A study to determine the effect of maltose supplement in andromed based semen extender on the viability of buffalo’s epididymal spermatozoa following 12 and 24 hour storage as liquid semen. Epididymal spermatozoa were collected by combined methods of slicing, flushing and tissue pressure. The spermatozoa was then diluted with three different extenders, i.e Andromed only (A) as control, Andromed + 0.2% w/v Maltose (M1) and Andromed + 0.4% w/v Maltose (M2) as treatments. The percentages of progressively motil spermatozoa in the liquid semen in the following treatment of A, M1 and M2 were 48.33%; 53.33% and 55% respectively (after 12h of storage), and 45%; 46.67% dan 45% respectively (after 24h of storage). Besides, the percentage of live spermatozoa in A, M1 and M2 after 12h of storage were 70.33%; 72 % and 72.33 % and after 24h of storage were 66.33%; 70% and 70.67 %. In conclusion, the addition of 0.2% and 0.4% w/v maltose into Andromed extender could maintain the life of the spotted buffalo epididymal spermatozoa after storage for 4°C up to 24 hours.
An experiment was designed to study the growth phenotypes of piglets born to sows injected withpregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) prior to mating inorder to improve endogenous secretions of pregnant hormones during pregnancy. The experimental sowsused in this study were 10 local breed sows with body weight ranges of 30-40 kg. Before mating, estrouscycles of the experimental sows were synchronized by injecting 3.75 mg prostaglandin twice with 14 daysinterval. The experimental sows were then divided into two groups, each consisted of 5 sows. The firstgroup was injected with 200 IU PMSG and 100 IU hCG per sow at the same time with the secondprostaglandin injection (day 15th), while the second group was not injected with PMSG and hCG but it wasinjected with NaCl 0.95% as a control. After showing estrous behavior, the experimental sows were mixedwith selected boars for natural mating. The pregnant sows were maintained until farrowing and weaning. Variable measured were body weights and body lengths and leg heights of the piglets at birth andweaning. The results showed that injection of the sows with PMSG and hCG prior to the mating, increasedbirth weight by 76.92% and total birth weight of live piglets per sow by 265.6% as compared to control.Piglets born to sows injected with PMSG and hCG prior to mating had higher survival rate with adramatically decreased mortality and a higher pre-weaning growth rate that finally increased total weightof weaned pigs per sows dramatically by 107.44% (increased 2 times) as compared to control. It is concludedthat the growth phenotypes of local piglets could be improved by injecting the sows with gonadotropinbefore mating.
Animals' productivity and health status in tropical regions are significantly influenced by their ability to adapt to hot and humid tropical environments. This study aimed to compare the heat tolerance of the Ongole-cross (OC), Simmental-cross (SC), and Limousin-cross (LC) breeds raised in Astomulyo Village, Lampung Tengah District. This location had a high environmental stress index in the afternoon and moderate environmental stress in the morning and evening. Most cattle have a Heat Tolerance Coefficient (HTC) above 100, and there are no significant differences in HTC values among cattle breeds. The OC, SC, and LC cattle breeds exhibit good heat tolerance and can adapt to hot and humid environments in Lampung Tengah District.
Haematological profile is important to determine the physiological condition of an individual, and morphology of red blood cells can also be helpful in making a diagnosis of a disease.The size of red blood cells affects the ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen.In some clinical events shape and size of red blood cells will be changed.Bats are the only mammals that have the ability to fly.The ability of bats to fly would require bats to be able to bind more oxygen, therefor bat should have enough of energy while flying.The present study was conducted on 12 Cynopterus tithaecheilus (7 males and 5 females) to study about haematological profile.Blood samples were taken using tuberculin needle and analyzed by hematology analyzer for hematological value.Size of red blood cells was taken using bloods smear and analyzed by imageJ software.Cynopterus tithaecheilus show the higher number of red blood cells, but the size were smaller compared to the other mammals which has same body size.Mean while the concentration of hemoglobin and hematocrit were higher.The present result suggested that these haematological values might provide a greater transport oxygen capacity in the Cynopterus tithaecheilus.
The aims of this research were to determine diurnal patterns of testosterone and cortisol metabolites to predict the testis functional status. In this study, fecal testosterone and cortisol were quantified in 77 samples from three male Hylobates moloch during a course of three months period. These data showed that the highest concentration of fecal testosterone occured at 18.00-06.00 (23.61 ng/g dried feces), then declined gradually. The lowest concentration was in the evening (5.54 ng/g dried feces). Our tests showed that there was a decrease in the mean testosterone concentration from 06.00-10.00 to 10.00-14.00 to 14.00-18.00. For cortisol, the highest concentration occured at 06.00-10.00 (597.84 ng/g dried feces), then decline gradually in the evening (225.73 ng/g dried feces).
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