Dena Abdel Moawed

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Regression of Paracetamol provoked hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity by Spirulina, Butylated hydroxytoluene and Cilostazol in adult male albino rats: Modulation of inflammatory, oxidative stress and apoptotic biomarkers

Egyptian Society of Clinical Toxicology Journal (2023)

Marwa Amer Mahitab M. Nageeb Sabah Mohamed Hanafy Doaa Hendawy Maha Saad Elmenshawi

Background: Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is one of the over-the-counter analgesic antipyretic drugs.It is associated with hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in overdose.Spirulina, and Butylated hydroxytoluene are valuable antioxidants.Cilostazol is a phosphodiesterase type 3 inhibitor with protective effects in some hepatic and renal injury models.Aim of the work: This study aims to evaluate the ameliorative effect of spirulina, BHT, and cilostazol against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.Material and Methods: fifty-four adult male Wistar rats were classified into 9 equal groups: I (Control group), II (Paracetamol group), III (Spirulina group), IV (BHT group), V (Cilostazol group), VI (Paracetamol+Spirulina preventive group), VII (Paracetamol+BHT preventive group), VIII (Paracetamol+Spirulina+BHT preventive group) and IX (Paracetamol+Cilostazol treatment group).Blood samples were collected at the end of the study and rats were then sacrificed and livers and kidneys were handled for biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical studies.Results: Paracetamol overdose persuaded a significant elevation in serum liver enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP), urea, and creatinine levels.Also, it induced a significant elevation in serum MDA with a substantial decrease of hepatic GST, SOD in the liver, and catalase in the kidney.It also increased the expression of MAPK, JNK, IL8, NF-κB1, BAX and immunohistochemical P53.The administration of spirulina, BHT, and cilostazol with paracetamol significantly improves these previous parameters, implying that hepatic and renal tissues were sheltered from paracetamol"s hazardous effects.Conclusion: Spirulina, BHT and Cilostazol administration ameliorated Paracetamol hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity through antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and anti-apoptotic impacts.

Butylated hydroxytoluene

Cilostazol

Nephrotoxicity

Spirulina (dietary supplement)

Acetaminophen

10.21608/esctj.2023.252160.1045

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Alauldin Othman Salim Mohammed Abseekri, Nadra Kandeel Ali Kandeel, Azza Sobhy Mohamed Mohamed Gaber, Dena Mohamed Naguib Abdel Moawed

Zagazig University Medical Journal (2024)

Alauldin Salim Mohammed Abseekri Nadra Kandeel Azza Gaber Dena Abdel Moawed

Background: In forensic medicine, sexually dimorphic bones such as pelvic bones like the os sacrum, greater sciatic notch parameter, and sacral dimensions are typically used to determine a person's sex. Before complex autopsy preparations are made, a postmortem CT scan offers a quick and simple way to illustrate and measure bone structures. Aim: To emphasize role of pelvic bone measurements in sex determination, to estimate sex using based on morphometric data from computed tomography images of sacrum and greater sciatic notch and to develop a regression equation formula for estimating the sex from the most accurate measurements. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Tripoli Medical Center, Center for Judicial Expertise and research, Libya and Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University. Subjects were divided into group I: included 65 male and group II: included 65 female. All participiants were subjected to Pelvic CT scan examinations. Results: CT measurements of the sacral vertebra (m.t.d, a.p.d, area and perimeter except m.s.d) were significantly higher in males compared to females, while all CT measurements of the greater sciatic notch were significantly higher in females compared to males. The area of the sacral vertebra and the the width of the greater sciatic notch were the only significant variable in sex determination. Conclusion: CT scan was a valuable method in measuring the selected pelvic sacral dimensions. The estimated values of pelvic measurements by using 3D CT images could develop a pelvic model with a regression formula with high accuracy value.

10.21608/zumj.2024.279379.3281

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Forensic Assessment of Sex Using Pelvic X-rays in Libyan Population in Tripoli

Zagazig Journal of Forensic Medicine (2021)

Riyadh Abdallah Hoda El Sayed Dena Abdel Moawed

Background: Estimation of sex represents one of the most important aspects of analysis in forensic anthropology. Selection of appropriate methods depends of course on what skeletal elements are present and what general age is represented. The pelvis is possibly the most accurate bone in the human body for age and sex determination, with the accuracy being 95% when completed. Aim: This study aimed to determine the forensic sex using pelvic X-rays on a sample of Libyan Population in Tripoli. Subjects and methods: The study includes 156 persons (15-25 years) in two groups; Group I which includes 78 Males. Group II which includes 78 females). All subjects will be subjected to poster anterior pelvis X-rays to determine sex estimation by: the height of ilium, interacetabular distance, acetabular diameter, pelvic breadth and pelvic inlet breadth. Results: In comparison between male and female in different measured parameters, there was a statistical significance increase in the height of ilium and acetabular diameter in male and in inter-acetabular distance and breadth of pelvic inlet among females; but no statistical significance difference found between male and female in greatest breadth of pelvis. Conclusion: The pelvis bone is good for sex determinations with the maximum percentage of 86% sex estimation accuracy. It is reliable tool in estimation of forensic sex estimation.

Forensic anthropology

Female pelvis

10.21608/zjfm.2020.48275.1066

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Ameliorative Effect of Taurine on Nandrolone Decanoate Induced Toxicity on Brain, Heart and Testis in Adult Male Albino Rats

Zagazig Journal of Forensic Medicine (2023)

Elham Megahed Dena Abdel Moawed Sara Abdel Aal Samar Mohamed Aliaa Talaat

Background:The most prescribed anabolic steroid in gym practice is nandrolone decanoate (ND).It is implicated in sport doping, and criminal circles where personal aggressiveness was evident.Despite its wide use among athletes, its uncontrolled utilization causes serious toxicities of body organs.Taurine is an amino acid that is used as a supplement for bodybuilders and has many cytoprotective properties.Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the role of taurine in attenuation of the toxic effects of ND on biochemical parameters, histopathological and immune-histochemistry changes of hippocampus, heart and testis in adult male albino rats.Materials and Methods: It is an in vivo experimental study where 40 rats were classified into four groups; Control group, Taurine-treated, ND-treated group, and ND+Taurine group.Testicular levels of MDA, SOD, and TNFα, in addition to serum level of CK-MB were measured.Gene expression of testicular BAX, BCL2, MMP-9, Caspase-3, Cyp11a1, and hippocampal Prodynorphin were assessed.Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson trichrome stainings, immunohistochemical analysis and histo-morphometric studies were also done.Results: Taurine coadministration with ND significantly decreased levels of testicular MDA, TNF-α, serum CK-MB, and mRNA expression of testicular BAX, MMP-9, Caspase-3 and hippocampal Prodynorphin, with significant increase of testicular SOD level, and mRNA expression of testicular Cyp11a1 and a non-significant increase of testicular BCL2.The histopathological findings revealed marked amelioration of testicular and hippocampal toxicity, and significant decrease in collagen fibers in heart.Also, immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 was increased in testis with decreased expression of GFAP in hippocampus comparable to ND-treated group.Conclusion: Taurine reduced the toxic effects of ND primarily on both the testis and hippocampus, in addition to a partial improvement in the heart.

Nandrolone

10.21608/zjfm.2023.234885.1161

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Medicolegal Responsibility in Acute Poisoning Cases: Highlight on the Related Egyptian Laws

Egyptian Society of Clinical Toxicology Journal (2023)

Dena Abdel Moawed

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), acute poisoning cases were reported to be 3 million, with annual deaths up to 20,000.Even in medicolegal cases, the main duty of a doctor is "to save the patient's life", and then fulfill the basic medico-legal duties to assist the investigating officer in the case.Ignorance of medico-legal duties is not an excuse or defense for avoiding punishment or penalty in a court of law.Aim: This article aims to highlight the medicolegal duties of doctors in acute poisoning cases and to increase their medicolegal awareness to handle these issues properly.Methodology: Data were collected by systematic searching for related articles between the years 2010 and 2023 using suitable keywords through different databases: Google, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and WHO reports.All related peer-reviewed articles from these databases were included in the study.On the other hand, articles from unknown publishers and closed-access articles were excluded.Reference to related Egyptian laws was made.Results The medicolegal duties of the doctor in acute poisoning cases include the legal obligation to treat all patients in emergency cases, inform authorities, ensure proper maintenance of records, collect, and preserve samples, make a dying declaration and death certificate, and recommend a postmortem examination in case of death.Conclusion: Doctors not only have a medical duty to manage the patient and save his life, but they also have medicolegal duties, which must be known to handle the medicolegal issues properly.

10.21608/esctj.2023.238338.1041

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The effect of of toxins on climate changes and travel medicine

The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology (2024)

Enas El Saftawy Ahmed Badr Amani Abdel Fattah Dena Abdel Moawed Fatma Nada Khalifa

Background: Global climate change (GCC) is on the point of altering the degree of human exposure to poisons and the response of hominoid populations to these contacts, meaning that risks of pollutants could change in the future. In certain parts of the world, GCC is foretold to increase the level of exposure to many environmental contaminants due to direct and indirect belongings on the use designs and transport, and destiny of chemicals. Changes in human performance will also affect human contact way with contaminated air, water, and food. Psychosocial stress, dietary changes, and contact with stressors as high temperatures are likely to increase the susceptibility of humans to chemicals. These changes are likely to have important inferences for current practices for chemical assessment. Traditions used in current exposure-assessment replicas may no longer apply, and existing checking methods may not be vigorous enough to detect adverse sporadic changes in exposures. Aim of the work: The present review article explores how GCC might touch the different ladders in the pathway from a chemical source in the environment through to impacts on human health and assesses the proposals for current risk assessment and management practices. Methodology: Articles were assembled using convenient keywords through Google Scholar, PubMed, Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB), Wiley Online Library, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria: peer-reviewed studies, meta-analytic and narrative reviews, and WHO reports published in the era between 1995 and 2022. Exclusion criteria: online articles not allied to a committed database or articles with closed access. Results: more research and studies are needed for prevention GCC

10.21608/ejfsat.2024.222898.1297

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Protective Effect of Curcumin and Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Carboplatin Induced Myelotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity in Adult Male Wistar Rats

Zagazig Journal of Forensic Medicine (2023)

Marwa Amer Dena Abdel Moawed Reham Sameh Rasha Agaga Nisreen Elwany

Background: Carboplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent used in many types of cancers.Carboplatin adversely affects multiple organs like the bone marrow, liver, gastrointestinal tract, and kidney.Aim of the study: The aim of this work is to evaluate the potential protective role of curcumin and cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) on carboplatin induced myelotoxicity and hepatotoxicity.Methods: Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats were classified into seven groups; I.Control (Subdivided into negative and positive control groups), II.Curcumin-treated, III.CONPs-treated, IV.Carboplatin intoxicated, V. Curcumin-treated carboplatin intoxicated, VI.CONPs-treated carboplatin intoxicated & VII.Curcumin & CONPs-treated carboplatin intoxicated groups.Curcumin was administered orally, once daily for 4 consecutive weeks.CONPs, suspended in saline, and carboplatin were administered intraperitoneally once a week for 4 consecutive weeks.After 4 weeks, blood samples were collected after anesthesia of rats.The animals were then sacrificed, with bone marrow samples & livers collected for biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical studies.Results: Carboplatin treatment decreased blood cells count and elevated liver enzymes and bone marrow & hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA).It decreased GSH levels and causes DNA damage.Carboplatin induced hypocellularity in bone marrow samples and showed Strong 8-OHdG immunoreactivity.It also induced septal fibrosis with architectural distortion in liver tissue.Administration of either curcumin or CONPs ameliorated these toxic effects of carboplatin.Meanwhile the concurrent administration of curcumin and CONPs revealed much better improvement than each of them used alone.Conclusions: Combined administration of curcumin and CONPs ameliorated carboplatin-induced myelotoxicity and hepatotoxicity through antioxidant mechanism.

Carboplatin

Cerium oxide

Nanotoxicology

10.21608/zjfm.2023.194806.1142

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