trachea tube can increase intubation success rate and shorten intubation time.
Objective The aim is to assess the clinical features and angiographical characteristics of female patients with variant angina.Methods We analysed the clinical datas of 185 patients with variant angina retrospectively,compared the differences of female and male in the aspects of risk factors,clinical features and angiographical characteristics.Results Variant angina is uncommon in women(13.0%),compared with male,the female patients had less history of smoking(12.5% VS 81.4%,P0.001),more family history of coronary artery disease(33.3% VS 11.2%,P0.01),and more occurrence of ventricular fibrillation(12.5% VS 2.5%,P0.05).There were no other differences between the 2 groups.Conclusion Chinese female patients with variant angina had the characteristics of less history of smoking,more family history of coronary artery disease and more occurrence of ventricular fibrillation.
Purpose:This study was launched to classify subjects of the CSF examination and improve early diagnosis of meningitis and its treatment in children who have had a first febrile seizure. Methods:From March 1995 to September 2003, children aged 3 months to 5 years who had had treatment for febrile seizure were analyzed as to their age at first seizure, type of seizure, CSF examination, and prevalence of meningitis. Results:The largest age group distribution among the 780 children was 356(45.6%) children who were under 18 months. One hundred ninteen(15.3%) patients received the CSF examination, and out of those 68(19.1%) were less than 18 months old. Twenty five(3.2%) children were diagnosed with meningitis; those less than 18 months old were 15(4.2%). Two(0.2%) were diagnosed as bacterial meningitis. Out of 780 patients 599(76.8%) were simple febrile seizure patients. Out of 32(5.3%) who received the CSF examination, nine were diagnosed as meningitis. In complex febrile seizure, 86(52.1 %) out of 165(21.2%) received CSF examinations and 16(9.7%) of those were diagnosed as meningitis. Thus, there was a higher prevalence of meningitis in children presenting complex febrile seizure. Conclusion:To diagnose meningitis with the CSF examination in the first febrile seizure, the patient's general condition, such as clinical symptoms and types of seizure, are more important than the ages of the patients. We suggest that experienced physicians should be concerned with doing an early diagnosis of meningitis and thus reduce the number of CSF examinations of children with febrile seizures. Purpose:This study was launched to classify subjects of the CSF examination and improve early diagnosis of meningitis and its treatment in children who have had a first febrile seizure. Methods:From March 1995 to September 2003, children aged 3 months to 5 years who had had treatment for febrile seizure were analyzed as to their age at first seizure, type of seizure, CSF examination, and prevalence of meningitis. Results:The largest age group distribution among the 780 children was 356(45.6%) children who were under 18 months. One hundred ninteen(15.3%) patients received the CSF examination, and out of those 68(19.1%) were less than 18 months old. Twenty five(3.2%) children were diagnosed with meningitis; those less than 18 months old were 15(4.2%). Two(0.2%) were diagnosed as bacterial meningitis. Out of 780 patients 599(76.8%) were simple febrile seizure patients. Out of 32(5.3%) who received the CSF examination, nine were diagnosed as meningitis. In complex febrile seizure, 86(52.1 %) out of 165(21.2%) received CSF examinations and 16(9.7%) of those were diagnosed as meningitis. Thus, there was a higher prevalence of meningitis in children presenting complex febrile seizure. Conclusion:To diagnose meningitis with the CSF examination in the first febrile seizure, the patient's general condition, such as clinical symptoms and types of seizure, are more important than the ages of the patients. We suggest that experienced physicians should be concerned with doing an early diagnosis of meningitis and thus reduce the number of CSF examinations of children with febrile seizures.
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