Montserrat Miret

Bristol-Myers Squibb (Switzerland)

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Christian Fynbo Christiansen

Aarhus University Hospital

Helga Gardarsdóttir

Utrecht University

Patrick C. Souverein

Utrecht University

Robert F. Reynolds

GlaxoSmithKline (United States)

Francisco J. de Abajo

Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias

Steffen Christensen

Aarhus University Hospital

Dóra Körmendiné Farkas

Aarhus University Hospital

Mark de Groot

University Medical Center Utrecht

Raymond G. Schlienger

Novartis (Switzerland)

Victoria Abbing‐Karahagopian

GGD Amsterdam

Cooperative Institutions

Utrecht University

University of Washington

Aarhus University Hospital

Shiga University of Medical Science

University of Basel

University of Pittsburgh

University of Southern Denmark

University College London

Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Pharmo Institute

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The spread of AIDS and the re-emergence of tuberculosis in Catalonia, Spain

AIDS (1997)

Martí Vall Mayans Andrew Maguire Montserrat Miret José Alcaide Ignasi Parrón

To assess the impact of HIV/AIDS on the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) and to analyse the determinants of TB presenting as the first indicative disease of AIDS.Analysis of TB and AIDS surveillance data.Catalonia, north-east Spain.Two separate sources were used: (i) TB cases reported to the Catalan TB registry diagnosed between January 1982 and December 1993; (ii) AIDS cases reported to the AIDS Catalan registry diagnosed between January 1982 and December 1994.Expected and observed TB cases, and number and characteristics of AIDS cases presenting with TB.From 1987 to 1993 the annual TB crude incidence rate increased by 50% to a rate of 49.7 per 100,000, with a least 60% of the increase directly due to AIDS. During that period specific rates among children aged 0-4 years remained high at around 40 per 100,000. A total of 7,010 AIDS cases were diagnosed between 1988 and 1994, of whom 24.3% had TB. Multivariate analysis from those AIDS cases showed that besides male sex, young age, and urban residence, the strongest predictors of TB among AIDS cases were history of imprisonment (odds ratio, 2.16; P < 0.001) and intravenous drug use (odds ratio, 1.65; P < 0.001).The high rates of TB among children and young adults suggest that TB transmission has increased during this period, especially among people at high risk of AIDS. The determinants of individual risk of TB among AIDS patients act together, especially in prisons. The HIV/TB coepidemic is an emerging threat potentially for all and requires expanding targeted measures to prevent and control both disease in our setting.

10.1097/00002030-199704000-00014

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Citations (30)

Design of the RECORD MS study and pregnancy registry in patients with multiple sclerosis receiving cladribine tablets therapy in normal medical care

Helmut Butzkueven Ludwig Kappos Gavin Giovannoni Davorka Tomic Montserrat Miret

Cladribine

Medical record

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PO10-TU-34 Evaluation of the risk of malignancies in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with subcutaneous interferon beta-1a

Journal of the Neurological Sciences (2009)

Enrica Alteri Gabrielle Kornmann Margaretha Stam Moraga F. Casset‐Semanaz Montserrat Miret

BETA (programming language)

Interferon beta-1a

10.1016/s0022-510x(09)70783-x

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Hip/femur fractures associated with the use of benzodiazepines (anxiolytics, hypnotics and related drugs): a methodological approach to assess consistencies across databases from the PROTECT‐EU project

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety (2015)

Gema Requena Consuelo Huerta Helga Gardarsdóttir John Logie R. González

Results from observational studies may be inconsistent because of variations in methodological and clinical factors that may be intrinsically related to the database (DB) where the study is performed.The objectives of this paper were to evaluate the impact of applying a common study protocol to study benzodiazepines (BZDs) (anxiolytics, hypnotics, and related drugs) and the risk of hip/femur fracture (HFF) across three European primary care DBs and to investigate any resulting discrepancies.To measure the risk of HFF among adult users of BZDs during 2001-2009, three cohort and nested case control (NCC) studies were performed in Base de datos para la Investigación Farmacoepidemiológica en Atención Primaria (BIFAP) (Spain), Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) (UK), and Mondriaan (The Netherlands). Four different models (A-D) with increasing levels of adjustment were analyzed. The risk according to duration and type of BZD was also explored. Adjusted hazard ratios (cohort), odds ratios (NCC), and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated.Adjusted hazard ratios (Model C) were 1.34 (1.23-1.47) in BIFAP, 1.66 (1.54-1.78) in CPRD, and 2.22 (1.55-3.29) in Mondriaan in cohort studies. Adjusted odds ratios (Model C) were 1.28 (1.16-1.42) in BIFAP, 1.60 (1.49-1.72) in CPRD, and 1.48 (0.89-2.48) in Mondriaan in NCC studies. A short-term effect was suggested in Mondriaan, but not in CPRD or BIFAP. All DBs showed an increased risk with the concomitant use of anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs.Applying similar study methods to different populations and DBs showed an increased risk of HFF in BZDs users but differed in the magnitude of the risk, which may be because of inherent differences between DBs.

Pharmacoepidemiology

Hip Fracture

10.1002/pds.3816

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Citations (42)

Front & Back Matter

Neuroepidemiology (2012)

Tanvir Chowdhury Turin Yoshikuni Kita Nahid Rumana Yasuyuki Nakamura Kayo Ueda

10.1159/000337826

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Multiple Sclerosis and Risk of Venous Thromboembolism: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Neuroepidemiology (2012)

Steffen Christensen Dóra Körmendiné Farkas Lars Pedersen Montserrat Miret Christian Fynbo Christiansen

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients may be at increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), but evidence is limited. Objectives: To examine long-term risk of VTE among MS patients. Patients and Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study among 17,418 Danish MS patients and 87,090 comparison cohort members from the general population. Data on MS, VTE and comorbidities were obtained from the Danish National Registry of Patients including all admissions to Danish hospitals since 1977. We computed cumulative risks for VTE and adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs). Results: A total of 34 (0.2%) MS patients and 36 (0.04%) comparison cohort members had a deep venous thrombosis (DVT) within 1 year following the date of initial MS diagnosis/index date [adjusted IRR = 3.02 (95% CI: 2.14–4.27)]. During this period, 16 (0.09%) MS patients and 26 (0.03%) comparison cohort members had a documented pulmonary embolism (PE) [adjusted IRR = 2.85 (95% CI: 1.72–4.70)]. During the subsequent up to 29 years, 315 (1.9% of MS patients alive at year 1) MS patients had a record of a DVT [adjusted IRR = 2.28 (95% CI: 2.01–2.59)] and 129 (0.8%) had PE [IRR = 1.58 (95% CI: 1.31–1.92]. Conclusion: MS is a risk factor for VTE, but the absolute risk is low.

Rate ratio

10.1159/000335496

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Citations (43)

Contents Vol. 35, 2010

Neuroepidemiology (2010)

Yen-Yu Chen Sharif B. Mohr Edward D. Gorham Cedric F. Garland William B. Grant

10.1159/000322052

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Psoriasis and risk of incident myocardial infarction, stroke or transient ischaemic attack: an inception cohort study with a nested case-control analysis

British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Yolanda B. Brauchli Susan S. Jick Montserrat Miret Christoph Meier

Background Systemic inflammation may increase the risk for cardiovascular diseases in patients with psoriasis, but data on this risk in patients with early psoriasis are scarce. Objectives To assess and compare the risk of developing incident myocardial infarction (MI), stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) between an inception cohort of patients with psoriasis and a psoriasis‐free population. Methods We conducted an inception cohort study with a nested case–control analysis within the U.K.‐based General Practice Research Database. The study population encompassed 36 702 patients with a first‐time recorded diagnosis of psoriasis 1994–2005, matched 1 : 1 to psoriasis‐free patients. We assessed crude incidence rates (IRs) and applied conditional logistic regression to obtain odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Overall, the IRs of MI (n =449), stroke (n =535) and TIA (n =402) were similar among patients with or without psoriasis. However, the adjusted OR of developing MI for patients with psoriasis aged < 60 years was 1·66 (95% CI 1·03–2·66) compared with patients without psoriasis, while the OR for patients aged ≥ 60 years was 0·99 (95% CI 0·77–1·26). The adjusted ORs of developing MI for patients of all ages with ≤ 2 or > 2 prescriptions/year for oral psoriasis treatment were 2·48 (95% CI 0·69–8·91) and 1·39 (95% CI 0·43–4·53), with a similar finding for stroke and TIA. Conclusions The risk of developing a cardiovascular outcome was not materially elevated for patients with early psoriasis overall. In subanalyses, however, there was a suggestion of an increased (but low absolute) MI risk for patients with psoriasis aged < 60 years, mainly with severe disease.

Nested case-control study

Stroke

10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.09020.x

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Citations (188)

Risk of Arterial Cardiovascular Diseases in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Neuroepidemiology (2010)

Christian Fynbo Christiansen Steffen Christensen Dóra Körmendiné Farkas Montserrat Miret Henrik Toft Sørensen

Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) may have a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) than the general population, but data are limited.We conducted a population-based cohort study involving Danish citizens diagnosed with MS (n = 13,963) from 1977 to 2006 and an age- and sex-matched population cohort (n = 66,407) using data on MS, arterial CVD and comorbidity from the Danish National Registry of Patients. We calculated the risk of arterial CVD for all subjects and computed adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs).During the first year of follow-up, the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) was 0.2% among patients with MS (adjusted IRR = 1.84; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.28-2.65, compared with population cohort members), whereas the 1-year risk of overall stroke was 0.3% (adjusted IRR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.42-2.71). IRRs were 1.92 (95% CI: 1.27-2.90) for heart failure and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.42-1.39) for atrial fibrillation/flutter. During the subsequent 2-30 years of follow-up, IRRs remained elevated for overall stroke (1.23; 95% CI: 1.10-1.38) and heart failure (1.53; 95% CI: 1.37-1.71) but decreased for acute MI (1.10; 95% CI: 0.97-1.24).In this Danish cohort, the risk of CVD among MS patients was low, but greater than that in the general population, particularly in the short term.

Stroke

Rate ratio

10.1159/000320245

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Citations (145)

A systematic scoping review on the consequences of stress-related hyperglycaemia

PLoS ONE (2018)

Elena Olariu N Pooley A Danel Montserrat Miret Jean‐Charles Preiser

Background Stress-related hyperglycaemia (SHG) is commonly seen in acutely ill patients and has been associated with poor outcomes in many studies performed in different acute care settings. We aimed to review the available evidence describing the associations between SHG and different outcomes in acutely ill patients admitted to an ICU. Study designs, populations, and outcome measures used in observational studies were analysed. Methods We conducted a systematic scoping review of observational studies following the Joanna Briggs methodology. Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for publications between January 2000 and December 2015 that reported on SHG and mortality, infection rate, length of stay, time on ventilation, blood transfusions, renal replacement therapy, or acquired weakness. Results The search yielded 3,063 articles, of which 43 articles were included (totalling 536,476 patients). Overall, the identified studies were heterogeneous in study conduct, SHG definition, blood glucose measurements and monitoring, treatment protocol, and outcome reporting. The most frequently reported outcomes were mortality (38 studies), ICU and hospital length of stay (23 and 18 studies, respectively), and duration of mechanical ventilation (13 studies). The majority of these studies (40 studies) compared the reported outcomes in patients who experienced SHG with those who did not. Fourteen studies (35.9%) identified an association between hyperglycaemia and increased mortality (odds ratios ranging from 1.13 to 2.76). Five studies identified hyperglycaemia as an independent risk factor for increased infection rates, and one identified it as an independent predictor of increased ICU length of stay. Discussion SHG was consistently associated with poor outcomes. However, the wide divergences in the literature mandate standardisation of measuring and monitoring SHG and the creation of a consensus on SHG definition. A better comparability between practices will improve our knowledge on SHG consequences and management.

10.1371/journal.pone.0194952

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Citations (53)