Background: Peanut is a widely cultivated food crop of the legume family and is a major source of vegetable oil and protein in the global agricultural economy. However, the productivity of peanuts is severely affected by abiotic stress, particularly drought. Therefore, it is necessary to identify genes related to abiotic stress tolerance and analyze genetic diversity by SSR markers related to drought tolerance in peanut varieties. Methods: PCR amplification was used for the isolation of the DREB2C gene. The DREB2C gene sequence was analyzed using bioinformatic tools to identify functional domains, 3D modeling structures and other important characteristics. RT-qPCR was performed to evaluate the expression level of the DREB2C gene in the different tissues of peanut cultivars. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on SSR markers linked to drought tolerance to assess the genetic diversity among peanut cultivars. Result: The present study identified the DREB2C gene in peanut cultivar L14. The gene encodes a polypeptide chain of 492 amino acids lacking transmembrane domains and signal peptides and with a conserved domain (AP2/ERF) and DNA binding site. The 3D protein structure was predicted with high confidence using various tools. The gene expression was investigated in different tissues and at different growth and developmental stages, as well as in various cultivars. Based on SSR markers linked to drought tolerance, the study revealed that peanut cultivars in Vietnam exhibit a medium level of diversity. It may be suggested that cross-breeding between different groups may increase variability among crops, allowing the generation of dominant varieties with improved drought tolerance.
Abstract Through transcriptomic sequencing and analysis of the drought-tolerant peanut cultivar L14, we obtained a high-quality transcriptome assembly and annotation of over 71,000 unigenes with an average N50 length of 1484 bp. Based on BLAST searches against the Non-redundant, Uniprot, KEGG, Pfam, GO, and Hayai-Annotation Plants databases, putative functions were assigned to 47,820 unigenes (68% of the total). Important candidate genes involved in abiotic stress tolerance were identified. To understand the transcriptional regulation of the drought tolerance pathway in peanut, transcript expression of genes belonging to the APETALA2/ethylene responsive factor, LEAs, Phospholipase D and C families from the transcriptomic data were analyzed using a heatmap. Furthermore, the expression of LEA5 was analyzed by RT-PCR under treatment with varying concentrations of PEG 6000. This study provides additional valuable information about the transcriptome and genes related to drought tolerance, helping to better understand the molecular mechanism underlying drought tolerance in peanuts, which may aid in efforts to improve this crop.
Vietnamese ginseng (Panax vietnamensis Ha & Grushv.) is one of the most precious herbs in Vietnam because it contains many valuable bioactive compounds, especially ginsenosides. The protopanaxadiol synthase (PPDS) and protopanaxatriol synthase (PPTS) are considered the key enzymes for the ginsenoside biosynthesis pathway in Panax species. This study is the first report on the PPDS and PPTS genes and their enzymes in Vietnamese ginseng (named PvH_PPDS and PvH_PPTS, respectively). Two PvH_PPDS and PvH_PPTS genes contain 345 aa and 736 aa, respectively, with a common structure of 3 exons and 2 introns. The domain CYP450, which is conserved and essential for catalytic activity in the cytochrome P450 family, was detected in both of these genes. Their 3D protein structures were homology-modeled and annotated by bioinformatics tools. The phylogenetic tree shows that the PvH_PPDS and PvH_PPTS genes differ in their level of similarity with the corresponding genes of other Panax species. The elicitation of vanadium compounds improved the expression level of PvH_PPDS and PvH_PPTS genes as well as the accumulation of dammarane-type major ginsenosides in adventitious roots of Vietnamese ginseng. The present work is the first attempt to further understand two key enzymes in the biosynthesis of ginsenosides in this medicinal herb
Polymerase chain reaction amplification of cDNA for acidic fibroblast growth factor in several lines of cultured human cells revealed two forms of mRNA. The novel smaller mRNA lacks the entire second coding exon of the acidic fibroblast growth factor gene, whereas the previously identified mRNA consists of three coding exons. The truncated variant of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF') is only 60 amino acids long with an apparent molecular mass of 6.7 kD on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels in contrast to 18 kD for the full-length acidic fibroblast growth factor. aFGF' elicits only minimal fibroblast proliferation and antagonizes the effects of acidic fibroblast growth factor when added exogenously to or when coexpressed with aFGF in BALB/c/3T3 fibroblasts. Thus, the truncated variant of acidic fibroblast growth factor may provide fibroblasts with a unique mechanism for endogenous regulation of their responses to acidic fibroblast growth factor.
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), an economically valuable crop, provides protein and oil for human and animal consumption. The transcription factor MYB4 has been identified as a potential drought tolerance gene in peanut. This study aimed to isolate and characterize the MYB4 gene in the L14 peanut cultivar. The isolated AhL14_MYB4 gene was found to be 1.1 kb long, with a 663 bp coding sequence containing 3 exons and 2 introns. In silico analysis showed that AhL14_MYB4 possesses a nuclear localization signal and two DNA-binding domains characteristic of transcription factors. The findings revealed key molecular features of AhL14_MYB4 and provided insights into improving drought resistance in peanut varieties. Further research on AhL14_MYB4 may aid efforts to enhance drought tolerance in local peanut cultivars through molecular breeding or genetic engineering. Overall, this finding about preliminary characterization of the peanut MYB4 gene lays the groundwork for potential genetic improvements to this economically important crop.
Atherosclerotic plaque regression and HMG-CoA reductase inhibition potential of curcumin: An integrative omics and in-vivo studyPriyanka Riyad, Ashok Purohit, Karishma Sen, Heera Ram
Human cultured monocyte-like tumour cells of the U937 histiocyte derived line were stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate, and generated and released an 18,000 MW polypeptide fibroblast-activating factor (FAF). Based on recognition by an antiserum to a synthetic peptide representing the 17 amino-terminal amino acids of FAF, two proteins of 32,000 and 35,000 MW were identified in extracts of U937 cells. Purification of the intracellular FAF-related proteins to homogeneity allowed the generation and amino acid sequencing of nine tryptic fragments of 4-11 amino acids. Neither of the intracellular FAF-related proteins exhibited the fibroblast proliferation-stimulating activity of FAF, suggesting that they are biosynthetic precursors analogous to the inactive propeptides of interleukin-1 beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha.
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