Thirty weaned crossbred (Large White York Shire × Desi) piglets were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5), each consisted of 12 animals (6 barrows and 6 gilts).First treatment (T1) served as control and others were experimental groups.Diet 1 (T1) was formulated with maize (54%), wheat bran (10%), groundnut cake (17%), DORP (10%), fish meal (6%), mineral mixture and vitamin supplements.Diets 2 (T2), 3 (T3), 4 (T4) and 5 (T5) were formulated using paddy instead of maize at 25, 50, 75 and 100 percent.Age at 1st estrous was found significantly higher (P<0.05) in group T5 as compared to T1 group.Age at 1 st service was found significantly higher (P<0.05) in gilts maintained on T4 and T5 diets than control.In barrows there was no significant (P>0.05)difference in fasting weight, weight after bleeding and evisceration weight between T1, T2 and T3 groups, however these parameters were significantly lower in T4 and T5 groups as compared to control.Statistically there was no significant (P>0.05)difference in fasting weight, weight after bleeding and evisceration weight of gilts of T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups, however it was significantly (P<0.05)lower in T5 group as compared to control.The dressing percentage of boars and dressing percentage, carcass length, backfat thickness and loin eye area in gilts was significantly (P<0.05)lower in T3, T4 and T5 groups as compared to T1 group, however it did not differ significantly between T1 and T2 groups.In both barrows and gilts, statistically there was no significant (P>0.05)difference in average percent weight of shoulder between T2 and T3 groups, however it was significantly (P<0.05)higher in T4 and T5 group as compared to control.In barrows, average percent weight of bacon and ham was significantly (P<0.05)lower in T4 and T5 groups as compared to control, however showing no significant difference in T1, T2 and T3 groups.Average percent weight of loin shows no significant (P>0.05)difference in T1 and T2 group; however is significantly (P<0.05)higher T3, T4, and T5 groups as compared to control.There was no significant difference in the average percent weight of rib chop and undercut among control and treatment groups.In gilts the percent weight of bacon and ham was significantly (P<0.05)lower in T2, T3, T4, and T5 groups as compared to control.There was no significant difference in the percent weight of rib chop and undercut between T1 and T2 groups, however it is significantly lower in T3, T4 and T5 groups as compared to control.Total cost of production was higher at higher level of replacement of maize with paddy in pigs.
An experiment including 180, day old White Leghorn chicks of identical weights was conducted to see the effect of enzyme supplementation in their rations containing various combinations of coarse cereals and oilseed meals. These chicks were randomly allotted to six dietary treatments. Control diet 1 (T1) was formulated using maize, deoiled rice polish, soybean meal, fish meal, minerals and vitamins supplements. While, control diet 2 (T2) was similar to T1 except that it was devoid of fish meal. In diet 3, as cereal, 15% maize along with 85% sorghum and ragi in equal proportion and as vegetable protein supplement 30% soybean meal along with 70% niger and sesame cakes were used in equal proportion (T3). In diet 4, maize and ragi as cereal and soybean meal, niger and sesame cakes as protein supplement were used in equal proportion (T4). In diet 5, maize and soybean meal both were completely replaced using equal combinations of sorghum and ragi and niger and sesame cake, respectively (T5). Diet T3 and T6 were almost same except that diet T6 was not supplemented with lysine. Diets T4, T5, and T6 were supplemented with enzymes (β-D glycosidases, cellulases, proteases, amylases, phytase) @ 50g/100kg diet. All the diets were iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric. Studies revealed that supplementation of enzyme on coarse cereals and oilseed meals based diets did not improve the performance of chickens.
Experiment was conducted on 120 broiler chicks for six weeks and their weight gain was taken for consecutive six weeks to observe the effect of different levels of dietary selenium over growth and nutrient utilization of birds. There were three diets prepared with 0.125, 0.15 and 0.175 mg Se/Kg feed for group T1, T2 and T3 respectively. The FCR and st performance index at 1 week for T1 were 1.34±0.02 and 21.21±0.36 that for T2 was 1.51±0.01 and 16.56±0.40 and for th T3 were 1.29±0.02 and 23.88±0.50, the experiment continues for 6 weeks the FCR and performance index at 6 week in T1, T2 and T3 was 3.42±0.19 and 7.37±0.78, 3.56±0.05 and 6.51±0.25, 3.56±0.15 and 6.85±0.58. The percent retention of nutrients was highest in T3 group as compare to T1 and T2 which was supplemented @ 17.50 mg Se/kg of feed. Therefore it was concluded that supplementation of selenium @ 17.50 mg/kg diet of poultry enhances the growth rate as well as nutrient retention in the broiler birds.
The study was conducted to evaluate the influence of probiotic supplementation on body weight, body weight gain, body length, Sirohi and Barbari kids just after weaning at the age of 2-3 month of either sex were selected and distributed randomly i.e.Twenty four (24) Sirohi and Twenty four (24) Barbari male and female kids were randomly selected from the Institute's flock for the study.Average body weight (kg) of Barbari kids at the end of experiment was14.38 ±0.24,15.25 ±0.23,15.81±0.26, 16.15 ±0.19 and Sirohi kids was 15.00 ±0.24,15.87±0.23,16.42± 0.26,16.77±0.91 in T i , T 2, T 3 and T 4 groups respectively.The overall body weight gain (kg) during experimental period of Barbari kids was 0.55 ±0.01, 0.72 ±0.03,0.76±0.03 and 0.82±0.03kgand of Barbari kids was 0.55 ±0.01, 0.55± 0.02, 0.76±0.03and 0.82±0.03for T 1 , T 2, T 3 and T 4 group respectively.At the end of experiment average body length (cm) in Barbari kids were recorded as 57.58 ±0.25, 60.20 ±0.53, 60.26 ±0.31and 59.40 ±0.59 and in Sirohi kids were recorded as 59.04 ±0.25, 61.66 ±0.53, 61.66 ±0.53 and 60.86 ±0.59for T 1 , T 2, T 3 and T 4 group of respectively. K e y w o r d s
A study was conducted to determine the water requirement of lactating Murrah buffaloes fed different levels of diammonium phosphate. Eighteen lactating Murrah buffaloes (551.5±14.6 kg BW) of nearly same milk yield, parity and stage of lactation were divided into three equal groups and fed 0, 50 and 100% diammonium phosphate in the mineral mixture of concentrates. The chaffed mixed roughage (berseem +wheat straw) was offered ad lib. Tap water was provided ad lib. A metabolism trial of seven days was conducted at the end of experiment. Diammonium phosphate did not affect the dry matter intake, water intake and milk yield. The average water intake from all sources and in all groups was 78.5 liter, which comes to 5.77 litre/kg dry matter intake at temperature 27.9–38.31°C. It was concluded that different levels of diammonium phosphate did not have any significant impact on milk production and water requirement.
A trial was conducted to study the effect of Mentha piperita on broilers fed ochratoxin. The results of the present study reveals that feeding of ochratoxin at both the levels (2 and 4 ppm) significantly (P<0.05)reduced the level of serum total protein and albumin and significantly increased serum creatinine, ALP, AST and ALT. whereas no significant change observed due to administration of M. Piperita at both the levels (2 and 4 g/kg feed). There was non significant increase in serum total protein in group VI.
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