N. B. Comerford

University of Hawaii System

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Eric J. Jokela

University of Florida

Daniel G. Neary

Rocky Mountain Research (United States)

Sabine Grunwald

University of Florida

Christine Bliss

University of Florida

N. F. de Barros

Universidade Federal de Viçosa

Wendell P. Cropper

University of Florida

Nairam Félix de Barros

Universidade Federal de Viçosa

J. A. Escamilla

Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla

Quintino Reis de Araújo

Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz

James B. Reeves

Texas State University

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University of Florida

Universidade Federal de Viçosa

Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation

Southwest Florida Research

US Forest Service

North Carolina State University

United States Department of Agriculture

Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz

Comissão Executiva do Plano da Lavoura Cacaueira

Virginia Tech

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Sorption and desorption of phosphate on biochar and biochar–soil mixtures

Soil Use and Management (2013)

Marina Moura Morales N. B. Comerford Iraê Amaral Guerrini Newton Paulo de Souza Falção J. B. Reeves

Abstract The term biochar refers to materials with diverse chemical, physical and physicochemical characteristics that have potential as a soil amendment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the P sorption/desorption properties of various slow biochars and one fast pyrolysis biochar and to determine how a fast pyrolysis biochar influences these properties in a degraded tropical soil. The fast pyrolysis biochar was a mixture of three separate biochars: sawdust, elephant grass and sugar cane leaves. Three other biochars were made by slow pyrolysis from three Amazonian tree species (Lacre, Ingá and Embaúba) at three temperatures of formation (400 °C, 500 °C, 600 °C). Inorganic P was added to develop sorption curves and then desorbed to develop desorption curves for all biochar situations. For the slow pyrolysis, the 600 ºC biochar had a reduced capacity to sorb P (4–10 times less) relative to those biochars formed at 400 °C and 500 °C. Conversely, biochar from Ingá desorbed the most P. The fast pyrolysis biochar, when mixed with degraded tropical mineral soil, decreased the soil's P sorption capacity by 55% presumably because of the high soluble, inorganic P prevalent in this biochar (909 mg P/kg of biochar). Phosphorus desorption from the fast pyrolysis biochar/soil mixture not only exhibited a common desorption curve but also buffered the soil solution at a value of ca. 0.2 mg/L. This study shows the diversity in P chemistry that can be expected when biochar is a soil amendment and suggests the potential to develop biochars with properties to meet specific objectives.

Amendment

Charcoal

Slash-and-char

10.1111/sum.12047

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Citations (119)

Using Foliar Analysis to Classify Nitrogen‐Deficient Sites

Soil Science Society of America Journal (1984)

N. B. Comerford Richard F. Fisher

Abstract Discriminant analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of using foliage N concentration (FN), an adjustment of the foliage N concentration based on stand age (FA), and a nitrogen/phosphorus ratio (N/P) to classify N‐deficient sites. N/P was the superior index of N deficiency. FA was consistently a more reliable classification technique than FN, but it was not accurate enough for operational use. An N/P ratio of 14 to 15 proved to be the critical ratio. Foliage nutrient analysis was not a useful technique for classifying sites for their long‐term response to N fertilization. This is due primarily to the fact that volume response to N fertilization is a function of site and stand conditions after fertilization as well as prior stand N status.

Nitrogen fertilizer

10.2136/sssaj1984.03615995004800040042x

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Citations (28)

Development of an environmental virtual field laboratory

Computers & Education (2004)

V. Ramasundaram Sabine Grunwald Alexandre Mangeot N. B. Comerford Christine Bliss

Interactivity

Virtual Laboratory

Learning environment

Field trip

Instructional simulation

10.1016/j.compedu.2004.03.002

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Citations (213)

Soil carbon and physical property changes in Brazilian Coastal Tableland soils with land use following deforestation

Agroforestry Systems (2005)

Quintino Reis de Araújo N. B. Comerford Andrew Ogram Abid Al-Agely Lindolfo Pereira dos Santos Filho

Deforestation

Soil carbon

Subsoil

Topsoil

10.1007/s10457-004-3198-7

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Citations (18)

Chapter 42 Are Current Scientific Visualisation and Virtual Reality Techniques Capable to Represent Real Soil-Landscapes?

Developments in psychiatry (2006)

Sabine Grunwald V. Ramasundaram N. B. Comerford Christine Bliss

Scientific visualization

10.1016/s0166-2481(06)31042-2

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Citations (3)

Determining Nutrient Bioavailability of Amazonian Dark Earth Solis — Methodological Challenges

Springer eBooks (2003)

Newton Paulo de Souza Falção N. B. Comerford Johannes Lehmann

10.1007/1-4020-2597-1_14

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Citations (18)

Fertilization and Competition Control Accelerate Early Southern Pine Growth on Flatwoods

Southern Journal of Applied Forestry (1988)

Benee F. Swindel Daniel G. Neary N. B. Comerford Donald L. Rockwood George M. Blakeslee

Abstract Combinations of several levels of three factors (species, competition and nutrients) that influence southern pine growth were tested in three replications of a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial experiment containing 40-tree measurement plots plus buffer zones. A moisture gradient over replications, augmented by irrigation, permitted evaluation of a fourth factor (moisture regime). In addition, individual trees of selected families of slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var elliottii) permitted evaluation of a fifth factor (progeny). Of all factors investigated, nutrients and competition were by far the most important in limiting tree and stand growth on a some-what poorly drained flatwoods spodosol. Continuous elimination of either nutrient deficiencies or interspecific competition quintupled stand volume at age 4 years. The combined effect of both cultural practices was more than tenfold increase in stand volume. South J. Appl. For. 12(2):116-121.

Slash Pine

10.1093/sjaf/12.2.116

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Citations (56)

Root Development of Young Loblolly Pine in Spodosols in Southeast Georgia

Soil Science Society of America Journal (2004)

H. Adégbidi N. B. Comerford Eric J. Jokela N. F. de Barros

Loblolly pine

Podzol

Stand development

10.2136/sssaj2004.0596

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