H. Kim

Pennsylvania State University

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Thomas N. Jackson

Pennsylvania State University

Susan Trolier‐McKinstry

Pennsylvania State University

Kang-Il Choi

Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute

Richard L. Tutwiler

Pennsylvania State University

Flavio Griggio

Microsoft (United States)

I. Kim

Pennsylvania State University

I. G. Mina

Pennsylvania State University

N.K. Bose

New York Stem Cell Foundation

Seyit O. Ural

Pennsylvania State University

Michelle G. Newman

Pennsylvania State University

Cooperative Institutions

Pennsylvania State University

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Park University

University of Tennessee at Knoxville

Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences

University of California, Berkeley

University of Maryland, Baltimore

Stanford University

University of California, San Francisco

Seoul National University Bundang Hospital

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Data Analysis of the Influence of Various Forms of Music on the Heart Rate of a Dog and Human

Journal of Knowledge Learning and Science Technology ISSN 2959-6386 (online) (2023)

J.-H Choi J Park Ryan L. Kim Joanne Lee H. Kim

This research’s goal is to give a better understanding of the heart rate of dogs & humans, and how hearing affects the heart rate. According to the medical experts of Small Door Veterinary, nearly 10% of pet dogs develop heart failure causing more and more dog owners to be concerned about this issue. Also, research and studies from the doctors in Mount Elizabeth have shown how stress is one popular reason why people suffer from heart problems to anxiety (Abel, Kelvin and En, 2023). One example of what people do to relieve stress is by listening to music. Researchers at Stanford University have noted that music is something anyone can use and is a great stress-reduction tool (News Center, 2007). Colorado State College of Veterinary Medicine study has also revealed that easy listening music has a soothing, therapeutic effect on dogs and may mitigate stress (Classical Music Calms Shelter Dogs, New Colorado State University Study Says | News & Media Relations | Colorado State University, 2012). Our participants listened to 2 sets of music in each genre. Then checked the average heartbeat rate by using the PISCO nursing practice stethoscope. After an analysis on the average of the two music in each genre, it shows that songs that fall into the category of pop or rock increased the heartbeat of the dog compared to the average heartbeat after listening to calm genres such as jazz.

Heart beat

Stethoscope

Jazz

10.60087/jklst.vol2.n3.p130

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Citations (0)

The importance of hydrologic and lithologic controls on pCO 2 and pO 2 dynamics in the soil atmosphere in a temperate forest at meters depth

2015 AGU Fall Meeting (2015)

H. Kim Gary E. Stinchcomb Susan L. Brantley

Temperate forest

Source

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Approaches toward restoration of bilinearly degraded images

IEEE Transactions on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing (1987)

H. Kim N.K. Bose

In response to the practical need for restoring images which are degraded by systems which are bilinear, this paper focuses on the development and application of tools required for this purpose. When the blurring phenomenon can be modeled by a shift-variant bilinear system, the data restoration problem can be most conveniently formulated as a special system of linear equations with nonnegative coefficients, whose solution is required to satisfy constraints like nonnegativity in addition to it being factorable with the factors having a certain characterizing property. Recursive techniques for restoration are first developed when the blurring system is either causal or weakly causal. It is shown how these recursive techniques when applied several times and the solutions superposed can, sometimes, be used to restore images degraded by noncausal blurs. Algorithms based on noniterative and iterative schemes are, subsequently, developed to tackle directly the noncausal blurs. Performances of the various algorithms when applied to noisy images are briefly compared.

10.1109/tassp.1987.1165113

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Citations (9)

Piezoelectric thin films for a high frequency ultrasound transducer with integrated electronics

IEEE Sensors (2010)

H. Kim Flavio Griggio I.S. Kim Kang-Il Choi Richard L. Tutwiler

Lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric films were integrated into prototype one-dimensional array transducers. The geometry used for transducer arrays is a xylophone-bar type with a length:width aspect ratio greater than 5:1 in order to isolate the desired resonance modes. The PZT and remaining films in the stack were patterned using ion-beam etching and partially released from the underlying silicon substrate by XeF ₂ etching. Impedance measurements on the fabricated structures showed resonance frequencies between 3 and 70 MHz for fully and partially released structures depending on the transducer dimensions and vibration modes. In-water transmit and receive functionalities have been demonstrated. A bandwidth on receive of 66 % has been determined for partially released structures.

Lead zirconate titanate

10.1109/icsens.2010.5690594

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Medical Applications of Piezoelectric Microelectromechanical Systems

Integrated ferroelectrics (2013)

Flavio Griggio H. Kim Seyit O. Ural Thomas N. Jackson Kang-Il Choi

Bulk piezoelectric ceramics and single crystals are widely used in medical applications, including medical ultrasonic imaging, therapeutic ultrasound, and drug delivery. This paper reviews possibilities for thin film micromachined components as alternatives to the bulk devices. Particular emphasis is placed on the development of a CMOS-compatible ultrasound system. For this purpose, a piezoelectric ultrasound system on a Si substrate was fabricated using a diaphragm geometry transducer with PZT films. A 1-D array of 8 elements was designed and fabricated using 4 photolithography steps. Cavities under the resonating elements were obtained by XeF2 etching from the top-side of the wafer. Capacitance and admittance spectra showed a resonance at ∼ 42 MHz for the fabricated structures with a quality factor of 2.1, this resonance was higher than the one predicted by the natural frequency equation for circular plate. Catch- and pitch-mode tests were performed in water. Sensing and actuating functionalities were demonstrated for the fabricated devices, with collected signals of 40 mV peak-to-peak at a distance of 7.2 mm during the catch-mode test and amplitudes as high as 15 mV peak-to-peak at a distance of 7.4 mm during the pitch-mode test. A bandwidth of 83% was calculated during pitch-mode test.

Diaphragm (acoustics)

Admittance

10.1080/10584587.2012.694741

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Citations (6)

Worry and Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Review

Elsevier eBooks (2017)

Michelle G. Newman Sang-Ik T. Cho H. Kim

Worry

10.1016/b978-0-12-809324-5.05108-7

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Citations (11)

(‐)‐Epicatechin Content in Fermented and Unfermented Cocoa Beans

Journal of Food Science (1984)

H. Kim P. G. Keeney

ABSTRACT As determined by high performance liquid chromatography, (‐)‐ epicatechin concentrations among freshly harvested beans of verified genetic origin ranged from 21.89–43.27 mg/g of dry defatted samples. Fermented beans showed much lower concentrations (2–10 mg). During fermentation, a trend towards decrease in (‐)‐epicatechin content was observed. Commercial beans from areas with reputations for shipping well‐fermented products contained lower levels of (‐)‐epicatechin than beans from regions where fermentation is less extensive.

10.1111/j.1365-2621.1984.tb10400.x

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Citations (215)

3G-2 A Novel Ultrasonic Imaging System with Integrated Electronics and High Frequency PZT Transducers

I. Kim H. Kim S. K. Park I. G. Mina Thomas N. Jackson

A fully custom designed CMOS transceiver chip for high frequency ultrasound imaging applications is described. The chip consists of nine transceiver channels with a programmable beamformer. On the chip, 8 bit 250 MS/s A/D converters digitize analog signals from the transducers and nine 3 Kbyte/channel SRAM store the digitized data for each of the nine channels. The chip was fabricated in a 0.35 mum standard CMOS process. The area is 26.83 mm ² and its total power consumption is below 1.5 W at 3.3 V power supply

Transceiver

Application-specific integrated circuit

10.1109/ultsym.2006.178

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Citations (3)

Substrate Clamping Effects on Irreversible Domain Wall Dynamics in Lead Zirconate Titanate Thin Films

Physical Review Letters (2012)

Flavio Griggio Stephen Jesse Amit Kumar Oleg Ovchinnikov H. Kim

The role of long-range strain interactions on domain wall dynamics is explored through macroscopic and local measurements of nonlinear behavior in mechanically clamped and released polycrystalline lead zirconate-titanate (PZT) films. Released films show a dramatic change in the global dielectric nonlinearity and its frequency dependence as a function of mechanical clamping. Furthermore, we observe a transition from strong clustering of the nonlinear response for the clamped case to almost uniform nonlinearity for the released film. This behavior is ascribed to increased mobility of domain walls. These results suggest the dominant role of collective strain interactions mediated by the local and global mechanical boundary conditions on the domain wall dynamics. The work presented in this Letter demonstrates that measurements on clamped films may considerably underestimate the piezoelectric coefficients and coupling constants of released structures used in microelectromechanical systems, energy harvesting systems, and microrobots.

Lead zirconate titanate

Domain wall (magnetism)

10.1103/physrevlett.108.157604

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Citations (122)

High Frequency Piezoelectric MEMS Devices

Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics/Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics (2007)

I. G. Mina H. Kim I. Kim S. Park Kang-Il Choi

High frequency ultrasound array transducers are being explored for high resolution imaging systems. This increase in resolution is made possible by enabling a simultaneous increase in operating frequency (50 MHz to about 1GHz) and close-coupling of the electrical circuitry. Several different processing methods are being explored to fabricate array transducers. In one implementation, the piezoelectric transducer is prepared by mist deposition of PbZr _0.52 Ti _0.48 O ₃ (PZT) films over Ni posts. In addition, a xylophone bar transducer has also been prototyped, again using thin film PZT as the active piezoelectric layer. Because the drive voltages of these transducers are low, close coupling of the electrical circuitry is possible. A CMOS transceiver for a 9 element-array has been fabricated in 0.35 μ m process technology. The first generation CMOS transceiver chip contains beamforming electronics, receiver circuitry, and analog to digital converters with 27Kbyte on-chip buffer memory.

Transceiver

10.1109/isaf.2007.4393375

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Citations (1)