Robert P. Rapp

Goddard Space Flight Center

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Byron Young

Charleston Area Medical Center

Phillip A. Tibbs

University of Kentucky

Brack A. Bivins

Henry Ford Hospital

John J. Piecoro

Albert B. Chandler Hospital

Jane A. Norton

University of Kentucky

Martin E. Evans

University of Kentucky

Robert J. Dempsey

Neurological Surgery

Kenneth E. Record

University of Kentucky

Patrick P. DeLuca

University of Kentucky

Dennis Haack

Sharp Memorial Hospital

Cooperative Institutions

Space Telescope Science Institute

582

Goddard Space Flight Center

319

Northrop Grumman (United States)

138

University of Kentucky

119

Johns Hopkins University

101

University of Arizona

Michigan Science Center

European Space Agency

Albert B. Chandler Hospital

European Space Research and Technology Centre

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Theophylline Toxicity after the Use of Aminophylline in the Treatment of Cerebral Vasospasm

Neurosurgery (1981)

Robert T. Bailey Byron Young Robert P. Rapp Robert A. Blouin

Abstract We are reporting a case of theophylline toxicity after the initiation of i.v. aminophylline and isoproterenol in the treatment of cerebral vasospasm. The dose of aminophylline (125 mg/hour) previously recommended results in a toxic serum theophylline concentration in a majority of patients if the infusion is continued for more than 24 to 48 hours. The rapid achievement of an optimal serum level is obtained with a standard loading dose of 8.0 mg/kg. The initial infusion rate should be based on calculated pharmacokinetic data. Maintenance dosing adjustments are then based on serum determinations and the presence of toxic effects.

Aminophylline

Cerebral Vasospasm

Loading dose

10.1227/00006123-198112000-00019

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Citations (3)

An Improved Method of Excretory Urography

The Journal of Urology (1964)

Dewey R. Heetderks Robert P. Rapp Roy J. Correa Jack Lapides

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Jul 1964An Improved Method of Excretory Urography Dewey R. Heetderks, Robert Rapp, Roy J. Correa, and Jack Lapides Dewey R. HeetderksDewey R. Heetderks More articles by this author , Robert RappRobert Rapp More articles by this author , Roy J. CorreaRoy J. Correa More articles by this author , and Jack LapidesJack Lapides More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)63891-6AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1964 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byHenson P and Boyarsky S (2018) Constant Infusion Excretory UrographyJournal of Urology, VOL. 95, NO. 6, (814-817), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1966. Volume 92Issue 1July 1964Page: 75-77 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1964 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Dewey R. Heetderks More articles by this author Robert Rapp More articles by this author Roy J. Correa More articles by this author Jack Lapides More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Excretory system

10.1016/s0022-5347(17)63891-6

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Citations (4)

Osmolality of small-volume intravenous admixtures

American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (1985)

Daniel P. Wermeling Robert P. Rapp Patrick P. DeLuca John J. Piecoro

Osmolalities of commonly administered small-volume i.v. admixtures were determined, and use of diluents with lower osmolality to achieve osmolality values less than 400 mOsm/kg was studied. The theoretical osmolality of 218 hypothetical admixtures of various concentrations of 34 injectable drugs in 50- or 100-mL quantities of 5% dextrose injection or 0.9% sodium chloride injection was calculated using sodium chloride equivalents. If the calculated osmolality value was greater than 400 mOsm/kg, an actual admixture was prepared and osmolality and density were measured. To determine how admixtures with osmolality values less than 400 mOsm/kg could be prepared, theoretical osmolality was calculated using 0.45% sodium chloride injection or sterile water for injection as the diluent. The calculated osmolality value was greater than 400 mOsm/kg for 52 (23.9%) of the 218 admixtures tested. Of the 52 measured osmolality values, 47 were within 15% of the calculated value. Calculated osmolality values for all admixtures were less than 400 mOsm/kg when 0.45% sodium chloride injection or sterile water for injection was used as the diluent. Admixture osmolality should be considered when preparing drugs for i.v. injection. For drugs with high osmolalities, 0.45% sodium chloride injection or sterile water for injection may be used as the diluent.

Osmole

Diluent

Plasma osmolality

Osmotic concentration

10.1093/ajhp/42.8.1739

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Citations (14)

Management of a departmental budget using an electronic spreadsheet.

PubMed (1991)

Robert P. Rapp Dennis F. Galletta

Many dental school departments utilize computers, which provide the chairperson with important information on the status of the departmental budget. With the appropriate software, awareness of the funds remaining in each of the budget categories allows rapid decisions on a variety of issues. A computer-driven spreadsheet can be indispensable, providing essential information on current income and disbursements, and facilitating comparison with previous, current, and projected operations.

Federal budget

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Room temperature facile synthesis of olivine-Co₂SiO₄ nanoparticles utilizing a mechanochemical method

RSC Advances (2021)

Phuong Q. H. Nguyen Dongzhou Zhang Robert P. Rapp J. P. Bradley Przemysław Dera

Impact pressure induces synthesis of nanocrystalline olivine Co₂SiO₄.

Nanocrystalline material

10.1039/d1ra02760c

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Citations (9)

Patient Oriented Pharmacy Practice—Does It Include Traditional Services?

Annals of Pharmacotherapy (2006)

Robert P. Rapp

10.1345/aph.140006

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Citations (1)

Intra-arterial urokinase versus surgery for acute peripheral arterial occlusion

American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (1997)

Brien L. Neudeck Karen Blumenschein Eric D. Endean Fang K. Loh Robert P. Rapp

The outcomes of intra-arterial urokinase versus surgery for acute peripheral arterial occlusion (PAO) were compared. Patients at a university hospital who had received intraarterial urokinase for PAO were identified by computer and pair-matched on the basis of comorbidities, age, sex, and site of occlusion to computer-selected patients who had undergone surgery. Only patients with category I or II ischemia were considered. The study period for the urokinase group was February 1995 through January 1996, and the period for the surgery group was June 1993 through January 1996. Twenty-eight patients in each group met the selection criteria. Patients who had received urokinase had a significantly shorter median length of stay (8.5 days) than patients in the surgery group (13 days) and significantly fewer infectious complications (2 versus 10). No differences in amputation rates, total hospital costs, or mortality rates were detected. Patients who received intra-arterial urokinase for PAO had a shorter length of stay in the hospital and fewer infectious complications than those who underwent surgery.

Vascular surgery

10.1093/ajhp/54.17.1963

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Citations (3)

The behavior of H2O and CO2 in high-temperature lead borate solution calorimetry of volatile-bearing phases

American Mineralogist (1994)

Alexandra Navrotsky Robert P. Rapp Eugene A. Smelik P. C. Burnley Susan Circone

High-temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry with molten 2PbO{center_dot} B{sub 2}O{sub 3} as a solvent can be used for determining enthalpies of formation of carbonates and hydrous silicates. Under conditions of gas flow at 1-2 cm{sup 3}/s, all H{sub 2}O and CO{sub 2} is expelled from the solvent, leading to a reproducible final thermodynamic state. Both analytical data and a number of thermodynamic cycles show that, under these conditions, the volatiles neither dissolve in nor interact energetically with the melt. 27 refs., 4 figs., 4 tabs.

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Citations (99)

Rapid Calculations for Emergency Practice

Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy (1977)

Ronald E. Baars Ann B. Amerson Robert P. Rapp

10.1177/106002807701101004

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Citations (0)

Gram-Negative Bacteria

Humana Press eBooks (2001)

Robert P. Rapp Kenneth E. Record

The cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria has a very distinctive layered look under the electron microscope and is dramatically different from the Gram-positive cell wall. The inner layer consists of a thin peptidoglycan layer; the outer layer or outer membrane is a protein containing bilayer. The inner component of the outer membrane consists of lipids and the outer layer is composed of macromolecules known as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or endotoxin. The LPS layer serves as a lipid barrier to water-soluble molecules, preventing their passage into the periplasmic space. Water-filled channels known as "porin channels" are located at regular intervals in the outer membrane. These porin channels allow certain ions and molecules, including antimicrobial agents, to pass through the outer membrane. One of the major mechanisms of resistance in Gram-negative bacteria is the inability of an antibiotic to pass through either the LPS layer or via the porin channels. If antimicrobial agents cannot gain entrance into the Gram-negative cell then the target sites for these agents cannot be accessed and resistance is seen. Based on the chemical structure of the molecule, some antimicrobial agents can pass via the porin channels and some cannot. For example, the chemical structure and ionic charge on penicillin G allows the drug to pass through the porin channels of Neisseria species but it cannot pass through the porin channels of most other Gram-negative bacteria, thus limiting its Gram-negative spectrum. Adding an amino group to the penicillin molecule creates ampicillin, which dramatically expands the spectrum of activity to include many Gram-negative bacteria by virtue of better porin channel penetration.

Porin

Gram-Negative Bacteria

10.1007/978-1-59259-036-0_3

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Citations (4)