Edwin A. Knecht

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

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James S. Kesner

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

Edward F. Krieg

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

William J. Moorman

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

Mark Toraason

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

Gary L. Wright

East Tennessee State University

Jonathan A. Bernstein

University of Cincinnati Medical Center

Raymond E. Biagini

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

John C. Clark

University of Cambridge

James E. Lockey

University of Cincinnati Medical Center

Susan Reutman

University of Cincinnati Medical Center

Cooperative Institutions

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

United States Department of Health and Human Services

University of Cincinnati

University of Cincinnati Medical Center

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

National Institutes of Health

Triangle

Environmental Protection Agency

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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Periodic, short-term heat exposure and reproductive function in male and female rats

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology (1978)

Edwin A. Knecht Gary L. Wright Mark Toraason

Reproductive function of male and female rats was examined in relation to periodic, short-term heat treatment. Daily exposure to an environmental temperature of 38.2 °C for 55 min elevated rectal temperatures to 39.9 and 41.2 °C in male and female rats, respectively. Heat exposure tended to decrease copulation in males cohabitated with unhealed females. The rate of conception was affected similarly, and fetal survival tended to be reduced by paternal heat treatment. Estrous cycles were disrupted initially in heat-exposed females, but the rate of copulation and conception of females cohabitated with unheated males was unaltered by heat treatment. However, maternal heat exposure impaired prenatal survival and growth. During lactation, a high incidence of maternal and pup deaths was observed at approximately 14 days postpartum. Maternal deaths were coincident with a decrease in thermoregulatory ability and rectal temperatures exceeding 42 °C.

Rectal temperature

10.1139/y78-119

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Citations (7)

Pulmonary reactivity to vanadium pentoxide following subchronic inhalation exposure in a non‐human primate animal model

Journal of Applied Toxicology (1992)

Edwin A. Knecht William J. Moorman John C. Clark R. Hull Raymond E. Biagini

An experimental study was conducted to evaluate changes in pulmonary reactivity resulting from repeated vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) dust inhalation. The study assessed pulmonary reactivity to V2O5 through the use of provocation challenges, and compared V2O5 reactivity before and after subchronic V2O5 exposure. A total of 24 adult, male cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were exposed by inhalation for 6 h per day, 5 days per week, for 26 weeks. Two V2O5-exposed groups (n = 8 each) received equal weekly V2O5 exposures (concentration x time) with different exposure profiles. One V2O5-exposed group received 0.1 mg V2O5 m-3 on Mondays, Wednesday and Fridays, with a twice-weekly peak exposure of 1.1 mg V2O5 m-3 on Tuesdays and Thursdays, and was included to investigate the influence of an exposure regimen with peaks on the development of pulmonary hyper-reactivity. The other V2O5-exposed group received a constant daily concentration of 0.5 mg V2O5 m-3. A control group (n = 8) received filtered, conditioned air. Pre-exposure challenges with V2O5 produced a concentration-dependent impairment in pulmonary function, characterized by airway obstructive changes (increased resistance and decreased flow). Analysis of respiratory cells recovered from the lung by bronchoalveolar lavage demonstrated that airway obstruction was accompanied by a significant influx of inflammatory cells into the lung. Subchronic V2O5 inhalation did not produce an increase in V2O5 reactivity in comparison to the control group, and cytological, immunological and skin test results indicate the absence of allergic sensitization. Instead, a trend toward decreased pulmonary reactivity was found following subchronic V2O5 inhalation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

10.1002/jat.2550120611

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Citations (26)

Stability of urinary female reproductive hormones stored under various conditions

Reproductive Toxicology (1995)

James S. Kesner Edwin A. Knecht Edward F. Krieg

10.1016/0890-6238(95)00005-u

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Citations (54)

[Functional examination of the small intestine. D-xylose absorption test. Modification for its use in the pediatric gastroenterologic routine].

PubMed (1972)

Vernengo Lima Mh Ortiz Jp Striani Oa Villar Oa Edwin A. Knecht

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An algorithm for detecting features of the hormone profiles of the human menstrual cycle

Computers in Biology and Medicine (1999)

Edward F. Krieg James S. Kesner Edwin A. Knecht

SIGNAL (programming language)

10.1016/s0010-4825(99)00007-4

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Immune responses of cynomolgus monkeys to phthalic anhydride

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1988)

Raymond E. Biagini David I. Bernstein Joan S. Gallagher William J. Moorman Edwin A. Knecht

Phthalic anhydride

10.1016/0091-6749(88)90046-2

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Citations (11)

Colonic heating patterns and the variation of thermal resistance among rats

Journal of Applied Physiology (1977)

Gary L. Wright Edwin A. Knecht David H. Wasserman

Variation (astronomy)

10.1152/jappl.1977.43.1.59

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Citations (30)

Power analyses and immunoassays for measuring reproductive hormones in urine to assess female reproductive potential in field studies.

PubMed (1992)

James S. Kesner Edward F. Krieg Edwin A. Knecht Dollis M Wright

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Citations (10)

Cardiovascular effects of whole-body heating in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Journal of Applied Physiology (1978)

Gavin Wright Edwin A. Knecht Mark Toraason

The cardiovascular response to severe whole-body heating was examined in anesthetized spontaneously hypertensive (SH) (mean BP = 140 Torr) and normotensive (N) rats (mean BP = 96 Torr). Elevation of colonic temperature to 44 degrees C resulted in an initial increase in arterial pressure (mean BP: SH = 199 Torr, N = 124 Torr) with a subsequent severe hypotension. There was little evidence to suggest that this collapse in systemic pressure was related to a direct heat impairment of cardiac function. It was more likely the result of a progressive venodilation which produced venous pooling and decreased venous return. The arterial blood pressure response to exogenous catecholamine challenge decreased at elevated temperatures. This suggests that there was a deterioration of the vasoconstrictor response and indicated a possible effect of heat at the receptor or effector level. There were significant differences between the responses of normotensive and hypertensive rats to whole-body heating suggesting an enhanced cardiovascular sensitivity in hypertensive rats that may partially explain earlier reports of inferior thermoregulation and heat intolerance in these animals.

Torr

Venous return curve

10.1152/jappl.1978.45.4.521

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Citations (17)

Maternal lead exposure inhibits intestinal calcium absorption in rat pups

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (1981)

Mark Toraason Jeffery S. Barbe Edwin A. Knecht

Lead (geology)

10.1016/0041-008x(81)90135-6

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Citations (4)