The effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of the NK 3 tachykinin receptor agonist, senktide (10 nmol each side), in guinea‐pigs pretreated with the selective NK 3 tachykinin receptor antagonist, SR142801 (3 mg kg −1 subcutaneous, s.c., 30 min before senktide), or its less active enantiomer, SR142806 (3 mg kg −1 s.c. 30 min before senktide), on behaviour and on the distribution of Fos‐like immunoreactivity (Fos‐LI) in central neurones were investigated. Guinea‐pigs were chosen for the study since they possess NK 3 tachykinin receptors with pharmacological characteristics similar to those in man. Wet‐dog shakes, but not locomotor activity, elicited by senktide i.c.v. were significantly reduced by SR142801 but not by SR142806, confirming the involvement of NK 3 tachykinin receptors in wet‐dog shake behaviour. Senktide induced increased numbers of Fos‐LI neurones in the following brain areas: frontal, parietal and piriform cortex, the lateral septum, the CA1, CA2, subiculum and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, most areas in the amygdala, thalamus and hypothalamus, medial geniculate nucleus and the ventral cochlear nucleus. Pretreatment with SR142801, but not with SR142806, before administration of senktide inhibited Fos‐LI expression in the cingulate cortex, dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, some regions of the thalamus, hypothalamus and amygdala and the ventral cochlear nucleus. The present results are the first demonstration that senktide induces Fos‐LI in widespread areas of the guinea‐pig brain. It is proposed that NK 3 tachykinin receptors may play a more extensive role in the control of diverse brain functions, including cortical processing, learning and memory, neuroendocrine and behavioural regulation, than is currently recognized. British Journal of Pharmacology (1997) 122 , 715–725; doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0701416
The present study examined the influence of short- and long-term chronic intermittent immobilization stress throughout the brain and on the adrenal medulla of intact rats using Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-LI) as a marker of cellular activation. The effect of adreno-medullectomy on the central nervous system (CNS) response to chronic immobilization stress was also examined. It was found that control unoperated, unstressed rats had no Fos-LI cells in the brain or in the adrenal medulla. In intact rats, neither short term (1 week) nor long term (4 weeks) chronic intermittent immobilization stress produced significant increases in Fos-LI in the CNS compared with control animals. However, marked increase in the number of Fos-LI cells was observed in the adrenal medulla of animals stressed for 4 weeks compared with control, unstressed animals or those stressed for 1 or 2 weeks. In adreno-medullectomised rats, 4 weeks, but not 1 week, chronic immobilization stress produced significant increases in numbers of Fos-LI neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamic and supraoptic nuclei and the medial amygdala compared with intact animals stressed for a similar period of time. It is concluded that long term stress produces chronic Fos-LI in the adrenal medulla and that adreno-medullectomy increases the Fos response of the PVN, supraoptic nucleus and medial amygdala to long term stress.
Journal Article The effects of a single dose of morphine on the concentration of substance P-like immunoreactivity in rat and guinea-pig brain Get access Loris A Chahl, Loris A Chahl Faculty of Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia Correspondence: L. A. Chahl, Faculty of Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J S Chahl J S Chahl Faculty of Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 46, Issue 1, January 1994, Pages 79–80, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1994.tb03727.x Published: 12 April 2011 Article history Received: 30 April 1993 Published: 12 April 2011
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