Background The biological function of squalene epoxidase (SQLE), an important rate‐limiting enzyme in downstream cholesterol synthesis, is to convert squalene to 2‐3 oxacin squalene. The expression of SQLE in lung cancer is abnormal. We conducted this study to investigate the effect of SQLE expression on lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) proliferation, migration, and invasion and its role in extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) signaling. Methods Cell Counting Kit 8, wound healing, and Transwell assays; Western blotting; and quantitative real‐time PCR were used to investigate the effect of SQLE in a lung SCC H520 cell line. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to identify the prognostic significance of SQLE. Results Overexpression of SQLE promoted lung SCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, whereas knockdown of SQLE expression showed the opposite effect. SQLE can interact with ERK to enhance its phosphorylation. SQLE may contribute to the pathogenesis of lung cancer by modulating ERK signaling. Further survival analysis indicated that high expression of SQLE indicated poor prognosis in lung SCC. Conclusion Our study presents novel evidence of potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for lung SCC therapy and prognosis.
Objective To improve the method of primary culture and purification of rabbit corneal epithelial cells,and to enhance the successful rate of primary culture.Methods The rabbit corneal epithelial cells were cultured by the entire corneal tissue-culture,purified and passaged by the method of mechanical curettage and differential adhesion,the morphology of the cultured cells was observed by inverted phase contract microscope,and the cultured cells were identified by immunohistochemical method.Results The rabbit entire cornea adhered in 24 hours,the cells could be seen climbing out from the corneal limbus from 48 hours later,a large number of fibroblasts and epithelial cells could be seen climbing out and coexisted after 5 days,and the boundaries were clear;The stratified epithelial cells grew.The fibroblasts before the boundary fused were curettaged,the corneal epithelial cells sequential grew strongly and reached confluence after 10 days.After passaged to the 4th generation,the cells were significantly larger and aging.The cultured cells stained positively for monoclonal antibody PCK by immunohistochemical method.Conclusions The improved method of primary culture and purification of corneal epithelial cells is simple,economics and effective,by it the better biologic property of corneal epithelial cells can be obtained,which establish the experimental basis for studying the cornea and corneal diseases.
The diagnosis of early phase lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) is associated with therapeutic strategy, effect, and survival time. However, the sensitive biomarkers of early phase LADC are still unclear. This study aimed to identify protein-coding genes that can be used as biomarkers of early stage LADC.Gene microarray analysis was performed to identify key hub genes that show different expression in lung adenocarcinoma compared to normal tissues. The microarray data of lung adenocarcinoma in stages IA, IB, IIA, IIB, and normal tissues (GSE10072) were downloaded from a free online database, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO).A total of 572 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between early phase lung adenocarcinoma and normal tissues using R software. Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery online tools were used to obtain Gene Ontology analysis and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes was used to analyze DEGs. Cytoscape software was used to express the protein-protein interaction network. We found that some cancer-related Gene Ontology terms and pathways (e.g. cell adhesion, cell surface receptor signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway) were significantly enriched in DEGs.Protein-coding genes JUN, FYN, CAV1, and SFN may play vital roles in the progress of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma. Consequently, through bioinformatics analysis, the key genes could be established to provide more potential references for the therapeutic targets of lung adenocarcinoma.
Morphological and AFLP-based genetic analyses of six natural populations of Rosa platyacantha in the Eastern Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang in Northwestern China were performed. Nested analysis of variance models (ANOVA) showed that there were significant differences (P > 0.05) in morphological traits among and within the populations of R. platyacantha. The phenotypic variation coefficient (CV) of the traits varied from 9.78% to 37.71%, confirming the abundant phenotypic variations in the species. The average value of the phenotypic differentiation coefficient (Vst) was 27.50%, indicating a lower phenotypic diversity among populations than within populations. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the two decisive traits of ANH and TAW contributed to the proportion of 97.19% in the 1st principal component (PC), suggesting that the phenotypic variations of the traits primarily originated from the achene characters. The percentages of polymorphic loci (PPL), Nei's genetic diversity index (h) and Shannon information index (I) were highly similar among populations, with average values of 63.96%, 0.2361 and 0.3506, respectively. Moreover, the gene differentiation (Gst) and estimated value of gene flow (Nm) were 8.10% and 5.6766, respectively, indicating very low genetic diversity among populations. Clustering analysis based on morphological traits and AFLP markers showed that the populations were mainly grouped with similar altitudes and geographic distances, respectively. The Mantel test revealed that there was no significant correlation between the phenotypic and genetic diversity among populations, implying a possible influence of environments on the genotypes of R. platyacantha.
This study is to investigate the activation effect of butyl-p-hydroxybenzoate (Bpb) on cAMP-dependent cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel gating. A stably transfected Fischer rat thyroid (FRT) epithelial cell lines co-expressing human CFTR and a green fluorescent protein mutant with ultra-high halide sensitivity (EYFP) were used to measure CFTR-mediated iodide influx rates. Bpb was identified as an effective activator of wild-type CFTR chloride channel, it can correct delta F508-CFTR gating defects but not processing defect. Bpb can't potentiate G551D-CFTR channel gating. The activity was reversible and dose-dependent. The study also provided clues that Bpb activates CFTR chloride channel through a direct binding mechanism. Our study identified Bpb as a novel structure CFTR activator. Bpb may be useful for probing CFTR channel gating mechanisms and as a lead compound to develop pharmacological therapy for CFTR-related disease.
The phenotypic diversity of 6 populations of Rosa platyacantha in eastern tianshan mountains of xinjiang were analyzed based on 11 phenotypic traits from leaves,flowers,fruits,and seeds.The results showed there were significant differences in phenotypic traits both among and within populations.The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient(VST) of 11 morphological traits among populations was 27.50%,indicating a more abundant phenotypic diversity within populations than among populations.The average variation coefficient(CV) of phenotype traits with 16.51% showed there was relatively lower variation of phenotypic traits in the populations.Both the Duncan's test of CV and the principal component analysis of phenotypic traits indicated the traits involving fruits and seeds were the main factors account for phenotypic variations.Correlation analysis further showed there was no significant correlation between vegetative and productive traits.The cluster analysis showed six populations were not clustered according to geographic distances but due to the interaction of genetic variation and environmental factors,especially altitude here.
Persistent genital arousal disorder/genito-pelvic dysesthesia (PGAD/GPD) consists of persistent or recurrent unwanted sensations of genital arousal that may include other types of genito-pelvic dysesthesia, which occur without concomitant sexual interest or thoughts. There are multiple triggering factors for PGAD/GPD.To report the case of a 38-year-old woman with low back pain and PGAD/GPD triggered by sacroiliac joint dysfunction.The medical data of the female patient with low back pain and PGAD/GPD were reviewed and analyzed.Resetting of the subluxated sacroiliac joint resulted in complete remission of the patient's symptoms.Sacroiliac joint dysfunction may be a trigger for PGAD/GPD in some cases. Lack of relevant knowledge among patients and healthcare providers is the biggest challenge of the proper diagnosis and treatment of PGAD/GPD at present. Zhang Y, Su L, Ge H, et al. Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder/Genito-Pelvic Dysesthesia caused by Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction. Sex Med 2022;10:100544.
Rosa beggeriana ‘Aurea’ is a yellow-green leaf ( yl ) mutant and originated from Rosa beggeriana Schrenk by 60 Co-γ irradiation, which is an important ornamental woody species. However, the molecular mechanism of the yl mutant remains unknown. Herein, comparative transcriptome profiling was performed between the yl type and normal green color type (WT) by RNA sequencing. A total of 3,372 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, consisting of 1,585 upregulated genes and 1,787 downregulated genes. Genes that took part in metabolic of biological process (1,090), membrane of cellular component (728), catalytic (1,114), and binding of molecular function (840) were significantly different in transcription level. DEGs involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis, carotenoids biosynthesis, cutin, suberine, wax biosynthesis, photosynthesis, chloroplast development, photosynthesis-antenna proteins, photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) components, CO 2 fixation, ribosomal structure, and biogenesis related genes were downregulated. Meanwhile, linoleic acid metabolism, siroheme biosynthesis, and carbon source of pigments biosynthesis through methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathways were upregulated. Moreover, a total of 147 putative transcription factors were signification different expression, involving NAC, WRKY, bHLH, MYB and AP2/ERF, C2H2, GRAS, and bZIP family gene. Our results showed that the disturbed pigments biosynthesis result in yl color by altering the ratio of chlorophylls and carotenoids in yl mutants. The yl mutants may evoke other metabolic pathways to compensate for the photodamage caused by the insufficient structure and function of chloroplasts, such as enhanced MEP pathways and linoleic acid metabolism against oxidative stress. This research can provide a reference for the application of leaf color mutants in the future.
Based on the study results from 1998 to 2002, the phototaxis actions of the moth of cotton bollworm were reported. The results indicate that the moths of this pest have determinate tropism to trap light, and are sensitive to the light wave of wavelength 380 nm, 455 nm and 585 nm. The phototaxis was the same in the different growth state. The pest had two peaks in the whole night when they throw themselves on a light.
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