To explore the insect flower visitors of L. and their role in seed yield a study was conducted during the year 2014 to 2016 in South Bengal regions.The yield of crosspollinated plants was signif icantly higher with respect to seed width, length, and diameter than self-pollinated plants.A total number of 15 insect species under orders Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera were recorded from 6:00 am to 6:00 pm survey.Though the dipteran insects were more diversif ied, the most abundant insect species were ( ) (20.71%) and (17.57%) respectively, f rom the order Hymenoptera.Among them, was included with a strong linear relationship with bloomed flower and showed higher visitation rate and handling time than .Furthermore, showed higher value of pollination eff iciency index than .Total 77 % pollens were found to be viable from the anther lobe of flower whereas was carrying 73 % of viable pollen.Therefore, ( ) may be the most eff icient pollinator and played an important role in higherseed yield in .
This dataset deals with the investigative SEM and electrophysiological experimental approaches profiling the Semiochemical interaction between Aulacophora foeveicollis and host plant Cucurbita maxima.
File entitled "Raw data Female_final olf bioassay" and " Raw data male_final olf bioassay" demonstrates the datasheet regarding the Olfactometric Bioassay analysis of male and female Aulacophora foeveicollis. File entitled "Raw data male female AF" showcases the datasheet for EAG experiment of Aulacophora foeveicollis.
The volatiles extracted by the dynamic headspace collection system from the undamaged and conspecific damaged Cucurbita maxima were analyzed by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The olfactory responses of antennal chemosensilla by male and female A. foveicollis towards the plant volatiles were studied by electroantennography (EAG), while the behavioral responses were analyzed by olfactometer bioassay under laboratory conditions. Scanning electron microscopic study revealed the predominance of antennal olfactory sensilla of seven different types with four types of mechanosensilla. The antennae are sexually dimorphic, with differences in density of the chemosensillae present in the apical band region of segment IX, called the circumferential band, being higher in the females. Female antennae showed maximum peak amplitudes for 2-methyl phenol (at 10 mg/mL), followed by 1,4, dimethoxybenzene (at 5 mg/mL), while male antennae showed maximum amplitudes for heneicosane (at 5 mg/mL). Y-tube bioassays revealed maximum attractiveness towards 1,4, dimethoxy benzene that decreased progressively across heneicosane, pentacosane, tetradecane, ethyl benzene, D-limonene, nonadecane, eicosane, nonanal, decanal, α-pinene, phytol and benzaldehyde in females. However, male species were more responsive towards heneicosane, followed by 1,4 dimethoxybenzene, while the responses to pentacosane and tetradecane were equal, followed by equal responses to decanal, ethyl benzene and nonadecane, and thereafter, a progressively reducing response was observed towards α-pinene, eicosane, nonanal, D-limonene, phytol and benzaldehyde. The study assists in understanding the role of olfaction by A. foveicollis in the host plant Cucurbita maxima by listing compounds that act as potential kairomones for the beetle, and can be expected to facilitate development of an eco–friendly trap and/or by attracting the natural enemies for control of the pest.
Pollination is an ecological process that involves the transfer of pollen from the male to the female part of the flower with the help of various abiotic and biotic pollen dispersal agents and is an essential pre-requisite for fertilization and fruit/seed dispersal. Insects constitute one of the primary groups of pollinating agents, as the association between insects and flowers is well established. As flowers radiated so did the mouthparts of the insects exploiting them. Various insect groups, which are of prime significance in the pollination of agricultural and horticultural crops mainly belong to the orders Hymenoptera (bees, ants and wasps), Diptera (flies, mosquitoes, fungus gnats, midges), Coleoptera (beetles and weevils), Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies), Thysanoptera (thrips), Hemiptera (bugs) and Neuropteran (lace wing flies). This work is mainly based on detailed and through observations/study made from various cash crops viz., Brassica nigra, Coriandrum sativum, Tagetes erecta and Helianthus annuus from North 24 Parganas of South Bengal region.
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