G Schröter

University of Colorado Denver

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Thomas E. Starzl

University of Pittsburgh

Richard Weil

University of the Witwatersrand

Lawrence J. Koep

Good Samaritan Medical Center

Shunzaburo Iwatsuki

University of Pittsburgh

Kendrick A. Porter

St. Mary's Hospital

A. Schrettenbrunner

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit

Charles W. Putnam

University of California, Davis

Charles G. Halgrimson

University of Colorado Denver

Motomichi Torisu

Kyushu University

Göran B. Klintmalm

Baylor University Medical Center

Cooperative Institutions

University of Colorado Denver

University of Colorado Health

University of Colorado Boulder

University of California, Los Angeles

Denver School of Nursing

United States Department of Veterans Affairs

University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus

University of Würzburg

University of Colorado Hospital

University of Pittsburgh

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Susceptibility of Aspergillus to 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin B alone and in combination

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (1978)

Brian A. Lauer L. Barth Reller G Schröter

We report the in vitro activity of amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine alone and in combination against 7 strains of Aspergillus fumigatus and 6 strains of A. niger. Susceptibility tests were done with yeast nitrogen base agar by the agar dilution method. With 5-fluorocytosine 8 strains had MICs≥1μg/ml, 4 strains had MICs≤128 μg/ml, and 1 strain of A. niger gave inconsistent results on repeated testing. When compared to growth in control tubes of antimicrobial-free medium, each strain was partially inhibited at 24 to 36 h by ≥0.12 μg/ml of 5-fluorocytosine. Amphotericin B inhibited all 13 strains at 2 μg or less per ml. The combined activity of the 2 drugs was no greater than the activity of either drug alone; neither synergism nor antagonism was demonstrated against any isolate. Nonetheless, further study of the activity of 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin B against Aspergillus species isolated from human infections is warranted.

Aspergillus niger

Agar dilution

Flucytosine

Strain (injury)

10.1093/jac/4.4.375

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Citations (23)

The effects of antibiotics on human intestinal flora. A review.

Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene (1970)

G Schröter H. P. R. Seeliger H Knothe

Flora

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Progress in and deterrents to orthotopic liver transplantation, with special reference to survival, resistance to hyperacute rejection, and biliary duct reconstruction.

PubMed (1974)

Thomas E. Starzl Makoto Ishikawa Charles W. Putnam K. A. Porter Reginaldo Picache

Tribute

CLARITY

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Citations (154)

Fungus Infections After Liver Transplantation

Annals of Surgery (1977)

G Schröter MANFRED HOELSCHER Charles W. Putnam Kendrick A. Porter Thomas E. Starzl

The problem of fungus infections after liver transplantation was studied. In 100 consecutive recipients of orthotopic liver homografts there were 10 and 8 examples, respectively, of localized and disseminated infections caused by Candida species. Candidemia was demonstrated in 8 of these 18 patients. One patient who had a localized Candida infection also had disseminated cryptococcosis. An additional 31 patients were infested in that Candida could be cultured from sites where it is not normally found, such as the blood (8 examples), urine (8), ascitic fluid (8), and wounds (22). This exorbitant incidence of monilial infections and infestations was associated with a high frequency of complications involving the homograft as well as the hosts' gastrointestinal tract during the post-transplantation period. The yeasts found in blood, urine, ascitic fluid and elsewhere were thought to have originated from the gut. Ten of the 100 patients had aspergillosis which was localized in 7 instances and disseminated in 3. The lung was the most frequently affected organ. The fungus infections played a contributory role in the downhill course of our patients but in the event of death more fundamental and more frequent causes of failure were technical complications involving the homografts, difficulties in controlling rejection with reasonable immunosuppressive doses and bacterial sepsis. Suggestions have been made for the better control of fungal infections in liver recipients.

10.1097/00000658-197707000-00017

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Citations (104)

[Scintigraphic detection of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and ectopic mucosa].

PubMed (1991)

R Bauer van de Flierdt E G Schröter M. Hölscher

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Rectal Pseudotumor due to Chlamydia Trachomatis in a Male Homosexual

Endoscopy (1990)

U. Rüther Wolfgang Rupp H. A. G. Müller P. Jipp G Schröter

Chlamydia trachomatis causes a wide spectrum of human genital infections including lymphogranuloma venereum. We describe an unusual case of Chlamydia trachomatis proctitis in a homosexual man presenting with a large, solid tumor in the distal rectum, which was treated successfully by long-term oral doxycycline therapy.

Lymphogranuloma venereum

Sex organ

10.1055/s-2007-1012857

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Citations (15)

Liver Transplantation with Use of Cyclosporin a and Prednisone

New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Thomas E. Starzl Göran B. Klintmalm Kendrick A. Porter Shunzaburo Iwatsuki G Schröter

THE difficulties in consistently prolonging survival after orthotopic liver transplantation have been documented by us1 and by Calne.2 In this report we describe a new trial of orthotopic liver transplantation in 14 patients who were scheduled to be treated with cyclosporin A and prednisone. Two patients died during the operation. Ten (83 per cent) of the 12 patients who survived surgery and received the drugs are living after eight to 14 1/2 months; another lived for a year, before dying of a recurrence of cholangiocarcinoma.Although longer follow-up periods and more case studies will be required to establish the safety . . .

Orthotopic liver transplantation

Cyclosporins

10.1056/nejm198107303050507

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Citations (485)

Thoracic Duct Fistula and Renal Transplantation

Annals of Surgery (1979)

Thomas E. Starzl Richard Weil Lawrence J. Koep Robert T. McCalmon Paul I. Terasaki

Thoracic duct drainage (TDD) was established for 21 – 115 days in 40 kidney recipients with an average removal per patient day of 4.7 I lymph and 1.88 billion cells. Cellular and humoral immunity were depressed. TDD and immunosuppressive drugs were started at transplantation in 35 recipients of cross-match negative grafts. Although the results were better than in precedent non-TDD controls, eight patients rejected their grafts before a full TDD effect, and three of the eight developed predominantly anti-B lymphocyte cytotoxic antibodies which were probably responsible for positive cross-matches with their next donors. With continuing TDD, all eight patients had good initial function after early retransplantation. In five more “nontransplantable” patients with performed cytotoxic antibodies, TDD was started 30–56 days before transplantation. In these five pretreated patients, antibodies persisted with positive antidonor cross-matches. Hyperacute rejection occurred repeatedly in two patients with high anti-T (and anti-B) titers, but was surmounted in three patients with lower titers. From the clinical and immunologic data, we have concluded that TDD should be used for pretreatment of all cases with or without prior antibodies, and have suggested an adjustable management plan that takes into account new developments in antibody monitoring.

10.1097/00000658-197910000-00007

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Citations (50)

Butandioldehydrogenase inVibrio parahaemolyticus

Medical Microbiology and Immunology (1976)

G Schröter J Bockemühl Ilona Bednarek

Medical microbiology

10.1007/bf02121322

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Diagnosis ofPneumocystis cariniiPneumonitis by Means of Endobronchial Brush Biopsy

New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Lawrence H. Repsher G Schröter William S. Hammond

PATIENTS with primary or iatrogenic immune deficiency states can have a clinical syndrome characterized by diffuse or patchy pneumonitis, nonproductive cough, fever, tachypnea and hypoxemia. Pneumocystis carinii is a cause of this syndrome but is difficult to diagnose since the organism cannot be cultured and is only rarely found in tracheal secretions.1 Percutaneous needle biopsy, aspiration needle biopsy, and open lung biopsy can demonstrate the organisms but carry a definite morbidity and mortality.2 Endobronchial brush biopsy by the method of Fennessey is a safe and well tolerated procedure even in very ill patients.3 , 4 The brush can easily obtain alveolar material . . .

Pneumonitis

Tachypnea

Lung biopsy

10.1056/nejm197208172870708

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Citations (95)