There are few reports of multiple ovarian cysts secondary to hypothyroidism, and multiple ovarian cysts associated with pregnancy most commonly occur in association with assisted reproductive technologies. Herein, we report a case of a naturally conceived pregnancy occurring 2 years after stopping treatment for primary hypothyroidism. The patient developed multiple ovarian cysts in the first trimester, and laboratory studies and ultrasonography were consistent with hypothyroidism. Herein, we present the case and discuss the importance of prenatal screening for hypothyroidism.
As the most typical deposited fat, tail fat is an important energy reservoir for sheep adapted to harsh environments and plays an important role as a raw material in daily life. However, the regulatory mechanisms of microRNA (miRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) in tail fat development remain unclear. In this study, we characterized the miRNA and circRNA expression profiles in the tail fat of sheep at the ages of 6, 18, and 30 months. We identified 219 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs (including 12 novel miRNAs), which exhibited a major tendency to be downregulated, and 198 DE circRNAs, which exhibited a tendency to be upregulated. Target gene prediction analysis was performed for the DE miRNAs. Functional analysis revealed that their target genes were mainly involved in cellular interactions, while the host genes of DE circRNAs were implicated in lipid and fatty acid metabolism. Subsequently, we established a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network based on the negative regulatory relationship between miRNAs and target genes. The network revealed that upregulated miRNAs play a leading role in the development of tail fat. Finally, the ceRNA relationship network with oar-miR-27a_R-1 and oar-miR-29a as the core was validated, suggesting possible involvement of these interactions in tail fat development. In summary, DE miRNAs were negatively correlated with DE circRNAs during sheep tail fat development. The multiple ceRNA regulatory network dominated by upregulated DE miRNAs may play a key role in this developmental process.
Objective To study the expressions of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)and vascular cell adhesion mole-(cule-1)(VCAM-1)in cultured vascular endothelial cells(VECs) induced by serum of preeclampsia. Methods(VECs were) incubated in vitro with serum of preeclampsia or normal pregnancy.The expressions of cytoplasmic inhibitor of κB(IκB) and nuclear NF-κB were detected by Western blotting 2 h later.The apoptosis of VECs was analyzed by flow cytometry and the expression of VCAM-1 was detected by ELISA after VECs were incubated for 48 h.(Results The expressions) of NF-κB and VCAM-1 induced by serum of preeclampsia were significantly higher than those by(serum) of normal pregnancy(P0.05),while I-κB turned out to be the opposite(P0.05). Conclusion(Serum of) preeclampsia could stimulate the expressions of NF-κB and VCAM-1,and the apoptosis of VECs.NF-κB might play an important role in the apoptosis of VECs and expression of VCAM-1 induced by serum of preeclampsia.
Objective
To investigate clinical values of plasma 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid (CMPF) level in diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Methods
A total of 60 pregnant women who admitted into Sixth People′s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University from January 2016 to June 2017 were selected as the study subjects. They were divided into GDM group (n=40) and control group (n=20) according to whether they were combined with GDM or not. All pregnant women were tested for biochemical markers during 13 to 18 gestational weeks. And 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed during 24 to 28 gestational weeks. At the same time, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was used to detect plasma CMPF level. The body mass index (BMI) at 28 gestational weeks and at neonatal term, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total protein, albumin, urea, and uric acid were compared between two groups by independent-samples t test. Gestational age, gravidity, parity, plasma CMPF level, BMI at 18 gestational weeks, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), glycated albumin (GA), creatinine and other indicators between two groups were compared by Mann-Whitney U test. Multiple unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of GDM in pregnant women. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves for plasma CMPF level and BMI at 18, 28 gestational weeks, and the combination these 3 factors, and the combination of OGTT 0, 1, 2 h blood glucose concentrations in diagnosis of GDM were built respectively, and the area under ROC curve (ROC-AUC) of them were calculated. The procedures followed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards established by the Human Subjects Trial Committee of the Sixth People′s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and this study was approved by this committee (approval number: 2017-012). Informed consent was obtained and signed with each subject.
Results
① There was no significant difference in the general clinical data such as gestational age, gravidity and parity between two groups (P>0.05). ②The plasma CMPF level of GDM group was 522.0 ng/mL (326.9-989.3 ng/mL), which was significantly higher than that of control group 280.2 ng/mL (177.8-466.6 ng/mL). The difference between two groups was statistically significant (U=576.000, P=0.006). ③BMI at 18, 28 gestational weeks and at neonatal term, and HbA1c in GDM group were 24.6 kg/m2 (22.0-25.9 kg/m2), (26.1±2.8) kg/m2, (27.6±2.9) kg/m2, and 5.4% (5.3%-5.6%), respectively, which were significantly higher than those in control group 22.8 kg/m2 (20.1-23.6 kg/m2), (24.5±2.6) kg/m2, (25.5±2.6) kg/m2, 5.2% (5.0%-5.3%), and all the differences were statistically significant (U=568.000, P=0.002; t=2.150, P=0.001; t=1.180, P=0.036; U=226.000, P<0.001). The GA in GDM group was 11.6% (10.8%-12.8%), which was significantly lower than that in control group 12.6% (12.2%-13.2%), and the difference was also statistically significant (U=248.000, P=0.017). ④The results of multiple unconditional logistic regression analysis of the influencing factors of GDM in pregnant women showed that plasma CMPF levels and BMI at 18, 28 gestational weeks were independent influencing factors of GDM in pregnant women (OR=1.003, 95%CI: 1.000-1.005, P=0.023; OR=4.393, 95%CI: 1.675-11.525, P=0.003; OR=0.322, 95%CI: 0.130-0.798, P=0.014). ⑤The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the ROC-AUC of plasma CMPF level, BMI at 18, 28 gestational weeks in diagnosis of GDM were 0.703 (95%CI: 0.554-0.852, P=0.014), 0.741 (95%CI: 0.605-0.876, P=0.004), and 0.672 (95%CI: 0.523-0.821, P=0.039), respectively. The ROC-AUC of plasma CMPF level combined with BMI at 18 and 28 gestational weeks in diagnosis of GDM was 0.847 (95%CI: 0.741-0.952, P<0.001), and the ROC-AUC of combination of OGTT 0, 1, 2 h blood glucose concentrations in diagnosis of GDM was 0.983 (95%CI: 0.957-1.000, P<0.001), and there was no statistically significant difference between them (U=9.000, P=0.100). According to the maximum principle of Youden index, the best cut-off values of plasma CMPF level and BMI at 18, 28 gestational weeks for diagnosis of GDM were 397.2 ng/mL, 23.9 kg/m2, 26.2 kg/m2, respectively, and the sensitivities of them in diagnosis of GDM were 65.6%, 59.4% and 53.1%, respectively, and the specificities were 75.0%, 90.0% and 80.0%, respectively.
Conclusion
The plasma CMPF level at 24 to 28 gestational weeks combined with BMI at 18 and 28 gestational weeks has a good clinical diagnostic value for GDM.
Key words:
3-Carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid; Diabetes, gestational; Body mass index; Diagnosis; Logistic models; ROC curve; Pregnant women
Aim: The aim of the research is to establish a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model of Clindamycin hydrochloride capsules in Chinese health subjects and investigate the factors affecting the pharmacokinetic parameters to provide guidance for the individualized treatment of Clindamycin. Methods: Clindamycin concentrations were measured in 48 selective health subjects (30 males and 18 females aged 18-45 years). The subjects were assigned to two groups randomly. 150mg Clindamycin oral administration were given at fasting or postprandial, respectively. Blood samples were collected at specified time. A total of 1344 blood drug concentration data were analyzed using NONMEM. The Non-linear mixed effect model was conducted to establish the population pharmacokinetic model of Clindamycin in Chinese healthy patients. The model was verified and evaluated by Visual Prediction Test (VPC) and Bootstrap method. Results: This study established a one-compartment pharmacokinetic model of Clindamycin hydrochloride capsules in Chinese healthy subjects. The final population pharmacokinetic parameters were oral absorption coefficient (Ka=2.69 h-1), apparent volume of distribution (V/F=76.74 L) and apparent clearance (CL/F= 30.10 L·h-1). And the food was the only significant covariate in the model. The final model was stable and predictable, verified by VPC and Bootstrap. Conclusion: A robust and predictable population pharmacokinetic model of Clindamycin in Chinese healthy subjects was constructed successfully. The dietary state had a significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of Clindamycin which gave an important steer for dose adjustment or changing medication in clinical practice. Moreover, the model had great potential to guide the individualized medication of Clindamycin.
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