Due to the large distance between transmitting array and receiving array in bistatic MIMO, The bistatic MIMO is unable to use the waveform diversity technology base on the monostatic MIMO to improve the resolution of the detection. And bistatic MIMO angle estimation algorithm based on the spatial spectral estimation is unable to get coherent gain from beamforming. In this paper, position calculating of the bistatic sonar is used to get the relationship among DOD DOA and propagation distance. The array manifold of virtual array is constructed in each scan position in 2-d imaging. The improved waveform diversity technology is used in the imaging of bistatic MIMO to improve the resolution of the detection.
The azimuth resolution of imaging sonar lies on the aperture of the sensor array. In the paper, the Multiple-input Multiple-output Synthetic Aperture Sonar (MIMO-SAS) composite acoustic imaging technique was applied to imaging sonar equipped on the movable platform. The azimuth resolutions of both cross-track direction and along-track direction were obtained. The simulation results demonstrate that comparing with the conventional imaging technique Single-Input Multiple-output (SIMO), the azimuth resolution of cross-track direction is improved since the virtual array aperture of MIMO technique, and the azimuth resolution of along-track direction is obtained since the synthetic aperture of SAS technique. The simulation results are consistent with the theoretic value of the azimuth resolution.
Abstract Human RecQ deconjugating enzyme WRN is involved in DNA replication, DNA repair, recombination, transcription and telomere stabilization[1]. It plays a key role in nucleic acid metabolism as well. WRN defects lead to premature aging, type II diabetes, osteoporosis, atherosclerosis and cancer[2]. Hence it is of great interest of both pharmaceutical and academic field to develop the WRN inhibitors. Here we constructed an integrated experimental cascade, which contains both in vitro and in vivo assays, to conduct the high throughput hit-to-lead compound screen. WRN proteins of different length have been successfully purified and utilized to develop multiple biochemical assays such as unwinding assay and ATPase assay. We have also validated different cellular assays, including proliferation and immunofluorescence, to assess the cytotoxicity and the influence of downstream biomarkers of WRN inhibitors. A WRN knock-out cell line has been generated to better appreciate the inhibition mechanism. In addition, we have generated a WRN-HiBiT knock-in cell line to evaluate WRN degraders or target-compound interactions. Lastly, multiple CDX models utilizing different MSI or MSS cell lines have been validated to help determine the efficacy of WRN inhibitors thus shed light on the drug indications. Together our WRN screening cascade can provide comprehensive compound evaluation across in vitro and in vivo platforms, thus serve as an efficient screening platform for new drug discovery. [1] Kitano K. Structural mechanisms of human RecQ helicases WRN and BLM. Front Genet. 2014 Oct 29;5:366. [2]Hussain M, Krishnamurthy S, Patel J, Kim E, Baptiste BA, Croteau DL, Bohr VA. Skin Abnormalities in Disorders with DNA Repair Defects, Premature Aging, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. J Invest Dermatol. 2021 Apr;141(4S):968-975. Citation Format: Aicheng Wang, Kejun Mao, Tao Li, Lizhao Guan, Yuhong Chen, Haiting Dai, Xian Wu, Jiabao Lv, Xu Wang, Cong Huang, Tiejun Bing. A WRN screening cascade to facilitate novel drug discovery [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 5609.
Two-dimensional estimation for direction of arrival and direction of departure is required in the target location of bistatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. In view of the huge calculation of array covariance matrix processing and the sensitivity to the array manifold mismatch, a beam optimization algorithm which can resist array manifold mismatch is proposed based on the virtual array of bistatic MIMO. Optimization for beam pattern through the second-order cone programming is used in the algorithm. The waveform diversity technology and location of bistatic system are combined. The relationship between direction of arrival at and direction of departure from the ellipse locating line is used to convert the two-dimensional synthesis direction vector into one-dimensional virtual array manifold. It is proved that the beam pattern of virtual array manifold transformed in bistatic MIMO can be equivalent to the combination of the beam pattern of transmitting array mapping on the receiving array angle domain and the beam pattern of receiving array. The algorithm can not only control the side lobe and null the beam pattern but also improve the ability to resist array manifold mismatch. The validity of the method is verified by the computer simulation of the optimized beam pattern and spectrum.
Objective To further explore the unknown chemical composition and aimed to develop a reliable strategy for characterizing compounds in Rhodobryum roseum ( R. roseum). Methods This study employed an efficient, high-sensitivity, and high-resolution analysis method. The method utilized UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS, along with trace data acquisition mode (parallel reaction monitoring scanning, PRM), and multiple data processing methods. Results A total of 77 chemical substances were identified in R. roseum, including 16 amino acids, 33 organic acids including 6 aromatic acids, 8 phenolics compounds, 2 flavonoid glycosides, 4 flavonoids and 14 other compounds including 4 fatty alcohols by comparing with reference substances, secondary characteristic ion fragments, public databases, and literature. Among these, 74 compounds were found in this plant for the first time. Conclusion This result significantly expands the knowledge of the chemical constituents of R. roseum and contributes to the understanding of its active constituents for quality control.
Selective superwetting surfaces preserve the opposite superwetting properties of oil and water and have attracted attention owing to their efficient surface energy since 2000. Among these surfaces, superoleophobic/superhydrophilic surfaces are considered as one of the optional solutions because of their anti-oil properties. The coexistence of superoleophobicity and superhydrophilicity poses a challenge based on the traditional surface interface theory. However, the fabrication of superoleophobic surfaces requires extremely low surface energy, which is achieved through the introduction of compounds with long fluorocarbon chains. However, these compounds are harmful to the environment. Moreover, superhydrophilic surfaces comprising highly polar molecules frequently demonstrate poor water resistance. In this study, a mesh exhibiting superoleophobic/superhydrophilic properties was developed by coating a chemically-etched copper mesh with photopolymerized short fluorocarbon chains and water-insoluble hydrophilic monomers. The mesh can separate different types of oil-water mixtures with a separation efficiency of >99%. The mesh demonstrated excellent underwater stability, chemical durability, and mechanical durability. The water resistance and chemical durability of the mesh are stronger than those of the control copper mesh using metal ions and long fluorocarbon chains. Moreover, oil-water separation was achieved even after immersion in deionized water, salt, acid, and alkali solutions. The proposed superoleophobic/superhydrophilic mesh offers a solution for continuous oil-water separation and has prospects for developing antifouling/sweat-absorbing fabrics and self-cleaning surfaces.
Space-division multiplexing (SDM), as a main candidate for future ultra-high capacity fibre-optic communications, needs to address limitations to its scalability imposed by computation-intensive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) digital signal processing (DSP) required to eliminate the crosstalk caused by optical coupling between multiplexed spatial channels. By exploiting the unique propagation characteristics of orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes in ring core fibres (RCFs), a system that combines SDM and C + L band dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) in a 34 km 7-core RCF is demonstrated to transport a total of 24960 channels with a raw (net) capacity of 1.223 (1.02) Peta-bit s-1 (Pbps) and a spectral efficiency of 156.8 (130.7) bit s-1 Hz-1. Remarkably for such a high channel count, the system only uses fixed-size 4 × 4 MIMO DSP modules with no more than 25 time-domain taps. Such ultra-low MIMO complexity is enabled by the simultaneous weak coupling among fibre cores and amongst non-degenerate OAM mode groups within each core that have a fixed number of 4 modes. These results take the capacity of OAM-based fibre-optic communications links over the 1 Pbps milestone for the first time. They also simultaneously represent the lowest MIMO complexity and the 2nd smallest fibre cladding diameter amongst reported few-mode multicore-fibre (FM-MCF) SDM systems of >1 Pbps capacity. We believe these results represent a major step forward in SDM transmission, as they manifest the significant potentials for further up-scaling the capacity per optical fibre whilst keeping MIMO processing to an ultra-low complexity level and in a modularly expandable fashion.
Deep learning methods such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) have been shown to be highly effective in complex nonlinear modeling or classification in multimode fiber transmission systems with intensity-only detection. However, such powers are often realized along with time-consuming training processes requiring large number of data samples, which may not be achievable in some practical implementations where only limited numbers of samples are available. In this paper, aiming at high-accuracy perturbation location in a multimode fiber specklegram sensing (FSS) system with small size training data set, we compare and analyze the performance of the CNN based FSS system using fibers under different conditions of mode coupling. We demonstrate that, by utilizing a ring core fiber (RCF) supporting a few weakly-coupled mode groups(MGs), high accuracy of around 100% in the classification of perturbation locations can be more easily achieved with faster convergence speed and fewer training samples, compared with FSS systems using conventional OM3 multimode fibers (MMFs) with hundreds of modes. Furthermore, owing to similar low-level characteristics extracted from the speckle-pattern images, the CNN exhibits good performance of transfer learning in a more practical RCF based FSS system with foot-stepping perturbations, confirming their good potential of extension into practical systems.
Objective To establish a method for determination of organochlorine pesticides and chlorobenzene compounds in water by using headspace solid-phase microextraction(HS-SPME)coupled with GC. Methods 100 μm PDMS was used as SPME fiber. At 1 150 r/min with magnetic stiring,extraction time was 30 min,temperature was 80 ℃. The injector temperature was held at 270 ℃ and desorption time was 5 min. The column pressure was set at 80 kPa. Make-up flow rate was at a constant of 20 ml/min. The septum purge was set at 5 ml/min. The injector was used in splitless mode for 3 min and then in split mode at the rate of 24∶1. The ECD system was maintained at 300 ℃. Results The limit of detection (LOD) of 1,4-dichlorobenzene was 8.633 ng/L in the range of 0.39 to 19.56 μg/L. The LOD of 1,2-dichlorobenzene was 4.023 ng/L in 0.35 to 17.68 μg/L. The LOD of 1,3,5- trichlorobenzene was 0.148 ng/L in 0.007 7 to 0.38 μg/L. The LOD of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene was 0.124 ng/L in 0.009 to 0.48 μg/L. The LOD of 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene was 0.099 ng/L in 0.007 9 to 0.39 μg/L. The LOD of hexachlorobenzene was 0.005 ng/L in 0.000 4 to 0.02 μg/L. The LOD of heptachlor was 0.073 ng/L in 0.001 to 0.05 μg/L. The LOD of chlorothalonil was 0.277 ng/L in 0.096 to 4.83 μg/L. The LOD of α-HCH was 0.013 ng/L in 0.008 to 0.40 μg/L. The LOD of β-HCH was 0.353 ng/L in 0.04 to 2.00 μg/L. The LOD of γ-HCH was 0.06 ng/L in 0.008 to 0.40 μg/L. The LOD of δ-HCH was 1.25 ng/L in 0.04 to 2.00 μg/L. The LOD of p,p’-DDE was 0.03 ng/L in 0.030 to 0.10 μg/L. The LOD of o,p’-DDT was 0.122 ng/L in 0.008 to 0.40 μg/L. The LOD of p,p’- DDD was 0.066 ng/L in 0.004 to 0.20 μg/L. The LOD of p,p’-DDT was 0.464 ng/L in 0.02 to 1.00 μg/L. A good linearity was obtained,r 0.99. The recovery rates were 72.25% -109.0% with the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.82% -11.61% . Conclusion The method is fast,simple,sensitive and needs no organic solvent and it is applicable to the determination of organochlorine pesticides and chlorobenzene compounds in water.
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