Komal Khan

University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

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Sanan Raza

University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

Saima Masood

Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir

Hafsa Zaneb

University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

Güneş Erdoğan

Adnan Menderes University

Zahid Naseer

Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University

Melih Aksoy

Adnan Menderes University

Figen Sevil Kilimci

Adnan Menderes University

Uğur Uçan

Adnan Menderes University

Martin A. Schreiber

Oregon Health & Science University

Ronald G. Manning

University of Miami

Cooperative Institutions

University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

University of Pittsburgh

Adnan Menderes University

University of Pennsylvania

University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

University of Colorado Denver

The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

University of Miami

Denver Health Medical Center

The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

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Biomechanical tests: applications and their reliability for the prediction of bone strength in broiler chicken

Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi (2021)

Komal Khan Figen Sevil Kilimci Mehmet Erkut Kara

The poultry industry is considered potent for the economy of any country because chicken production is an important food source now-a-days. However, skeletal abnormalities are one of the major contributing factors to production loss. For decades researchers are trying to make contributions for the diagnosis of these problems effectively and are giving suggestions for the improvement in their skeletal deficiencies. Bone structural and metabolic disturbances (like tibial dyschondroplasia, osteoporosis and osteoarthrosis) are common in broiler chickens and have emerged in past few years. Due to fast growth and high leg to body weight ratio bone suffers excessive stress and loses the strength. Such conditions are manifested with a tendency for fracture. Understanding of bone quality provides deep information of the mechanical and functional aspects of bone tissues. The measurements of the bone strength can be performed with some methods, like the geometrical indices, radiographic or dual-energy X-ray absorptiometric density measurements, ash content measurements or the assays of bone turnover biomarkers. But biomechanical tests are the core diagnostic tools that can measure bone health parameters with reliable indicators. In this review, an overview of the mechanical tests used to test bone quality has been given and the effectiveness of such methods is discussed using different bones of poultry birds. Knowing the basic concepts on biomechanical tests applied in poultry bones and comparing the results to identify suitable testing methods may input improvement in the dialogue between the researchers interested in the assessment of bone strength at both structural and pathophysiological levels.

Stress Fractures

Core strength

10.24880/maeuvfd.936262

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Citations (4)

Hydrophobic- and fat-dissolved rice straw-C induced equivalent amount of CO2 emission and soil net C balance

Applied Soil Ecology (2023)

Qiao Yunfa Haichao Yang Wu Xingyao Komal Khan Miao Shu-jie

Soil carbon

Rice straw

Amendment

Priming (agriculture)

10.1016/j.apsoil.2023.104973

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Citations (1)

Impact of litter on femur and tibial morphology, bone biomechanics, and leg health parameters in broiler chickens

Animal Bioscience (2023)

Komal Khan Mehmet Kaya Evrim Dereli Fidan Figen Sevil Kilimci

In this study effects of three types of beddings on broiler leg health and bone biomechanics were evaluated.A total of 504 male chicks (Ross 308) were randomly placed on three beddings (4 replicates/group; 42 birds/pen), zeolite-added litter (ZL), plastic-grid flooring (PF), and wood shavings (WS). On day 42, chickens were weighed, slaughtered, and samples (bone, muscle, and drumstick) were collected. Bones were subjected to leg health tests, morphometric measurements, biomechanical testing, and ash analysis.Broilers in PF and WS groups showed higher live weight than the ZL group (p<0.001), and the incidence of tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) and varus valgus deformity due to distal bending was significantly higher in PF (p<0.001). Multinomial logistic regression showed that bedding has a significant (p = 0.038) contribution toward the development of TD. Tibial strength (p = 0.040), drumstick width (p = 0.001), and total femur and epiphyseal ash contents (p = 0.044, 0.016) were higher in the ZL group. Chicken live weight was correlated with tibial length and weight (r = 0.762, 0.725).Flooring and the type of bedding material directly affect broiler bone length, strength and leg health. Plastic bedding improves the slaughter weight of chickens on the expense of leg deformities, and zeolite litter improves leg health and bone strength.

Litter

Biomechanics

10.5713/ab.22.0335

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Sericin-Enriched Rabbit Semen Preservation: Implications for Short-Term Storage Quality and Fertility at 4 or 15°C

Sanan Raza Uğur Uçan Melih Aksoy Güneş Erdoğan Zahid Naseer

The influence of sericin supplementation and chilling temperatures (4°C and 15°C) on the short-term storage quality and fertility of rabbit semen was assessed over 72 hours of storage. In experiment 1, pooled semen (from five ejaculates) was diluted to a concentration of 50M ml−1, and assigned to control, 0.1% and 0.5% sericin groups, stored at 4 or 15°C. Sperm motility, sperm kinematics, viability, membrane and acrosome integrity were assessed at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours of storage. The experiment 2 and 3 were conducted to observe effect of sericin on bacterial growth and in vivo fertility. The results of experiment 1 showed that sericin treatment, storage temperature, and storage duration influenced progressive and total motility, as well as sperm kinematics. Similar effects were observed for acrosome integrity, membrane integrity, and sperm viability. The results of experiment 2 indicated the antimicrobial effects of sericin when sperm were stored at 15C for 72 hours. While promising pregnancy outcomes were observed with sericin treated sperm for 72 hours, these results not significantly different. The study conclusively demonstrates that sericin treatment enhances the quality of rabbit semen when stored at lower temperatures for longer durations. Antimicrobial effects of sericin could be a contributing factor to the improved in-vitro and in-vivo fertility of rabbit sperm.

Rabbit (cipher)

Sericin

Sperm Quality

Male fertility

10.20944/preprints202410.1778.v1

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Comparative Effects of Organic Acids Fed Diet on Morphometry of Visceral Organs and Intestinal Histology of Two Broiler Strains

Hafiz Yasir Ahmad Saima Masood Hafsa Zaneb Asim Aslam Arbab Sikandar

This study aimed to analyze the effect of organic acids (formic acid and propionic acid) on morphometry of different organs and intestinal microarchitecture of two strains of broilers (Hubbard and Cobb strains) commonly reared in Pakistan. One hundred and twenty day old broiler chicks (N=60 belonging to each strain) were divided into 4 groups (N=02 treatment and N=02 control). Birds of control groups were fed a corn-soya based basal diet while treatment groups received similar diet supplemented with organic acids in the ratio of 1gm/ kg of diet. At d-21 of age, fifteen birds from each group were randomly selected for slaughtering and their visceral organs were collected surgically and weighed. The lengths of small and large intestine were measured. The representative samples from all three segments of small intestine were processed to quantify the histomorphometry. Same procedure was repeated for remaining birds at d-42 of age. The results of this study demonstrated that utilization of organic acids improved the weight of visceral organs as well as the height of intestinal villi in exposed broilers. Moreover, there was no significant variation in terms of tested parameters between the two strains of broilers.

Basal (medicine)

Histology

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Role of Diet in Influencing DAS28 Score in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research (2024)

Fatima Tehsin Aflak Rasheed Usman Hafeez Aftab Alam Asad Ullah Nawaz

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory condition that significantly impacts quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests that dietary modifications can influence disease activity and mental health in RA patients.Objective: To investigate the effect of dietary patterns on disease activity, depression, and anxiety in patients with RA.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 RA patients. Dietary intake was assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), while disease activity was measured using the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28). Depression and anxiety were evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scales. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to explore the relationship between diet and outcomes, controlling for age, gender, ESR, and CRP levels.Results: Higher FFQ scores were significantly associated with lower DAS28 (β = -0.42, p = 0.002), depression (β = -0.55, p = 0.008), and anxiety (β = -0.60, p = 0.003) scores. Age, ESR, and CRP also significantly predicted outcomes (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Dietary patterns significantly influenced disease activity and mental health in RA patients. Integrating dietary counseling into RA management may improve clinical and psychological outcomes.

10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1581

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Probiotics supplementation reduces cigarette smoke-induced damage in the respiratory micro-architecture of mice

Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science (2023)

Komal Khan Hafsa Zaneb Saima Masood Saima Ashraf Mirza M. Usman

This study evaluated the protective efficacy of probiotics supplementation against cigarette smoke-induced lung emphysema, inflammation, and loss of cilia in mice. Probiotics are known to promote mucosal tolerance and mitigate respiratory injuries. Twenty-four adult mice were randomly divided into three groups: control (Ctr), cigarette smoke (CS), and cigarette smoke + probiotics (CS+P). Probiotics were given for 7 days before exposure to smoke in the CS+P group. Tissue samples of the trachea (goblet cell count and index, loss of cilia), lungs (airspace distention), and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected and processed. The results showed a significant increase in acidic and neutral goblet cells in the CS group compared to the Ctr and CS+P groups (P < 0.05). Overall, goblet cell number and index were lower in the CS+P group (41.71 ± 5.76, 0.67 ± 0.073) than CS group (56.28 ± 5.34, 1.31 ± 0.28). Inflammatory cells and loss of cilia significantly decreased in mice fed probiotics before exposure to cigarette smoke (P < 0.05). Lung emphysema was also significantly reduced in the CS+P group compared to the CS group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of probiotics reduced lung emphysema, inflammatory cells, goblet cell index, and loss of cilia under conditions of cigarette smoke exposure in mice.

Goblet cell

10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2023.201873

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Sericin-Enriched Rabbit Semen Preservation: Implications for Short-Term Storage Quality and Fertility at 4 or 15 °C

Animals (2024)

Sanan Raza Uğur Uçan Melih Aksoy Güneş Erdoğan Zahid Naseer

The influence of sericin supplementation and chilling temperatures (4 and 15 °C) on the short-term storage quality and fertility of rabbit semen was assessed over 72 h of storage. In experiment 1, pooled semen (five replications) was diluted to a concentration of 50 M mL−1, and assigned to control, 0.1%, and 0.5% sericin groups, stored at 4 or 15 °C. Sperm motility, sperm kinematics, viability, and membrane and acrosome integrity were assessed at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h of storage. Experiments 2 and 3 were conducted to observe the effect of sericin on bacterial growth and in vivo fertility. The results of experiment 1 showed that sericin treatment, storage temperature, and storage duration influenced progressive and total sperm motility. The storage duration affected all sperm kinematics variables, whereas VCL, VSL, VAP, and BCF sperm kinematics altered in response to sericin treatment and storage temperature. Similarly, significant effects of sericin treatment, storage temperature, and storage duration were observed for acrosome integrity, sperm membrane integrity, and sperm viability. The results of experiment 2 indicated the antimicrobial effects of sericin when sperm were stored at 15 °C for 72 h. While promising pregnancy outcomes were observed with sericin-treated sperm for 72 h, these results were not significantly different. This study conclusively demonstrates that sericin treatment enhances the quality of rabbit semen when stored at lower temperatures for longer durations. The antimicrobial effects of sericin could be a contributing factor to the improved in vitro and in vivo fertility of rabbit sperm.

Sericin

Semen quality

Sperm Quality

10.3390/ani14233429

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Effect of phased reduction of dietary digestible lysine density on growth performance, thigh meat, and biomechanical characteristics of tibia in broiler chickens

Tropical Animal Health and Production (2023)

Umair Ahsan Eren Kuter Komal Khan Ifrah Raza Ali Çalık

10.1007/s11250-023-03660-x

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Early GFAP and UCH-L1 point-of-care biomarker measurements for the prediction of traumatic brain injury and progression in patients with polytrauma and hemorrhagic shock

Journal of neurosurgery (2024)

Jason L. Sperry James F. Luther David O. Okonkwo Laura Vincent Vikas Agarwal

OBJECTIVE Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and hemorrhage are responsible for the largest proportion of all trauma-related deaths. In polytrauma patients at risk of hemorrhage and TBI, the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of TBI remain poorly characterized. The authors sought to characterize the predictive capabilities of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) measurements in patients with hemorrhagic shock with and without concomitant TBI. METHODS The authors performed a secondary analysis on serial blood samples derived from a prospective observational cohort study that focused on comparing early whole-blood and component resuscitation. A convenience sample of patients was used in which samples were collected at three time points and the presence of TBI or no TBI via CT imaging was documented. GFAP and UCH-L1 measurements were performed on plasma samples using the i-STAT Alinity point-of-care platform. Using classification tree recursive partitioning, the authors determined the measurement cut points for each biomarker to maximize the abilities for predicting the diagnosis of TBI, Rotterdam CT imaging scores, and 6-month Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended (GOSE) scores. RESULTS Biomarker comparisons demonstrated that GFAP and UCH-L1 measurements were associated with the presence of TBI at all time points. Classification tree analyses demonstrated that a GFAP level > 286 pg/ml for the sample taken upon the patient’s arrival had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.77 for predicting the presence of TBI. The classification tree results demonstrated that a cut point of 3094 pg/ml for the arrival GFAP measurement was the most predictive for an elevated Rotterdam score on the initial and second CT scans and for TBI progression between scans. No significant associations between any of the most predictive cut points for UCH-L1 and Rotterdam CT scores or TBI progression were found. The predictive capabilities of UCH-L1 were limited by the range allowed by the point-of-care platform. Arrival GFAP cut points remained strong independent predictors after controlling for all potential polytrauma confounders, including injury characteristics, shock severity, and resuscitation. CONCLUSIONS Early measurements of GFAP and UCH-L1 on a point-of-care device are significantly associated with CT-diagnosed TBI in patients with polytrauma and shock. Early elevated GFAP measurements are associated with worse head CT scan Rotterdam scores, TBI progression, and worse GOSE scores, and these associations are independent of other injury attributes, shock severity, and early resuscitation characteristics.

Polytrauma

Glasgow Outcome Scale

10.3171/2024.1.jns232569

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Citations (1)