J. U. Chinchu

Attenuation of obesity related inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages and 3T3-L1 adipocytes by varanadi kashayam and identification of potential bioactive molecules by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS

Figshare (2023)

J. U. Chinchu Mohind C. Mohan B. Prakash Kumar

Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, characterised by the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in obese adipose tissue. In this study, 3T3-L1 CM enhanced TNF-α and IL-1β in RAW 264.7 cells compared with LPS treated cells. However, treatment with Varanadi kashayam suppressed the inflammatory changes associated with RAW 264.7 cells. Subsequently, RAW CM used to stimulate adipocytes, resulting in decreased intracellular lipid content and reduced adipogenic markers after Varanadi kashayam treatment. The chemical profiling of Varanadi kashayam using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS identified 194 compounds by comparing their retention time, the experimentally measured exact mass of precursor, and fragmented ions, and fragmentation pattern with spectral library and reported literature. Collectively, Varanadi kashayam act as a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic agent that could disrupt the crosstalk between adipocytes and macrophages. Hence it could be a better candidate for reducing inflammation associated with obese adipose tissue.

Orbitrap

Identification

10.6084/m9.figshare.13718020

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Attenuation of obesity related inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages and 3T3-L1 adipocytes by varanadi kashayam and identification of potential bioactive molecules by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS

Figshare (2021)

J. U. Chinchu Mohind C. Mohan B. Prakash Kumar

Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, characterised by the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in obese adipose tissue. In this study, 3T3-L1 CM enhanced TNF-α and IL-1β in RAW 264.7 cells compared with LPS treated cells. However, treatment with Varanadi kashayam suppressed the inflammatory changes associated with RAW 264.7 cells. Subsequently, RAW CM used to stimulate adipocytes, resulting in decreased intracellular lipid content and reduced adipogenic markers after Varanadi kashayam treatment. The chemical profiling of Varanadi kashayam using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS identified 194 compounds by comparing their retention time, the experimentally measured exact mass of precursor, and fragmented ions, and fragmentation pattern with spectral library and reported literature. Collectively, Varanadi kashayam act as a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic agent that could disrupt the crosstalk between adipocytes and macrophages. Hence it could be a better candidate for reducing inflammation associated with obese adipose tissue.

Identification

Orbitrap

3T3-L1

10.6084/m9.figshare.13718020.v1

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Citations (0)

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (2018)

J. U. Chinchu B. Prakash Kumar

Objective:The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of an Ayurvedic formulation Varanadi kashayam to inhibit pancreatic lipase activity in-vitro.It also focuses on antioxidant activity, total phenol, flavonoid and phenolic acid content of fractions of Varanadi kashayam and HPTLC fingerprinting of fractions.Methods: Fractionation of Varanadi kashayam was done by using five solvents of increasing polarity.Qualitative analysis of phytochemicals and quantitative determination of phenol, flavonoids, and phenolic acids were determined by standard protocols.The antioxidant activity of fractions was measured by DPPH and ABTS scavenging assay through spectroscopic analysis.The anti-lipase activity of fractions of Varanadi kashayam was determined by using porcine pancreatic lipase as enzyme and p-Nitrophenyl palmitate as substrate.HPTLC analytical method was used for the determination of compounds presents in polyherbal formulation Varanadi kashayam.Results: Ethyl acetate fraction of Varanadi kashayam showed free radical scavenging activity with IC 50 values close to that of BHT and quercetin standards.The amount of phenol, flavonoid, and phenolic acid was also found to be highest in ethyl acetate fraction.This shows the relation between antioxidant activity and polyphenol content of fractions.The methanol fraction of Varanadi kashayam showed highest anti-lipase activity compared to orlistat standard.This may be due to the high phyto-chemical content of methanol fraction. Conclusion:From the results, it is evident that Varanadi kashayam can effectively inhibit pancreatic lipase enzyme and hence the absorption of dietary lipids.It is a rich source of phytochemicals and antioxidants.Hence, it could be a better remedy to reduce lipid absorption and provide protection against reactive oxygen species.INTRODUCTION: Ayurveda is one of the ancient and living traditions widely practiced in India.Herbal medicines are therapeutically used all around the world; hence these are the oldest form of healthcare known to the mankind.

10.13040/ijpsr.0975-8232.9(12).5373-81

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Evaluation of anti-inflammatory effect of Varanadi Kashayam (decoction) in THP-1-derived macrophages

AYU (An International Quarterly Journal of Research in Ayurveda) (2018)

B. Prakash Kumar J. U. Chinchu Mohind C. Mohan S. J. Rahitha Devi

VaranadiKashayam is an Ayurvedic polyherbal decoction containing 16 ingredients, for which the mechanisms of action involved in controlling chronic inflammatory conditions have not been evaluated. The inhibition of release of proinflammatory cytokines by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated monocytes/macrophages is an ideal in vitro model for identifying anti-inflammatory molecules.The aim of the study is to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of VaranadiKashayam in THP-1-derived macrophages.The efficacy of VaranadiKashayam on monocyte cell differentiation was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction to assess the expression of differentiation markers MMP-9, CD36, CD11b and CD14. Further VaranadiKashayam treated THP-1 macrophages were induced with LPS and the production of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) were measured and corresponding genes expressions were quantified.The results indicate that VaranadiKashayam reduced the differentiation of THP-1 monocytes to macrophages and downregulated the expression of cell surface markers. Furthermore, it could decrease the release of proinflammatory cytokines from LPS-induced THP-1 macrophages and downregulated the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β genes.The results obtained from this study suggest a possible mechanism of action of the herbal decoction in inflammatory processes and opens up the possibilities of identifying bioactive lead molecules with anti-inflammatory potentials.

Proinflammatory cytokine

THP1 cell line

Monocyte

CD36

Decoction

10.4103/ayu.ayu_53_18

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Citations (9)

Attenuation of obesity related inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages and 3T3-L1 adipocytes by varanadi kashayam and identification of potential bioactive molecules by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS

Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry (2021)

J. U. Chinchu Mohind C. Mohan B. Prakash Kumar

Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, characterised by the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in obese adipose tissue. In this study, 3T3-L1 CM enhanced TNF-α and IL-1β in RAW 264.7 cells compared with LPS treated cells. However, treatment with Varanadi kashayam suppressed the inflammatory changes associated with RAW 264.7 cells. Subsequently, RAW CM used to stimulate adipocytes, resulting in decreased intracellular lipid content and reduced adipogenic markers after Varanadi kashayam treatment. The chemical profiling of Varanadi kashayam using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS identified 194 compounds by comparing their retention time, the experimentally measured exact mass of precursor, and fragmented ions, and fragmentation pattern with spectral library and reported literature. Collectively, Varanadi kashayam act as a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic agent that could disrupt the crosstalk between adipocytes and macrophages. Hence it could be a better candidate for reducing inflammation associated with obese adipose tissue.

Fragmentation

3T3-L1

10.1080/13813455.2021.1877309

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Citations (1)

Anti-obesity and lipid lowering effects of Varanadi kashayam (decoction) on high fat diet induced obese rats

Obesity Medicine (2019)

J. U. Chinchu Mohind C. Mohan B. Prakash Kumar

Proinflammatory cytokine

Lipid Profile

10.1016/j.obmed.2019.100170

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