Abstract Rule 19.14 provides that a party to a claim entered on the group register may apply to the management court to be removed from the register. If the management court orders the claim to be removed from the register it may give directions about the future management of the claim. Additionally, where the court has decided that the criteria for entry on the register have not been met in a particular claim (generally on referral from the manager of the register), it may order that the claim leave the Group Litigation Order (GLO) arrangements. Where the court orders a claim to leave the Group, it may give further directions in that claim which may involve a continuing liability for the costs of the Group.
This article examines the phenomenon of collective or aggregate civil litigation, manifested in different forms as a class action, representative action, or group action. Different countries have adopted different models of collective civil litigation. This diversity presents a challenge in drawing comparisons, and raises the need to study the different techniques involved. This article summarizes the adoption of a technical perspective. Following this, the article reviews the availability and limitations of the research techniques in relation to what we want. It discusses the questions of goals of collective procedures, levels of need, technical modes of operation, and evaluation. The ultimate goal is to be able to compare different techniques and decide which ones might work best and in what circumstances or types of situation. There is plenty of research to be done in this field.
Journal Article The reuse of medical devices Get access C Hodges C Hodges CMS Cameron McKenna Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Medical Law Review, Volume 8, Issue 2, SUMMER , Pages 157–181, https://doi.org/10.1093/medlaw/8.2.157 Published: 01 January 2000
Mass litigation is on the reform agenda across Europe and the legislative landscape has changed impressively in recent years.Many aspects of collective redress litigation, particularly the comparative and international perspective, have been highlighted in various publications recently. 1Most of them have a focus on the political context such as whether to strengthen private or public enforcement of consumer and/or competition law or on questions raised in the context of contentious litigation, such as how to design procedural instruments effectively, or how to handle cross-border multiparty cases.The focal point of the contributions in this book is a different one.We take as a starting-point the observation that mass claims are a "nuisance" for both parties and courts.Preventing contentious litigation and encouraging parties to settle disputes is particularly important for mass claims.Therefore the contributions are about new ways of settling mass disputes.Whereas there is vast experience and plenty of case law on settlements 1 The number of articles in legal periodicals has become almost uncountable.
German Abstract: Die US-Sammelklage ist das bekannteste zivilprozessuale Instrument zur gebündelten Durchsetzung privater Rechte und Ansprüche. Es soll der Prozessökonomie dienen und erheblichen Druck auf beklagte Unternehmen ausüben, das Recht zu befolgen. Dieser Aufsatz fasst die wesentliche rechtstatsächliche Erfahrung zusammen, wie dieser Mechanismus in der Praxis funktioniert. Dabei bestätigt sich eine breite Wirkung bei der Rechtsdurchsetzung. Er identifiziert aber auch Problembereiche wie eine Bevorzugung bestimmter Fallkonstellationen (insbesondere klagen gerne Wertpapierinvestoren), hohe Transaktionskosten und Abschläge auf die an die Kläger tatsächlich ausgezahlten Beträge, das Risiko, dass hohe ökonomische Faktoren die juristische Begründetheit der Ansprüche bei einer Regelung im Vergleichswege völlig in den Hintergrund treten lassen oder verzerren, die sehr begrenzte Prüfung der juristischen Schlüssigkeit solcher Fälle, die gesteuerte Auswahl von Gerichtszuständigkeiten sowie ein Umgang mit Interessenkonflikten, der von europäischen Politikern als missbräuchlich angesehen wird. Der Aufsatz hält fest, dass diese Merkmale vorhersehbare Konsequenzen einer Politik sind, die zu verbreiteterer privater Rechtsdurchsetzung ermuntern will, indem Intermediäre Anreize erhalten und die Risiken für die Kläger reduziert werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellen sich verschiedene Fragen für die Zukunft kollektiver Rechtsdurchsetzung in der vom US-Recht deutlich abweichenden europäischen Rechtsordnung.
Every country has experienced profound attack from the Coronavirus. Every state will now face deep economic damage, possibly for a prolonged period. The next stage of economic disruption produces some winners and many losers. It inherently carries risks of widespread unemployment, collapse of companies, services, taxation revenues, and consequential risks of social unrest, criminal exploitation, revolution, cyber exploitation and warfare, and possibly the collapse of states and societies, and invasion by foreign powers. Much depends on how things are handled by a small number of political leaders around the world, the decisions that they take, and the actions that they are able to implement. These challenges arise on top of the other existential risk of climate change and the extinction of species, which may now risk being overlooked. The risks to civilisation could not be more serious. How should we respond? Many wise suggestions will be made by experts on the economic, employment and administrative aspects. This analysis contributes a different perspective based on what seem to be people's basic views of what they value. Certain values are being re-emphasised as fundamentally important, and we should consider the implications. The prevailing values of a society should be the foundation of the political decisions that are taken in the coming period of economic disruption and increased poverty, and of the evaluation of those decisions. We should also use the values to consider what changes may be necessary in structures, systems, processes actions and behaviours, so as to minimise harm and maximise the achievement of the intended goals.The argument is that a change is occurring in which pursuit of personal wealth and success at the expense of others is being replaced by recognition of the need to found society and commerce on interconnectedness. Further, this change can only be effective if it is based on the human values of other-regarding and mutual support and solidarity based on a demonstrable commitment to ethical values in conduct. That understanding of the basis of value-based relationships provides the foundation for rethinking the structures and institutions that will be needed.
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