Aiming at the application of digital trapezoidal shaping algorithm in nuclear pulse amplitude analysis of nuclear logging tools, the structural design of digital trapezoidal shaping filter based on FPGA is proposed. Through MATLAB simulation and experimental verification based on FPGA, it is proved that the trapezoidal shaped filter based on FPGA can accurately distinguish the amplitude of nuclear pulse signal and obtain energy spectrum information. The nuclear logging tool should work for a long time in the environment with extremely high ambient temperature. The nuclear pulse amplitude analysis unit adopts low-power programmable devices in the circuit design, which improves the working reliability. In the field experiment, the design can work normally for a long time at $200 ^{o}\text{C}$.
The Glorious Revolution which happened in Britain in 1688 is a historical event of great influence.It abolished the autarchic system of kings.The society which had been ruled by one person was then ruled by law.It also broke off the shackle of Catholicism.It created a mode of progressing through melting in counterwork.From then on,Britain has been in a peaceful and harmonious circumstance.So it developed very fast and became strong.Soon it created good political conditions for Britain to become a kingdom of modern civilization.
Objective: To explore the feasibility and security for laparoscopic common bile duct exploration and primary suture(LBEPS) in the treatment of common bile duct stones.Methods: The clinical data of 53 patients with common bile duct stones and gallbladder stones who were treated by laparoscopy and choledochofiberscope from Dec.2009 to Aug.2012 were analyzed retrospectively.All the patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy combined with common bile duct exploration,removal of stone through choledochoscope and stones retrieval basket,and primary suture of common bile duct.Results: Ninety-eight point one percent patients(52/53) were treated by LBEPS successfully.Only one case was converted to laparotomy and indwelling T-tube.The mean operative time was(89.1 ± 46.3) min,the blood loss was(35 ± 24.9) ml,the postoperative hospital stay was(6.7 ± 3.1) d,three cases suffered from bile leakage,one case was re-operated.Postoperative follow-up was 4 months to 2 years,one case had residual common bile duct stones.Conclusions: Under the premise of strict grasping surgical indication,seriously preoperative imaging evaluation,skillful choledochoscope technology and precise suture,it is safe and feasible for LBEPS to treat the patients with common bile duct stones.
With the fresh leaf of Tieguanyin Tea as the raw material,a study was conducted on the effects of different vacuum technologies on the contents of GABA enriched in fresh tea leaf. The results of experiments indicated that Process 3 enriched the maximum content of GABA of 211.24mg/100g;vacuum technologies differed significantly in the contents of GABA enriched, and the optimal vacuum treatment technology was determined as follows:fresh tea leaf vacuum pumping (26℃,3h) aerobic withering(26℃,3h) vacuum pumping(26℃,3h) aerobic withering(26℃,3h) vacuum pumping(26℃, 3h) GABA fresh tea leaf.
To explore the application value of intravitreal injection of Conbercept (IVC)-assisted pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in patients with severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Forty-eight patients with severe PDR who underwent surgical treatment in Chongqing Aier Eye Hospital between October 2019 and June 2021 were retrospectively enrolled, and their clinical data were analyzed. Of them, 22 patients receiving PPV alone were assigned to the PPV group, and the remaining 26 patients treated with IVC-assisted PPV were included in the PPV+IVC group. The intra-operative indicators, postoperative complication rate, visual acuity (VA) improvement, and postoperative quality of life (QoL) were compared between the two groups. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor (PIGF), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in aqueous humor (AH) as well as serum contents of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).Compared to the PPV group, the operation time of the PPV+IVC group was significantly shorter, and the incidence of severe intraoperative blood loss (IBL), bipolar electrocoagulation hemostasis, iatrogenic retinal breaks (IRBs), postoperative silicone oil tamponade (SOT), and overall complications were significantly reduced. After surgery, the central macular thickness (CMT) was lower and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) assessed by the standard visual acuity chart and VA were significantly more improved in the PPV+IVC group versus the PPV group. After the use of Conbercept, the AH levels of VEGF, PIGF, and bFGF in the PPV+IVC group decreased and were significantly lower than those in the PPV group. The PPV+IVC group also showed lower serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β than the PPV group.IVC-assisted PPV can effectively reduce the difficulty of surgical treatment for PDR, better improve the postoperative VA of patients, and reduce inflammation with fewer complications.
Innovation is the soul and dynamic of surgical continues development, laparoscopic surgical technique brings us the opportunity and challenge in the 21st century era of minimally invasive surgery, we should be innovative and some more calm thinking. Some traditional surgical ideas and approaches should be reassessed and developed, but not some basic surgical principles. Surgery is a practical science and innovation should be based on the practical foundation,minimally invasive surgical technological development depends on the development of modern science and technology.
Key words:
Minimally invasive surgery; Laparoscopic surgery
Laparo-endoscopic single site (LESS) surgery is in line with the development trend of minimally invasive surgery.Resolving the problems caused by the tiny single trocar is very important for the popularizing of LESS surgery.From February to September in 2012,34 patients with cholecystolithiasis or polypoid lesions of the gallbladder received gasless singleincision laparoscopic cholecystectomy at the Xuanwu Hospital.All the operations were successfully done,with no conversion to conventional laparoscopic surgery or open surgery.The mean operation time,intraoperative blood loss and duration of postoperative hospital stay were 70 minutes (range,45-135 minutes),18 ml (range,5-40 ml) and 3.4 days (range,3-4 days).There was no complication within the follow-up of 3 weeks,and all patients recovered well with satisfied cosmetic effect.Combination of gasless single-incision laparoscopic techniques could decrease the difficulty of LESS surgery and help to popularize LESS surgery.
Key words:
Gallbladder diseases; Laparoscopy,single incision; Gasless abdominal wall-lift method; Choledochostomy
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