Susan Yu

Space Telescope Science Institute

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A. P. Marston

European Space Astronomy Centre

Irene Shivaei

Centro de Astrobiología

J. Dupuis

Canadian Space Agency

Edmund Nelan

Space Telescope Science Institute

Marc Maschmann

Airbus (Germany)

Charles W. Bowers

Goddard Space Flight Center

M. Stiavelli

Space Telescope Science Institute

Jeff A. Valenti

Space Telescope Science Institute

Anton M. Koekemoer

Space Telescope Science Institute

B. E. Hesman

Space Telescope Science Institute

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Space Telescope Science Institute

608

Goddard Space Flight Center

331

Northrop Grumman (United States)

142

Johns Hopkins University

Michigan Science Center

University of Arizona

European Space Agency

European Space Research and Technology Centre

Max Planck Institute for Astronomy

Max Planck Society

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Comparative Genomic Analyses of Seventeen Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains: Insights into the Pneumococcal Supragenome

Journal of Bacteriology (2007)

N. Luisa Hiller Benjamin Janto Justin Hogg Robert Boissy Susan Yu

The distributed-genome hypothesis (DGH) states that pathogenic bacteria possess a supragenome that is much larger than the genome of any single bacterium and that these pathogens utilize genetic recombination and a large, noncore set of genes as a means of diversity generation. We sequenced the genomes of eight nasopharyngeal strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from pediatric patients with upper respiratory symptoms and performed quantitative genomic analyses among these and nine publicly available pneumococcal strains. Coding sequences from all strains were grouped into 3,170 orthologous gene clusters, of which 1,454 (46%) were conserved among all 17 strains. The majority of the gene clusters, 1,716 (54%), were not found in all strains. Genic differences per strain pair ranged from 35 to 629 orthologous clusters, with each strain's genome containing between 21 and 32% noncore genes. The distribution of the orthologous clusters per genome for the 17 strains was entered into the finite-supragenome model, which predicted that (i) the S. pneumoniae supragenome contains more than 5,000 orthologous clusters and (ii) 99% of the orthologous clusters ( approximately 3,000) that are represented in the S. pneumoniae population at frequencies of >or=0.1 can be identified if 33 representative genomes are sequenced. These extensive genic diversity data support the DGH and provide a basis for understanding the great differences in clinical phenotype associated with various pneumococcal strains. When these findings are taken together with previous studies that demonstrated the presence of a supragenome for Streptococcus agalactiae and Haemophilus influenzae, it appears that the possession of a distributed genome is a common host interaction strategy.

Comparative Genomics

Strain (injury)

10.1128/jb.00690-07

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Citations (286)

The Science Performance of JWST as Characterized in Commissioning

Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (2023)

Jane R. Rigby Marshall D. Perrin Michael W. McElwain Randy A. Kimble S. D. Friedman

Abstract This paper characterizes the actual science performance of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), as determined from the six month commissioning period. We summarize the performance of the spacecraft, telescope, science instruments, and ground system, with an emphasis on differences from pre-launch expectations. Commissioning has made clear that JWST is fully capable of achieving the discoveries for which it was built. Moreover, almost across the board, the science performance of JWST is better than expected; in most cases, JWST will go deeper faster than expected. The telescope and instrument suite have demonstrated the sensitivity, stability, image quality, and spectral range that are necessary to transform our understanding of the cosmos through observations spanning from near-earth asteroids to the most distant galaxies.

10.1088/1538-3873/acb293

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Citations (229)

The James Webb Space Telescope Mission

arXiv (Cornell University) (2023)

Jonathan P. Gardner John C. Mather R. Abbott James S. Abell Mark Abernathy

Twenty-six years ago a small committee report, building on earlier studies, expounded a compelling and poetic vision for the future of astronomy, calling for an infrared-optimized space telescope with an aperture of at least $4m$. With the support of their governments in the US, Europe, and Canada, 20,000 people realized that vision as the $6.5m$ James Webb Space Telescope. A generation of astronomers will celebrate their accomplishments for the life of the mission, potentially as long as 20 years, and beyond. This report and the scientific discoveries that follow are extended thank-you notes to the 20,000 team members. The telescope is working perfectly, with much better image quality than expected. In this and accompanying papers, we give a brief history, describe the observatory, outline its objectives and current observing program, and discuss the inventions and people who made it possible. We cite detailed reports on the design and the measured performance on orbit.

Spitzer Space Telescope

Aperture (computer memory)

10.48550/arxiv.2304.04869

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Comparative supragenomic analyses among the pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae Using a modification of the finite supragenome model

BMC Genomics (2011)

Robert Boissy Azad Ahmed Benjamin Janto Josh Earl Barry G. Hall

Staphylococcus aureus is associated with a spectrum of symbiotic relationships with its human host from carriage to sepsis and is frequently associated with nosocomial and community-acquired infections, thus the differential gene content among strains is of interest.We sequenced three clinical strains and combined these data with 13 publically available human isolates and one bovine strain for comparative genomic analyses. All genomes were annotated using RAST, and then their gene similarities and differences were delineated. Gene clustering yielded 3,155 orthologous gene clusters, of which 2,266 were core, 755 were distributed, and 134 were unique. Individual genomes contained between 2,524 and 2,648 genes. Gene-content comparisons among all possible S. aureus strain pairs (n = 136) revealed a mean difference of 296 genes and a maximum difference of 476 genes. We developed a revised version of our finite supragenome model to estimate the size of the S. aureus supragenome (3,221 genes, with 2,245 core genes), and compared it with those of Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. There was excellent agreement between RAST's annotations and our CDS clustering procedure providing for high fidelity metabolomic subsystem analyses to extend our comparative genomic characterization of these strains.Using a multi-species comparative supragenomic analysis enabled by an improved version of our finite supragenome model we provide data and an interpretation explaining the relatively larger core genome of S. aureus compared to other opportunistic nasopharyngeal pathogens. In addition, we provide independent validation for the efficiency and effectiveness of our orthologous gene clustering algorithm.

10.1186/1471-2164-12-187

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Citations (60)

Interaction of Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis with Oreochromis mossambicus Bulbus arteriosus cell line

Fish & Shellfish Immunology (2016)

Esteban Soto Susan Yu John D. Hansen

Investment

Financial institution

10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.142

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Citations (3)

Development of a novel encapsulated non-viral cell-based therapy for MPS VI

Molecular Genetics and Metabolism (2022)

Erika Pearson Susan Yu Drew Tietz Marissa Donovan Lauren Sohn

10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.11.246

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Citations (0)

A probabilistic model for predicting the probability of no-show in hospital appointments

Health Care Management Science (2011)

Adel Alaeddini Kai Yang Chandan K. Reddy Susan Yu

Health administration

Attendance

10.1007/s10729-011-9148-9

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Citations (91)

The James Webb Space Telescope Mission

Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (2023)

Jonathan P. Gardner John C. Mather R. Abbott James S. Abell Mark Abernathy

Spitzer Space Telescope

Aperture (computer memory)

10.1088/1538-3873/acd1b5

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Citations (212)

Controlled Molecular Organization of Surface Macromolecular Assemblies Based on Stimuli-Responsive Polypeptide Brushes

Biomacromolecules (2008)

Chih‐Tsung Yang Yuli Wang Susan Yu Ying Chang

End-tethered cationic polypeptide brushes of poly(l-lysine) (t-PLL) were combined with three anionic polymers, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), poly(l-glutamic acid) (PLGA), and poly(l-aspartic acid) (PLAA), to form reversible polyelectrolyte complex films at surfaces at neutral pH. The polyelectrolyte complex formation was confirmed by an in situ zeta-potential study and by positive fluorescent images after adding prelabeled anionic polymers. The secondary conformations of the t-PLL complex films depend upon the specific polyelectrolyte with which t-PLL was coupled as studied by circular dichroism and FTIR. Specifically, the random coil chain configuration of the t-PLL film was converted to an α-helical, β-sheet, or random coil structure after forming complexes with PAA, PLGA, or PLAA, respectively. Each of these complexes could be returned to the original random coil t-PLL structure by a dilute acid rinse. Additional thickness and morphological studies from ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy have further shown that the corresponding film thicknesses of the individual solvated films were affected more by the secondary structures in films than by the adsorbed mass or surface net charges. The solvated thickness was reduced significantly after the random coil t-PLL film was coupled with polyanions in forming compact regulated structures in films. This biomimetic approach provides a new opportunity for controlling the molecular organization in surface macromolecular assemblies and may provide a model for structural study of protein complexes on a chip.

10.1021/bm8007956

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Citations (26)

The Science Performance of JWST as Characterized in Commissioning

arXiv (Cornell University) (2022)

Jane R. Rigby Marshall D. Perrin Michael W. McElwain Randy A. Kimble Scott L. Friedman

This paper characterizes the actual science performance of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), as determined from the six month commissioning period. We summarize the performance of the spacecraft, telescope, science instruments, and ground system, with an emphasis on differences from pre-launch expectations. Commissioning has made clear that JWST is fully capable of achieving the discoveries for which it was built. Moreover, almost across the board, the science performance of JWST is better than expected; in most cases, JWST will go deeper faster than expected. The telescope and instrument suite have demonstrated the sensitivity, stability, image quality, and spectral range that are necessary to transform our understanding of the cosmos through observations spanning from near-earth asteroids to the most distant galaxies.

10.48550/arxiv.2207.05632

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Citations (15)