Correction for ‘Highly efficient photothermal branched Au–Ag nanoparticles containing procyanidins for synergistic antibacterial and anti-inflammatory immunotherapy’ by Hanchi Wang et al. , Biomater. Sci. , 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2bm01212j.
Physiological microenvironment engineering has shown great promise in combating a variety of diseases. Herein, we present the rational design of reinforced and injectable blood-derived protein hydrogels (PDA@SiO2-PRF) composed of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), polydopamine (PDA), and SiO2 nanofibers that can act as dual-level regulators to engineer the microenvironment for personalized bone regeneration with high efficacy. From the biophysical level, PDA@SiO2-PRF with high stiffness can withstand the external loading and maintaining the space for bone regeneration in bone defects. Particularly, the reinforced structure of PDA@SiO2-PRF provides bone extracellular matrix (ECM)-like functions to stimulate osteoblast differentiation via Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling pathway. From the biochemical level, the PDA component in PDA@SiO2-PRF hinders the fast degradation of PRF to release autologous growth factors in a sustained manner, providing sustained osteogenesis capacity. Overall, the present study offers a dual-level strategy for personalized bone regeneration by engineering the biophysiochemical microenvironment to realize enhanced osteogenesis efficacy.
To summarize the application status of hypoxia mimetic agents in bone tissue engineering.The related literature about the hypoxia mimetic agents in bone tissue engineering was reviewed and analyzed. And the application status and progress of hypoxia mimetic agents in bone tissue engineering were retrospectively analyzed.Hypoxia mimetic agents have the same effect as hypoxia in up-regulating the level of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). The combination of hypoxia mimetic agents and scaffolds can up-regulate the level of HIF-1α in bone tissue engineering, thus promoting early vascularization and bone regeneration of the bone defect area, which provides a new idea for using bone tissue engineering to repair bone defect. At present, the commonly used hypoxia mimetic agents include iron chelating agents, oxoglutarate competitive analogues, proline hydroxylase inhibitors, etc.Hypoxia mimetic agents have a wide application prospect in bone tissue engineering, but they have been used in bone tissue engineering for a short time, more attention should be paid to their possible side effects. In the future research, the hypoxia mimetic agents should be developed in the direction of higher targeting specificity and safety, and the exact mechanism of hypoxia mimetic agents in promoting bone regeneration should be further explored.总结缺氧模拟剂在骨组织工程中的应用现状。.广泛查阅国内外骨组织工程中缺氧模拟剂研究相关文献，对其应用现状进行总结分析。.缺氧模拟剂在上调缺氧诱导因子 1α（hypoxia inducible factor 1α，HIF-1α）水平方面具有与缺氧相同的效果，在骨组织工程研究中，将其与支架材料结合后可以促进缺损部位的早期血管化和骨形成，为利用组织工程骨修复骨缺损提供了新思路。目前研究常用的缺氧模拟剂包括铁螯合剂、氧化戊二酸竞争类似物、新型脯氨酸羟化酶抑制剂等。.缺氧模拟剂在骨组织工程中具有广泛应用前景，但用于骨组织工程时间较短，需要重点关注其可能产生的副作用。下一步研究应朝着使缺氧模拟剂靶向特异性及安全性更高的方向发展，并进一步探索其促进骨再生的确切机制。.
The purpose of this study was to overview recent bone loading measurements in physical activity, determine their validity and reliability, and recommend future research directions. A systematic search in three major databases was performed using combinations from a set of keywords, and the identified studies were selected using predetermined criteria. The final review included 29 bone loading measurement studies: seven on bone loading scales, nine on cross validation using those scales, six on accelerometer-based loading classification, and seven on estimating ground reaction force. Most validity coefficients were low, although they ranged from not valid to high. Few studies examined the measurements’ reliability. While bone loading questionnaires have historically been used in practice, most of their validity coefficients were low and few examined reliability. Most acceleration-based measurements offered moderate to high validity but were limited to laboratory settings. Validation studies for wearable devices to measure bone loading in free-living settings are urgently needed.
Scheme illustration of RES@PPD NPs in the principle of synthesis and therapeutic mechanism. RES@PPD NPs can treat periodontitis by promoting the polarization of macrophages from M1 to M2.
This study aims to explore the effects of running on different surfaces on the characteristics of in-shoe plantar pressure and tibial acceleration. Thirteen male recreational runners were required to run at 12 km/h velocity on concrete, synthetic track, natural grass, a normal treadmill, and a treadmill equipped with an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) cushioning underlay (treadmill_EVA), respectively. An in-shoe plantar pressure system and an accelerometer attached to the tibial tuberosity were used to record and analyze the characteristics of plantar pressure and tibial impact during running. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the 1st and 2nd peak plantar pressures (time of occurrence), pressure–time integral, and peak pressure distribution for the concrete, synthetic, grass, and normal treadmill surfaces. No significant differences in peak positive acceleration were observed among the five tested surface conditions. Compared to the concrete surface, however, running on treadmill_EVA showed a significant decrease in the 1st peak plantar pressure and the pressure–time integral for the impact phase (p < 0.05). These can be further ascribed to a reduced peak pressure observed at heel region (p < 0.05). There may not be an inevitable relationship between the surface and the lower-limb impact in runners. It is, however, still noteworthy that the effects of different treadmill surfaces should be considered in the interpretation of plantar pressure performance and translation of such results to overground running.
Platelet-rich fibrin, a classical autologous-derived bioactive material, consists of a fibrin scaffold and its internal loading of growth factors, platelets, and leukocytes, with the gradual degradation of the fibrin scaffold and the slow release of physiological doses of growth factors. PRF promotes vascular regeneration, promotes the proliferation and migration of osteoblast-related cells such as mesenchymal cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts while having certain immunomodulatory and anti-bacterial effects. PRF has excellent osteogenic potential and has been widely used in the field of bone tissue engineering and dentistry. However, there are still some limitations of PRF, and the improvement of its biological properties is one of the most important issues to be solved. Therefore, it is often combined with bone tissue engineering scaffolds to enhance its mechanical properties and delay its degradation. In this paper, we present a systematic review of the development of platelet-rich derivatives, the structure and biological properties of PRF, osteogenic mechanisms, applications, and optimization to broaden their clinical applications and provide guidance for their clinical translation.
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