A few inbred grain-sorghum varieties, developed and grown in Korea, have low productivity.Several hybrid cultivars have been demonstrated to be more productive and resistant to unfavorable environmental conditions than pure line varieties.However, very limited studies have been conducted on hybrid sorghum in Korea.Information on combining ability of Korean landraces based on parental materials is of great importance for increasing the productivity of sorghum through hybrid breeding programs.This study was conducted to determine the combining abilities of Korean sorghum landraces and cultivars.Two cytoplasmic male-sterile lines (A.Arg-1 and A03017) were crossed with 13 male-fertile lines to generate 26 experimental grain-sorghum hybrids.The hybrids were evaluated at two locations (Daegu and Miryang) in Korea in 2018.They were planted in three replications and standard agronomic practices were followed at both sites.There were significant (p=0.001)variations among genotypes for yield and secondary traits.For each trait, general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were estimated using the line-tester method.A positive heterosis for grain yield was observed in several hybrids.The A03017 × Sodamchal hybrids exhibited considerable heterosis of up to 54.1%.The lines 18AYT-S04 and Sodamchal displayed positive significant GCA effects for grain yield, and A03017 × Sodamchal crosses showed the highest positive SCA effects.The crosses, A.Arg-1 × 18OYT-S17, A.Arg-1 × Sodamchal and A.Arg-1 × 18OYT-S01 had high grain yields with waxy endosperms, and could be recommended for grain-sorghum breeding programs in Korea.
Kim Jung-In1, Kim Sung-Kook2, Jung Tae-Wook2, Kwak Do-Yeon1, Kim Ki-Young3, Ko Jee-Yeon1, Woo Koan-Sik2, Song Seok-Bo1, Oh In-Seok1, Choe Myeong-Eun1*. Korean J. Breed. Sci. 2017;49:041-6. https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2017.49.1.41
Geon-Sig Yun, Jae-Wung Lee, Se-Gu Hwang, Ik-Jei Kim, Seong-Taeg Hong, Myeong-Eun Choe, Gyu-Hwan Choi, Yong-Soon Kim, and Hong-Sig Kim. Korean J. Breed. Sci. 2019;51:434-9. https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2019.51.4.434
Kim Jung-In, Jung Tae-Wook, Kwak Do-Yeon, Kim Ki-Young, Ko Jee-Yeon, Woo Koan-Sik, Song Seok-Bo, Lee Jong-Ki, Lee Myung-Chul, Oh In-Seok, and Choe Myeong-Eun. Korean J. Breed. Sci. 2018;50:155-60. https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2018.50.2.155
논 토양의 미생물 생태 다양성을 조사하기 위한 효과적인 방법으로 qRT-PCR을 적용하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 논 토양 미생물의 gDNA를 분리하기 위하여 Mo Bio kit를 사용한 효과적이고 안정적인 gDNA 분리 방법을 확립하였다. 논 토양 미생물 다양성을 qRT-PCR로 검출하기 위하여 bacteria를 세분한 ${\alpha}$-Proteobacteria, ${\beta}$-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes 다섯 가지 문과 전체 bacteria, 전체 fungi를 구분할 수 있는 특이 primer set을 선정하여 다양한 조건의 시험을 통하여 최종 조건을 확립하였으며 재현성 실험을 통하여 방법의 유의성을 검증하였다. BACKGROUND: In order to develop effective assessment method for Korean paddy soil microbial community structure, reliable genomic DNA extraction method from paddy soil and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) method are needed to establish METHODS AND RESULTS: Out of six conventional soil genomic DNA extraction methods, anion exchange resin purification method was turn to be the most reliable. Various PCR primers for distinguishing five bacterial phylum (${\alpha}$-Proteobacteria, ${\beta}$-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes), all bacteria, and all fungi were tested. Various qRT-PCR temperature conditions were also tested by repeating experiment. Finally, both genomic DNA extraction and qRT-PCR methods for paddy soil were well established. CONCLUSION: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) method to assess paddy soil microbial community was established.
현재 토양 생태에서 토양미생물은 유기물 분해, 질소 순환, 식물의 질소 이용 등 중요한 역할을 하고 있어, 토양 내 미생물 다양성을 분석하기 위한 연구는 지속적으로 진행되어 오고 있다. 본 연구에서는 논 토양의 미생물 생태 다양성을 조사하기 위한 효과적인 방법으로 denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)를 적용하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 논 토양 미생물의 DNA를 분리하기 위하여 lysis buffer method, skim milk bead method, sodium phosphate buffer method, Epicentre SoilMaster DNA extraction kit (Epicentre, USA), Mo Bio PowerSoil kit (Mo Bio, USA)를 이용하여 토양 내 gDNA 최적 추출방법을 확인하였다. 그 결과 Mo Bio PowerSoil kit를 사용하였을 때 Shannon 다양성지수가 세균 3.3870, 진균 3.6254으로 미생물 다양성 분석시에 가장 효과적이었다. DGGE 분석을 위한 조건은 세균의 경우 6% polyacylamide gel, 45-60% denaturing gradient였고, 진균의 경우 6% polyacrylamide gel, 45-80% denaturing gradient에서 최적 분석조건을 보였다. 위의 분석법을 적용하여 논 토양내의 미생물 군집의 변화를 살펴보면 시간의 변화 요인에 의해 미생물 변화가 일어나는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 사용된 DGGE 분석법을 통해 논토양 미생물의 분석 가능성을 제시 할 수 있었다. Soil microbes are important integral components of soil ecosystem which have significant and diverse role in organic matter decomposition, nitrogen cycling, and nitrogen fixation. In this study an effective denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method was employed for paddy soil microbial diversity survey. For optimum paddy soil microbial DNA extraction, different methods such as Lysis buffer, skim milk bead, sodium phosphate buffer, Epicentre Soil Master DNA extraction kit (Epicentre, USA) and Mo Bio Power Soil DNA kit (MO BIO, USA) methods were utilized. Among all the method, using Mo Bio Power Soil kit was most effective. DGGE analysis of Bacteria was carried out at 6% polyacylamide gel and 45-60% denaturing gradient in the optimal conditions. Whereas DGGE analysis of fungi was done at 6% polyacrylamide gel and 45-80% denaturing gradient in the optimal conditions. By applying the above assay, it was found that variation within the microbial community of paddy soil occurs by a factor of time. DGGE assay used in this study through for a variety of soil microbial analysis suggests the potential use of this method.
Choe Myeong-Eun1, Kim Jung-In1, Jung Tae-Wook2, Kwak Do-Yeon1, Kim Ki-Young2,Ko Jee-Yeon1, Woo Koan-Sik, Song Seok-Bo1, Jung Ki-Youl1, and Oh In-Seok1. Korean J. Breed. Sci. 2016;48:192-7. https://doi.org/10.9787/KJBS.2016.48.2.192
Waxy-grain sorghum is used in most of the commercial cereal products in Korea. Worldwide, three waxy mutant alleles have been identified in the sorghum germplasm, and DNA markers for these alleles have been developed to identify the waxy genotype. However, that detection method cannot be used to determine the proportion of waxy content in samples containing both waxy and non-waxy sorghum. This study developed an assay that can be used to detect and quantify the waxy content of mixed cereal samples.All Korean waxy-grain sorghum used in this study contained the wx (a) allele, and one wx (a) allele-containing individual was also heterozygous for the wx (c) allele. No individuals possessed the wx (b) allele. The genotyping results were confirmed by iodine staining and amylose content analysis. Based on the sequence of the wx (a) allele, three different types of primers (wx (a) allele-specific, non-waxy allele-specific, and nonspecific) were designed for a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay; the primers were evaluated for qPCR using the following criteria: analytical specificity, sensitivity and repeatability. Use of this qPCR assay to analyze mixed cereal products demonstrated that it could accurately detect the waxy content of samples containing both waxy and non-waxy sorghum.We developed a qPCR assay to identify and quantify the waxy content of mixed waxy and non-waxy sorghum samples as well as mixtures of cereals including sorghum, rice and barley. The qPCR assay was highly specific; the allele-specific primers did not amplify PCR products from non-target templates. It was also highly sensitive, detecting a tiny amount (>0.5%) of waxy sorghum in the mixed samples; and it was simple and repeatable, implying the robust use of the assay.
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