Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) have a strong self-renewal potential and osteogenic differentiation ability, thus providing a new method for bone defect repair research. LncRNA LINC00707 participates in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and our aim was to explore the potential regulatory mechanism.Firstly, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of LINC00707, miR-145, the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) and osteogenesis-related genes. Next, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay was used to measure the relative activity of ALP in hBMSCs. The protein levels of LRP5 and osteogenesis-related genes were detected by Western blot. Finally, the relationship among LINC00707, miR-145 and LRP5 were predicted by online software and verified by Dual-Luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP).LINC00707 and osteogenesis-related genes were gradually upregulated during osteogenesis of hBMSCs. Meanwhile, overexpression of LINC00707 promoted osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. Interestingly, we found that LINC00707 negatively regulated the miR-145 expression and osteogenic differentiation functions by directly interacting with miR-145, and LINC00707 affected the functions of LRP5 by sponging miR-145 in hBMSCs. Moreover, LINC00707 promoted the Wnt/β-catenin pathway through the LINC00707/miR-145/LRP5 axis.LncRNA LINC00707 promoted osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs by targeting LRP5 mediated by miR-145 through the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore whether SAPCD2 can affect the proliferation of breast cancer cells through YAP/TAZ, thus promoting the development of breast cancer (BCa). PATIENTS AND METHODS Quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to examine SAPCD2 expression level in BCa tissues collected from patients in different tumor TNM-stage. The correlation between SAPCD2 expression and clinicopathological features of patients were analyzed, and the Kaplan-Meier test was used for survival analysis. In addition, after knocking down SAPCD2 in cells, qRT-PCR and Western blot were applied to analyze the expression of the related genes and proteins, respectively. Moreover, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and transwell experiments were conducted to detect cell viability, migration, and invasion abilities. Furthermore, the changes in cell viability and migration and invasion abilities were examined after the simultaneous overexpression of YAP. RESULTS It was found that SAPCD2 expression levels in BCa tissues were remarkably higher than those in the normal control samples; meanwhile, patients with tumor size >3 cm or in the T3+T4 stage had a relatively higher expression of SAPCD2 than those with tumor size <3 cm or in T1+T2 stage. At the same time, the overall survival rate of BCa patients with highly expressed SAPCD2 was remarkably lower than that of patients in the low expression group. Moreover, it was found that the SAPCD2 level was correlated to the tumor size, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis. After knocking down SAPCD2 in cells, cell viability, migration, and invasion abilities, as well as the YAP/TAZ protein expression levels were all found to be remarkably attenuated, which, however, were reversed after simultaneous overexpression of YAP in cells. CONCLUSIONS SAPCD2 may be able to enhance the proliferation ability of BCa cells via modulating the expression of YAP/TAZ, thereby prompting the progression of BCa.
In the last two decades, enclosed photobioreactors have received major research attention. It is one of the key techniques in microalgae biotechnology. This article reviews the system development of enclosed photobioreactors which are divided into column, tubular plate and opticle fibre type respectively. Typical photobioreactors of tubular and plate type are introduced separately. Their technical parameters are table compared. The technical development tendencies are summarized.
Let A(p) denote the class of functions of the form f(z) = z p + 1=p+1 akz k (p 2 N = {1,2,3,···}), which are ana- lytic in the open unit disk U = {z : z 2 C and |z| < 1}. By making use of a certain integral operator, we obtain some interesting prop- erties of multivalent analytic functions.
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