To investigate the effectiveness and safety of subconjunctival injection of conbercept in the treatment of corneal neovascularization (CNV).The data on 10 consecutively recruited patients with CNV who received a subconjunctival conbercept (1 mg) once, and measured the area, length, and diameter of neovascularization before and after (1d, 1, 2wk, and 1mo) treatment as well as the occurrence of systemic and ocular complications after treatment were analyzed.There was a statistically significant reduction in the area of CNV one day after treatment (mean±SD: 38.46±11.36 mm2), compared with before treatment (42.46±12.80 mm2, P<0.01). There was also a statistically significant reduction in the length (3.86±1.80 mm vs 4.64±1.77 mm, P<0.01) and diameter (0.044±0.022 vs 0.060±0.026, P<0.05) of CNV, one week after treatment comparing to before treatment. The reduction in all three parameters was maximized at two weeks after treatment (area: 29.49±8.83 mm2, P<0.001; length: 3.50±1.88 mm, P<0.001; and diameter: 0.038±0.017 mm, P<0.01). No severe systemic or ocular complication was observed during the study.During the observation period of one-month, subconjunctival injection of conbercept is an effective and safe method for the reduction of CNV. It may be effective as a preoperative drug for neovascular corneal transplantation.
Nature of the overall implementation of the three representatives theory is insistence on being in power for the people.This important thought is important achievement developed by the third leader group within which Jiang Zemin is its core,sublimation of our traditional MinBen thought,inevitable demand of the essence of socialism,and enhanceen congnizance of CCP's Ministreial Rules.
Fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering is a significant yet efficient unsupervised learning methods in many fields such as image segmentation, pattern recognition, etc. However, the traditional FCM algorithm cannot perform well at segmentation on images with vague boundaries especially in the presence of noises. To address this problem, by means of the sparse self-representation technique and the incorporation of the neighbor information, a novel FCM clustering method is put forward, which is called fuzzy c-means clustering with neighbor information constraint using sparse self-representation (SSRFCM_N). The main idea of the proposed SSRFCM_N is two fold: 1) besides the traditional cluster center regarding the global information of similarity, another center with respect to the local information is introduced into the objective by using the sparse self-representation technique; and 2) to consider the data distribution adequately, the neighbor information constraint is also incorporated into the objective, contributing to a better accuracy as well as the good robustness to the noise. Finally, experiments on different images show that SSRFCM_N is effective and more competitive than state-of-the-art clustering methods.
We present the estimation of the solar observation with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). For both the quite Sun and the Sun with radio bursts, when pointing directly to the Sun, the total power received by FAST would be out of the safe operational range of the signal chain, even resulting in the damage to the receiver. As a conclusion, the Sun should be kept at least $\sim 2^{\circ}$ away from the main beam during the observing at $\sim 1.25 {\ \rm GHz}$. The separation for lower frequency should be larger. For simplicity, the angular separation between the FAST beam and the Sun is suggested to be $\sim 5^{\circ}$ for observations on 200 MHz or higher bands.
To explore the characteristics of rejection of Wuzhishan (WZS) pig-to-rhesus monkey corneal transplants and to evaluate WZS pig corneas as potential donor material for a clinical setting.Wuzhishan pigs were used as donors and rhesus monkeys as recipients for corneal xenotransplantation. Eighteen rhesus monkeys were divided into three groups. Groups 1 and 2 underwent penetrating corneal xenotransplantation, while group 3 underwent lamellar corneal xenotransplantation. Only group 2 received subconjunctival injections with betamethasone for 3 months. All xenografts were evaluated by slit-lamp microscopy. Two recipients in each group were killed for corneal histopathological staining at 30 days after surgery. The concentrations of cytokines in the aqueous humor were detected by cytometric bead array.Rejection of the xenografts occurred at approximately 15 days after surgery in group 1. Rejection was delayed for more than 4 months by conjunctival injection with betamethasone (group 2). Use of lamellar corneal xenografts (group 3) maintained corneal transparency for more than 3 months. Histopathological examination in group 1 showed that the xenografts were infiltrated with inflammatory cells. The corneal endothelia were destroyed and exudative membranes were formed in the anterior chamber. However, in the betamethasone-treated group, the corneal xenografts showed only minimal edema and almost no inflammatory cell infiltrate. The corneal endothelia were intact and there was no exudative membrane formation. The concentration of interleukin (IL)4, IL5 and IL10 showed an increased shift 3 weeks after surgery in group 1 and 2, but no change of cytokine's concentration was found in group 3.Rejection of pig-rhesus xenografts occurred early in penetrating corneal transplantation, but not in lamellar corneal transplantation. The endothelium of the xenograft might be a primary target of immune attack. Corticosteroid treatment inhibited rejection of the corneal xenografts.
Objectives Given the role of intraocular pressure in glaucoma, the patient’s sleeping pattern might contribute to the development and progression of glaucoma. We performed a study to understand the association between sleep behaviours and glaucoma. Design Our study was a prospective cohort study. Setting This was a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank. Self-reported data on five sleep behaviours were collected using a questionnaire at baseline. We identified four sleep patterns based on a cluster analysis of the sleep behaviours. Participants In the UK Biobank, 409 053 participants were recruited between 2006 and 2010 and followed for a diagnosis of glaucoma. We identified glaucoma as any hospital admission with a diagnosis of glaucoma, based on UK Biobank inpatient hospital data. Individuals who withdrew from the UK Biobank, or were diagnosed with glaucoma before recruitment, or had self-reported surgery or laser treatment for glaucoma, or had no information on sleep behaviors were excluded. Primary and secondary outcome measures We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the associations of different sleep behaviors, as well as identified sleep patterns, with the risk of glaucoma, adjusting for multiple confounders. Results Compared with individuals who had a healthy sleep pattern, an excess risk of any glaucoma was observed among individuals with snoring and daytime sleepiness (HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.19) or insomnia and short/long sleep duration (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.20), but not late chronotype sleep pattern (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.03). Conclusion Snoring, daytime sleepiness, insomnia, and short/long duration, individually or jointly, were all associated with the risk of glaucoma. These findings underscore the need for sleep intervention for individuals at high risk of glaucoma as well as potential ophthalmologic screening among individuals with chronic sleep problems for glaucoma prevention.
Batrachospermum longipedicellatum lives in fountain where water pH is 7 5, temperature is 17℃ in summer and 14℃ in winter with negligible fluctuation throughout the year The Ca content is relative high with relative low other nutrient element content Batrachospermum longipedicellatum . is a small freshwater alga suitable to live in an environment where both water temperature and light intensity is relative low The optimum water temperature of 15℃ and the optimum light intensity of 35 μmol/m 2·s ～ 45 μmol/m 2·s are needed for photosynthesis of Batrachospermum longipedicellatum The photosynthetic rate is the highest at 40 μmol/m 2·s The light intensity for photosynthesis of Batrachospermum longipedicellatum is saturated light intensity The light compensation points increase with the rise of water temperature They are 4 5, 5, 5 6, 6 and 7 μmol/m 2·s at 5℃, 10 ℃, 15 ℃ , 20 ℃ and 15 ℃ respectively Respiratory rate of Batrachospermum longipedicellatum . was increased along with the intensification of photosynthesis
The purpose of this study is to summarize the design and methodology of a large-scale trial in northern China, the Beijing Angle Closure Progression Study (BAPS). This trial is designed to explore the 5-year incidence of primary angle-closure suspect (PACS) progressing to primary angle-closure (PAC) or primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and to determine the possible risk factors of disease progression.
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