Abstract Objective: We report the introduction of a novel Single-port laparoscopy-assisted determining the location of the tunica vaginalis cavity for transcrotal orchidopexy for palpable undescended testis. In this article, we describe the SLDLTO technique and the outcomes. Methods: 28 male children with confirmed inguinal cryptorchidism who underwent surgical treatment from from December 2022 to October 2023 were selected for this study. All children underwent surgical treatment with SLDLTO, and the operative time, hospital stay, and postoperative results and complications were recorded. Results: All 28 cases underwent LAT-HSL with minimal perioperative complications, and all children were successfully discharged from the hospital postoperatively. At the postoperative follow-up, there was no retraction or atrophy of the testes, no incisional infection, no inguinal hernia or tunica vaginalis effusion. Conclusion: SLDLTO allows for rapid and accurate localization of the tunica vaginalis cavity. The method is safe, easy to perform, and adaptable. Additionally, the scar is hidden, and the operation time is short.
Background: Tong-Jing-Yi (TJY) formula consists of Leonurus, fried Toosendan and processed Cyperus, etc. The therapeutic effect of TJY on dysmenorrhea has been clinically validated, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the possible molecular targets of TJY and the potential mechanisms. Methods: The components of TJY formula were identified by ultra performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole-time of flight/mass spectrometry. SwissTargetPrediction database was used to predict the targets of TJY formula, and targets associated with primary dysmenorrhea were also collected through other databases. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted. Results: A total of 91 compounds with identified structures were screened, including 3 groups of isomers. The results predicted 854 TJY formula-related targets and 363 disease-related targets. GO and KEGG analysis showed that the top 5 target genes were PIK3CA, AKT1, EGFR, AKT2 and CYP19A1. PI3K-Akt signaling, chemokine signaling, focal adhesion, and Rap1 signaling were ranked in the top 15 pathways. Conclusion: TJY formula might play roles in the treatment of dysmenorrhea underlying mechanisms relating to the involvement of TNF-α, interleukin and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Potential pathways have been identified that need mechanistic confirmation in a laboratory setting in the future.
The relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at various loci and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in patients with gynecologic cancer receiving platinum-based chemotherapy (PPCT) remains unexplored. This research aimed to investigate the correlation between SNPs at several loci (e.g., GSTP1 rs1695, MTHFR rs1801133, XPC rs2228001, TP53 rs1042522, and ERCC1 rs3212986) and ADRs in patients with gynecologic cancer receiving PPCT. A total of 244 patients with gynecologic cancer who received first-line PPCT were included in this retrospective study. Blood fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect genotypes. Logistic regression, Pearson's Chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test were used to explore the correlations between these SNPs and the occurrence of ADRs. The logistic regression results showed that different genotypes of the five genes had no statistical significance in the overall grade greater than or equal to 3 ADRs. The results of Pearson's Chi-square test showed the same results. On specific adverse reactions, we found that the rs1042522 GG genotype significantly increased the risk of grade greater than or equal to 3 leucopenia compared with the CG and the CC genotypes (p = 0.002). The rs1695 AG genotype showed higher correlation for grade greater than or equal to 3 neutropenia (p = 0.020). The rs2228001 CC genotype also had a higher risk for grade greater than or equal to 3 neutropenia (p = 0.003). This study found that whereas the overall grade greater than or equal to 3 adverse reactions in patients with gynecologic cancer receiving PPCT were not associated with SNPs, specific SNPs (rs1042522 GG, rs1695 AG, and rs2228001 CC) were linked to higher risks of leucopenia and neutropenia, indicating their potential as predictors of hematotoxicity in PPCT-treated patients with gynecologic cancer.
Background: Evolocumab inhibits the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 protein and is a potent cholesterol-lowering drug. However, the relationship between evolocumab and inflammation, and the effects of evolocumab on the stability of atherosclerotic plaques remain unknown. Methods: Twenty-seven purebred New Zealand rabbits were fed with an atherogenic diet for 2 weeks. The abdominal aortic endothelium was balloon-injured. The rabbits were divided into the atorvastatin (2 mg/kg/day; Ato), evolocumab (7 mg/kg/2 weeks, Evo) and control groups. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images of the abdominal artery were analyzed at 10 and 18 weeks. Additionally, the serum levels of the biomarkers were measured at baseline, and at 10 and 18 weeks. Results: The serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) increased after 10 weeks of administration of the proatherosclerotic diet, while the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) decreased. The reduction in the serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-C, MCP-1, TGF-β, and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) following treatment with evolocumab was higher than that of atorvastatin. Both evolocumab and atorvastatin reduced the percent atheroma volume. Evolocumab increased the fibrotic% and decreased the necrotic%. Correlation analysis revealed that the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-C, MCP-1, TGF-β, and TLR4 were negatively correlated with the fibrotic%, but were positively correlated with the necrotic%. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that treatment with atorvastatin, and especially evolocumab, was a consistent predictor of the percent atheroma volume, and fibrotic and necrotic composition. Conclusions: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 regulates the serum levels of lipid and cholesterol may via inflammatory pathways. The results also indicate that evolocumab is more potent than atorvastatin in suppressing the progression and stability of atherosclerotic plaque in rabbits.
Objective
To evaluate the efficiency and safety of laparoscopy assisted by cystoscopy in vesicovaginal fistula (VVF).
Methods
Eighteen VVF patients after hysterectomy or cesarean section were reviewed retrospectively from September 2014 to September 2016. All cases were diagnosed by cystoscopy and CTU, and underwent laparoscopic repairment assisted by cystoscopy, which mainly used for ureter protection and fistula location. The surgical methods were analyzed by operative time and intraoperative blood loss. The duration of follow-up was from 3 to 12 months. The complications were observed.
Results
The surgical procedures for all 18 patients were successfully completed. No open surgery or deliberately intraoperative opening bladder for fistula was required. The operation time was (125±31) min. The blood loss was (65±24) ml. During the period of follow-up for (8±4) months, all patients weren't found urine leakage or complications such as urinary frequency.
Conclusion
Laparoscopic repairment assisted by cystoscopy of VVF has the advantages of less bleeding, less damage, rapid recovery, high success rate, can make the operation be simple, is a safe and effective method for the treatment of vesicovaginal fistula.
Key words:
Vesicovaginal fistula; Laparoscopy; Cystoscopy; Fistula
The Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO, Eur J Prev Cardiol 22(6):734–42, 2015) trial shows that, in patients who have an acute coronary syndrome, treatment with ticagrelor as compared with clopidogrel significantly reduced the rate of death, but the reason is still uncertain. Both inflammation and vascular endothelian cell dysfunction play important roles in the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic plaques, but whether ticagrelor has superior anti-inflammatory effect and can improve vascular endothelial cell function to a great extent is unknown. Patients with STEMI who are scheduled to undergo emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) will be randomly assigned to receive a loading dose of ticagrelor 180 mg as the treatment group or clopidogrel 600 mg as the control group. After PCI, the treatment group will be treated with ticagrelor 90 mg twice daily while the control group will be treated with clopidogrel 75 mg once daily. The vascular endothelial function will be tested by circulating endothelial cells, and levels of inflammation will be tested by CD40 ligand (CD40L), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and P-selectin. The estimated enrollment sample size will be 350 patients, including 175 in the treatment group and 175 in the control group. This study will compare the influence of ticagrelor and clopidogrel on inflammatory biomarkers and vascular endothelial function firstly for STEMI patients receiving emergency PCI and will provide evidence to identify whether ticagrelor inhibits inflammation and improves vascular endothelial cell function to a greater extent than clopidogrel or not. This trial was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (identifier: NCT02123004 ) on 20 April 2014.
To integrate digital dynamic smile aesthetic simulation (DSAS) cognitive education in orthodontic practicum and evaluate the teaching effects.A total of 32 dental students during orthodontic practicum were randomly divided into two groups. One group received traditional teaching method to draft treatment plan, and another group was implemented with DSAS teaching method. Then two groups exchanged. Students were asked to grade both teaching methods and statistical analysis was performed on the scoring results with SPSS 24.0 software package.The scores of the DSAS teaching method was much higher than traditional method, and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.012). Students considered that DSAS teaching method was more "novel and fascinating", and also "convenient for comprehending of orthodontic treatment". Students hoped to popularize the DSAS teaching method in future orthodontic practicum.As a novel teaching method, DSAS is more intuitive and vivid to stimulate students' interest in learning, and it is helpful to improve the effect of orthodontic practical teaching.
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