The Parental Bonding Instrument was administered to 49 schizophrenic out‐patients attending a depot injection clinic. Subjects were instructed to rate each of their parents as they remembered them in their first 16 years. Principal components analyses followed by orthogonal varimax rotations were performed separately for mothers and fathers. The results suggested that the instrument is measuring two dimensions of parental characteristics; namely, care and overprotection. The findings lend further support to the internal structure of the instrument. The implications of the results for the prediction of relapse in schizophrenics and the expressed emotion construct are discussed.
The psychometric and factor-analytic properties of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were investigated in an undergraduate university student sample and an adolescent inpatient psychiatric sample. Three factors were extracted from each sample and were comparable to those described by the originators of the scale. Reliability, concurrent validity, and construct validity estimates are also reported. The scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency in both samples. In terms of validity, the MSPSS correlated strongly with the Social Support Behaviors scale and showed little relationship to social desirability. As predicted, scores from the MSPSS correlated negatively with two separate measures of depression and positively with a self-concept measure. However, the strength of relationships between severity of depression and social support subscales differed between the two samples. The implications of these findings for the assessment of perceived social support and for future research are discussed.
The Residential Competency Scale, an 82-item questionnaire, was developed as a molecular measure for assessing the community living skills of expsychiatric patients in residential care settings. Over the course of its development, normative data were collected on a sample of 251 residents from 24 residential facilities, and critical analyses were performed to examine such aspects as the scale's internal consistency, factorial structure, reliability (both interrater and test-retest), concurrent validity, and discriminant validity. The results were quite favorable and indicate that the Residential Competency Scale is multidimensional, internally consistent, and reliable. In addition, the scale identifies instrumental and psychosocial aspects of community living skills and discriminates relapsers from nonrelapsers.
Background: The purpose of this study is to report on the cultural appropriateness of the 60-item Armenian version of the Family Assessment Device (FAD) among ethnic Armenian adolescents in the ethnically and religiously pluralist Lebanon. Method: A total of 558 Armenian adolescents in Grades 10, 11 and 12 completed the Armenian FAD scale and the Self-Family Closeness (SFC) scale in a randomized order. The internal consistencies and intercorrelations of the Armenian FAD domains were examined, as were their correlations with the SFC ratings. Results: The Armenian FAD and its General Functioning subscale showed excellent internal consistencies (α = 0.89 and α = 0.80, respectively), whereas the reliabilities were satisfactory for the family domains of Communication and Role functioning but less than satisfactory for the Affective Responsiveness , Problem Solving, Affective Involvement and Behaviour Control domains. The Armenian FAD scale and its subscales correlated with each other and with SFC ratings ( r = —0.55 for Armenian FAD scale; r = —0.57 for General Functioning), and showed sensitivity to gender differences, females reporting better family functioning than males. Conclusions: Overall, the findings support the cultural appropriateness of the 12-item Armenian FAD General Functioning subscale and its advantage over the 60-item scale. The findings also suggest the need to rethink the items of the four Armenian FAD domains with low internal consistencies for their increased cultural relevance in the case of Armenian adolescents in Lebanon.
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