In present study fifteen varieties of cotton (FH-114, Bt-121, SLH-336, Kirn, SLH Bt-6, Bt-666, CIM-595, FH-113, Bt-MK2, Bt-222, Bt-457, Bt-7, SLH-317 and Bt-986) were cultivated in research area of the Department of Plant Pathology University of Agriculture Faisalabad during 2012 to determine their genetic response against bacterial blight under randomized complete block design (RCBD). Results showed that none of variety showed immune response against disease while FH-114, Bt-121 and SLH-336 showed moderately resistance to bacterial blight with 15, 17 and 20% disease incidence respectively. While Kirn, SLH Bt-6, Bt-666, CIM-595, FH-113 and Bt-MK2 showed moderately susceptible behavior with (29-38%) disease incidence. The varieties SG-1, Bt-222, Bt-457, Bt-7, SLH-317 and Bt-986 showed highly susceptible response with (41-56%) disease incidence against the disease.
Five plant extracts and five chemicals were evaluated against Rhzioctonia solani in lab conditions under completely randomized design (CRD). In plant extracts maximum inhibition against the pathogen expressed by Azadirachta indica (71%) followed by Allium sativum (56%), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (48%), Allium cepa (41%) and Peganum harmala (34%) while in chemicals Moncerene (75.8%) showed significant results followed by Topsin-M (62%), Copper oxychloride (53%), Score (45%) and Shankar (41%) as compared to control. In greenhouse different concentrations of Moncerene and Azadirachta indica alone and their combination were evaluated against the black scurf disease of potato. Combine treatment of Moncerene x A. indica showed highest eyes germination (78%) followed by Moncerene (58%) and Azadirachta indica (62%). Minimum disease incidence % and severity was recorded on combine treatment of Moncerene X Azadirachta indica (8%, 1%) followed by Moncerene (19%, 1.2%) and Azadirachta indica (20%, 1.4%) respectively. Under field conditions same combine treatment of Moncerence X Azadirachta indica showed highest eyes germination (78%) with minimum disease incidence (8%) and severity (1%) as compared to Moncerene (56.6%, 12.4%, 2.4%0) and Azadirachta indica (51%, 12.2%, 2.4%) respectively. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) was applied in field conditions. All experiments were conducted in Research Area of Department of Plant pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad..
Objective: To find out the association between iron deficiency anemia and febrile seizures in children.Study Design: Analytical: case-control study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Paediatrics department, Pak Emirates MilitaryHospital Rawalpindi, from May 2013 till Oct 2013.Material and Methods: Two Hundred patients were selected through non probability consecutive sampling, onehundred in each group i.e. patients with febrile seizures and patients without febrile seizures. The blood sampleof cases and controls were taken at the time of admission and was sent for assessment of hemoglobin (Hb), serumferritin level, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Thesamples were analyzed for iron deficiency anemia and compared in both groups (patients with febrile seizuresand those without febrile seizures).Results: In the febrile seizures group 58 (58%) were anemic with a hemoglobin level less than 10gm/dL and59 (59%) had a low plasma ferritin of less than 10ng/dL. In the control group 39 (39%) were anemic with ahemoglobin level less than 10gm/dL and 26 (26%) had a plasma ferritin of less than 10ng/dL. The frequency ofanemia with low MCV, MCHC and serum ferritin was more in the febrile seizure group 38% as compared to 20%in controls (p-value = 0.002).Conclusion: The children with febrile seizures have lower hemoglobin, MCV, MCHC and serum ferritin level ascompared to the control groups suggesting that iron deficiency anemia has a positive role in the pathogenesis offebrile seizures.
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