N. Artemis

AHEPA University Hospital

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Dimitris Karacostas

AHEPA University Hospital

Ioannis Milonas

Democritus University of Thrace

G. Karoutas

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

Dimitrios Karacostas

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

John Logothetis

The General Hospital of Heraklion "Venizeleio-Pananio"

J. Milonas

AHEPA University Hospital

Nikolaos Grigoriadis

AHEPA University Hospital

I. Poulios

AHEPA University Hospital

G. Karkavelas

AHEPA University Hospital

D. Parisis

Cooperative Institutions

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

AHEPA University Hospital

Agios Pavlos General Hospital

Neurology, Inc

University of Turin

University of Vienna

Chang Gung University

Medizinische Hochschule Hannover

Universidad de Alcalá

Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias

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2-19-07 The assessment of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) after median and posterior tibial nerve stimulation to lesions of the cervical spine cord

Journal of the Neurological Sciences (1997)

S. Tsounis S. Sidiropoulou Ch. Bairactaris N. Artemis Ioannis Milonas

Somatosensory evoked potential

Tibial nerve

10.1016/s0022-510x(97)85343-9

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Isolated Ocular Ischemic Syndrome with no Cerebral Involvement in Common Carotid Artery Occlusion

European Journal of Ophthalmology (2001)

Dimitris Karacostas Chryssa Terzidou S. Voutas J. Rafou N. Artemis

The ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) is sometimes a complication of common carotid artery (CCA) occlusion causing complete interruption of blood flow through both the internal and external carotid arteries we investigated a single case of an isolated OIS that remained undiagnosed for two years, because the underlying CCA pathology caused no cerebral involvement.A 57-year-old man presented with subacute painful visual loss in the right eye in a setting of hypertension, smoking and coronary artery disease. RESULTS. Neurological examination, a brain CT and MRI scan were all normal. Extensive laboratory work-up excluded small artery disease, inflammatory arteritis or cardiac causes of retinal embolism. Ophthalmologic evaluation and fluorescein angiography gave findings consistent with OIS, while vascular ultrasound evaluation and aortic arch angiography verified right CCA occlusion accompanied by an extensive collateral network.Had this patient been referred sooner for a simple carotid artery work-up, both the CCA occlusion and the OIS could probably had been prevented.

Collateral circulation

Arteritis

Retinal Artery Occlusion

10.1177/112067210101100121

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Citations (12)

Bilateral thalamic infarcts presenting as acute pseudobulbar palsy.

PubMed (1994)

Dimitris Karacostas N. Artemis Sotirios Giannopoulos Ioannis Milonas J Bogousslavsky

A 28-year-old, previously healthy, normotensive woman suddenly developed an acute pseudobulbar palsy with dysarthria, dysphagia, hypernasal voice and mild right arm paresis. Extensive laboratory investigations excluded all other possible causes of acute pseudobulbar palsy (neoplastic, inflammatory, demyelinative, myasthenic) and an MRI study demonstrated bilateral isolated thalamic infarcts. Oral contraceptives and smoking were the only possible stroke risk factors found and cerebral diaschisis the most tenuous explanation proposed. To our knowledge, this is the first report indicating that bilateral thalamic infarction on specific nuclei could be manifested as acute pseudobulbar palsy.

Pseudobulbar palsy

Paresis

Dysarthria

Stroke

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The pharmacological effects of buflomedil in patients with multi-cerebral infarcts dementia: an open, preliminary assessment

Current Medical Research and Opinion (1987)

G. Karoutas Ioannis Milonas N. Artemis Dimitris Karacostas J. Pitas

SummaryThe influence of buflomedil on brain circulation was investigated in an open, preliminary trial in 12 patients with dementia caused by multi-cerebral infarcts. Patients were given 150 mg buflomedil 3-times daily for a period of 6 months. Assessments carried out before treatment included regional cerebral blood flow measurements, using a 133Xenon technique, as well as psychometric tests (Weschler and Benton), psychiatric and neurological evaluations, and routine clinical and laboratory (blood and urine) examinations. The tests and investigations were repeated on Days 90 and 180 of treatment. The results showed that mean regional cerebral blood flow increased by 15% to 22% and 16% to 24% in the right and left hemispheres, respectively, by the end of the trial, and marked improvements were noted in psychiatric symptoms and scores in the psychometric tests. A controlled, double-blind study is being planned to validate these preliminary findings.

Vascular dementia

10.1185/03007998709111107

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Citations (5)

Preoperative evaluation of patients with extracranial carotid disease. Plethysmographic criteria for the use of a shunt, and for avoidance of surgery

Acta Neurochirurgica (1988)

N. Artemis Dimitrios Kiskinis Dimitrios Karacostas G. Karoutas Th. Halkias

Collateral circulation

Circle of Willis

Interventional radiology

Plethysmograph

Neuroradiology

External carotid artery

10.1007/bf01424562

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Citations (3)

Predictable ventricular shift after focal cerebral ischaemia in rats: practical considerations for intraventricular therapeutic interventions

Laboratory Animals (2009)

Athanasios Lourbopoulos Nikolaos Grigoriadis Dimitris Karacostas E Spandou N. Artemis

Intracerebroventricular (ICV) route of administration is a useful experimental method to study the effects of chemicals or cellular grafts in the ventricular compartment of the brain after focal ischaemia. However, the induced oedema may cause structural dislocating phenomena and render a stereotaxic ICV invasion difficult and practically unavailable especially during the acute post-ischaemia phase. The aim of this study was to measure these structural ventricular dislocations and set new stereotaxic coordinates for successful and cost-effective ICV invasion 6–18 h after focal cerebral ischaemia. Wistar rats were subjected to 2 h middle cerebral artery occlussion (t-MCAO), were neurologically evaluated (modified Neurological Stroke Scale [mNSS], modified Bederson's Scale [mBS] and grid-walking test [GWT]) and brain slides were studied at 6 and 18 h post-occlusion for infarction volume, hemispheric oedema, middle line dislocation and stereotaxia of the lateral ventricles. Our data indicated that stereotaxic coordinates of the lateral ventricles in the infarcted and contralateral hemispheres significantly ( P < 0.05) changed at both time-points and were linearly correlated with the mNSS, mBS and some GWT scores ( P < 0.001). This correlation allowed for the calculation of simple (linear) mathematical equations (stereotaxic coordinate = b0 + b1*mNSS, where ‘ b0’ and ‘b1’ are fixed number and factor, respectively, calculated by regression analysis) that determined individually new coordinates for each animal. Verification experiments revealed that the new coordinates render ICV invasion feasible in up to 80% of infarcted rats (number needed to treat 1.65), compared with only 19.4% using the classical coordinates for normal rats. Therefore, we propose a new, time- and cost-effective methodology for practically feasible ICV invasion in rats 6–18 h after t-MCAO.

Cerebral ischaemia

Cerebral ventricle

10.1258/la.2009.009043

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Citations (6)

Beneficial Effect of Piracetam Monotherapy on Post-Ischaemic Palatal Myoclonus

Journal of International Medical Research (1999)

Dimitris Karacostas T Doskas N. Artemis K Vadicolias I. Milonas

A 70-year-old hypertensive woman suffered a subarachnoid haemorrhage followed by delayed vasospasm in the basal cerebral arteries. This resulted in multiple ischaemic lesions in the right middle cerebral artery region and contralateral post-ischaemic palatal myoclonus. In this setting, piracetam administered in high doses (24 − 36 g/day), abolished the myoclonus observed in this patient. Although there is evidence from case reports and clinical trials of the therapeutic efficacy of piracetam in patients with skeletal myoclonus of various causes, to our knowledge this is the first report indicating the beneficial effect of piracetam monotherapy on post-ischaemic palatal myoclonus.

Piracetam

Ischaemic stroke

Nimodipine

10.1177/030006059902700408

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Citations (11)

The evaluation of blood flow Xe133 in different degrees experimentally induced carotid stenosis.

PubMed (1988)

N. Artemis G. Karoutas Dimitris Karacostas Charalampos Liasidis John Logothetis

The present study was conducted in order to detect the possible relationship between the degree of carotid artery stenosis and the morphology, width of Xe133 curves and the absolute value of blood flow volume, obtained by the intra-carotid injection of Xe133 in 21 dogs (Groups A,B,C, n = 7 in each). In Group B the morphology of Xe133 curves revealed a double peak on the vertical part and the width a 57% decrease on the same part as compared to the control (Group A), while the per min blood flow value decreased by 47%. In Group C an elevation of the horizontal part was observed in all animals, the width of the vertical part could not be measured and the horizontal part showed a 10% increase as compared to the control Group A. Finally, the per minute blood flow value decreased by 75% compared to the controls.

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Improvement of cerebral circulation by extracorporal collateral between the femoral and the external carotid artery in experimentally induced ischaemia

Acta Neurochirurgica (1987)

G. Karoutas Ph. Tsitsopoulos Nikolaos Taskos Dimitris Karacostas N. Artemis

Collateral circulation

Cerebral circulation

Neuroradiology

External carotid artery

Interventional radiology

10.1007/bf01406668

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Carotid compression test and supraorbital photoelectric plethysmography in patients with carotid TIAs.

PubMed (1987)

N. Artemis Dimitris Karacostas G. Karoutas Ioannis Milonas John Logothetis

Fifty-two patients with carotid transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) were subjected to subsequent compression of the common carotid and superficial temporal artery. An EEG recording was monitored simultaneously with plethysmograms from both supraorbital regions during the arterial compression period. All patients were angiographically classified as normal (Group A, n = 25) with less than 50% stenosis (Group B, n = 14) and with more than 50% stenosis (Group C, n = 13), according to the degree of internal carotid stenosis. The carotid compression test was positive in 6 (11%) of our 52 patients, corresponding to 1 (4%) patient from Group A, 1 (7%) from Group B and 4 (30%) from Group C. In contrast, supraorbital photoelectric plethysmography (SOPPL) yielded abnormal results in 17 (33%) of our 52 patients, corresponding to 3 (12%) patients from Group A, 4 (28%) from Group B and 10 (77%) from Group C. We conclude that in view of the false positive results (12%) obtained with the SOPPL technique, the clinician who interprets these findings should be careful and combine these tests with other tests, preferably hemodynamic, for a final decision about the patient's status.

Plethysmograph

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