The reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin with salicylaldehyde was carried out in ethanol and water-ethanol mixture (2:1 v/v) using conventional and microwave assisted methods.The reactions were explored leading to the formation of a single product in contrast to the two products formed usually, viz.3-(o-hydroxybenzal)-2,4-diketochroman and 3-[6-oxo(1)benzopyran (4,3-b)-(1) benzopyran-7-yl]-4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one.In addition to the exclusive formation of a single product, the time of reaction was reduced considerably.The products were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity and were found to exhibit good activity in comparison to the 4-hydroxycoumarin moiety.
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Objective:our In view of high degree of bioactivity shown by 4-hydroxycoumarin and the compounds derived from it, main aim was to carry out the synthesis of various structurally varied derivatives of 4-hydroxycoumarin and study the effect on their anti-cancer potential.Materials and methods: The reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin with aldehydes in water was accomplished in an environment friendly approach for the synthesis of biscoumarins.Substituted biscoumarins on treatment with DMSO/acetic anhydride reagent under different conditions lead to various furocoumarins and the related compounds.Synthesis of furocoumarins was also attempted under microwave irradiation conditions starting from 3-bromo-4-hydroxycoumarin. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against human cancer cell line (HeLa) using MTT assay.Synthesis of Results: twenty-two structurally varied derivatives of 4-hydroxycoumarin has been accomplished.All the synthesized compounds were found to have better activity in comparison to the parent 4-hydroxycoumarin moiety.The compoundsfound to exhibit good activity with an IC value below 100μM, the most 50 promising being the compound with an IC value of 55μM.The various products synthesized from (6b) 50 Conclusion: 4-hydroxycoumarin were found to have better activity in comparison to the starting compound.
The flowers of Artemisia dubia wall ex Bess., on hydrodistillation provided a refreshing violet-blue viscous essential oil with sweet woody odour. The oil was found to be a complex mixture of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and their esters. A total of 67 chemical constituents comprising 79.43 % of the oil were characterized with the help of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Major chemical constituents of the oil were characterized as nerylisovalerate (9.79 %), 1,8-cineole (8.32 %), neryl-2-methyl-butanoate (7.32 %), chamazulene (5.92 %), linalool (4.15 %), camphor (4.10 %), germacrene D (4.04 %), nerol (3.37 %), linalyl propionate (3.32 %). The investigations performed on the flower essential oil of A. dubia allowed the distinction of this plant growing in the temperate Kashmir region of western Himalayas from the same plant with different varieties growing in different parts of the world. The essential oil was evaluated for its antifungal activity against Candida species and was found to be active against the tested strains with more sensitivity against C. paropsilosis and C. krusei strains. The antioxidant activity evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay evidenced that the essential oil has moderate antioxidant activity. The antiproliferative ability of the oil was evaluated by MTT assay against the two cell lines A549 (human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells) and HCT-116 (human colon cancer cells). The essential oil effectively inhibits the growth of A549 and HCT-116 cancer cells at 62.5 and 31.25 μg/mL concentration, respectively.
Abstract Surface active ionic liquid (SAIL) micelle assisted, simultaneous and highly sensitive electrochemical sensing of dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA) is presented. Results presented herein establish that SAILs viz.1‐dodecyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium chloride ([DDMIM][Cl]), 1‐octyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium chloride ([OMIM][Cl]) and 1‐butyl‐3‐methyl imidazolium chloride ([BMIM][Cl]) exhibit a probe and SAIL nature/concentration specific impact on the redox behaviour of hydroquinone (H 2 Q), dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AA). To our observations, the electrochemical behaviour of DA and AA is affected oppositely by SAILs with the apparent effects being more appreciable in presence of [DDMIM][Cl]. In the presence of [DDMIM][Cl] micelles, the electro‐oxidation of AA was observed to occur at potentials about 350 mV less positive than required for electrooxidation of DA, an important advantage that minimises the interference of former in sensing of the later. The peak to peak potential separation of 350 mV observed in presence of [DDMIM][Cl] micelles is the largest to be reported so far. The DPV signal for DA and AA displayed a linear response in the concentration range of 6.6 to 99.9 μM and 6.6 to 131.5 μM respectively. Very low detection limits of 0.0161 μM for DA in presence of 39.8 μM AA and 0.0227 μM for AA in presence of 39.8 μM DA were estimated in micellar phase of [DDMIM][Cl].
Viscum album is the parasitic medicinal plant with multiple pharmacological activities belonging to family Loranthaceae. The plant is widely used as in adjunct in cancer chemotherapy in Europe and has other pharmacological properties like antiviral, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive. The present studies involves identification and characterisation of the phytochemical constituents from the hexane and methanolic extract of the plant by GC-MS analysis and determination of antioxidant potential of the methanolic extract of the plant from Populas alba host tree . Twenty seven and thirty five chemical constituents were identified from the hexane and methanolic extract respectively. The major constituents from the hexane extract are pentacosane, (6Z, 9Z)-cis-3,4-epoxy-nonadecadiene, palmitic acid, β-amyrin acetate¸ lupeol acetate, heneicosane and phytol.The major constituents from the methanolic extract include 2,3-Di-O-methyl-D-xylopyranose, monomethyl inositol, 4-O-methylmannose, 4-trichloroacetyloxyimino-2-carene. In addition to that the methanolic extract was subjected to antioxidant evaluation by DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. The study provides scientific evidence that the methanolic extract of Viscum album from Populous alba host tree have strong antioxidant properties.
Dimethyl sulphoxide as a reagent brings about N-methylthiomethylation and N,N/-methyl -thiomethylation in substituted barbituric acids. It converts 4-acetoxy coumarins to corresponding ylides and brings about methylene insertion in 1,6-naphtharidenes at reflux temperature.DMSO activated by trifluoro-aceticanhydride brings about formation of mono, bis and tris-sulphonic substituted derivatives when interacted with cyclo pentadiene and trimethylsilyl cyclopentadiene.This reagent converts 3-Nitro-4-hydroxy coumarins to salicylic acid in dichloromethane at low temperature.DMSO-acetic anhydride reagent converts enols to sulphur ylides, introduces methylthiomethyl group into phenols and oxidizes secondary alcohols to corresponding ketones. It brings about oxidative rearrangement in polyporic acid and converts 4-hydroxy coumarins and its 3-substituted derivatives into a wide range of products under different conditions.DMSO-SO3 pyridine complex in presence of triethyl amine oxidizes cis-diols to corresponding quinones.DMSO-activated by N-bromosuccinimide brings about methylation of alcohols and converts diols to their corresponding methylene-acetals.
The present study was attempted to examine the macronutrient status in the karewa soils of Jammu & Kashmir and their effect on chemical characteristics of saffron. The study was based on 7 soil samples (90 composite samples), collected at a depth of 0-100 cms. The selection of sample sites was made purposively after taking physicochemical composition of the area into consideration, so that the sampling site becomes the true representation of the region. The pH and electrical conductivity value decreases with respect to the sampling sites from one area to another area in the region. It may be responsible for the differences in the chemical characteristics of saffron in terms of its colour and aroma. The other components like Nitrogen and phosphrous organic matter concentration also depict variations across various sites from one area to another. The study shall be of great significance not only in understanding the agricultural resource base of the region but will also provide a new strategy to curb malnutrition which is prevalent in the area.
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