Abstract One‐step purification of ethylene from ternary mixtures (C 2 H 2 , C 2 H 4 , and C 2 H 6 ) can greatly reduce the energy consumption of the separation process, but it is extremely challenging. Herein, we use crystal engineering and reticular chemistry to introduce unsaturated bonds (ethynyl and alkyne) into ligands, and successfully design and synthesized two novel Zr‐MOCs (ZrT‐1‐ethenyl and ZrT‐1‐alkyne). The introduction of carbon‐carbon unsaturated bonds provides abundant adsorption sites within the framework while modulating the pore window size. Comprehensive characterization techniques including single crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction, as well as electrospray ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (ESI‐TOF‐MS) confirm that ZrT‐1‐ethenyl and ZrT‐1‐alkyne possess an isostructural framework with ZrT‐1 and ZrT‐1‐Me, respectively. Adsorption isotherms and breakthrough experiments combined with theoretical calculations demonstrate that ZrT‐1‐ethenyl can effectively remove trace C 2 H 2 and C 2 H 6 in C 2 H 4 and achieve separation of C 2 H 2 from C 2 H 4 and CO 2 . ZrT‐1‐ethenyl can also directly purify C 2 H 4 in liquid solutions. This work provides a benchmark for MOCs that one‐step purification of ethylene from ternary mixtures.
Objective
To explore the association between the GRIN3B gene and Tourette syndrome (TS) in children by screening mutations in the coding region of this gene.
Methods
Fifty-one children with TS and their parents in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from October 2015 to November 2016 were selected as an experimental group, 41 cases of boys, and 10 cases of girls, aged 6-16 years[(9.78±3.64)years], while 60 people aged 22-45 years in the health examination center were selected in the control group, 49 cases were male, 11 cases were female, aged 22-45 years[(29.08±2.89)years]. DNA was extracted from 51 patients with TS, their parents and 60 controls.PCR was applied to amplify the encoding region of GRIN3B gene and Sanger sequencing was used to sequence, then GRIN3B sequencing results were compared with the NCBI gene encoding region sequence (NM_138690.2) to test whether these patients carried gene mutation and to verify the findings from their family.
Results
c. C460T gene variant of GRIN3B was found in 2 patients (p.P154S); c. T1187C (p.L396S) variant of GRIN3B gene was found in 10 patients and both of abnormal GRIN3B sites lead to changes in amino acid.The 2 peak sequencing maps were obtained by Sanger sequencing but nothing was found in their parents.
Conclusion
The mutation of GRIN3B gene may be related to the development of TS.
Key words:
Tourette syndrome; Glutamate; GRIN3B gene; Gene mutation
Staphylococcus aureus is a foodborne zoonotic pathogen that threatens food safety and public health. However, few people have conducted long-term and systematic studies on S. aureus contamination in food in Yantai City. To investigate the contamination situation of S. aureus in food and improve the ability of early warning and control of foodborne diseases, a total of 2384 samples from 17 categories were collected from 13 monitoring points in Yantai City, from 2010 to 2023. Forty-four samples were positively detected for S. aureus, with a detection rate of 1.85% (44/2384). The detection rate of S. aureus was highest in Zhifu District (4.12%), followed by Penglai District (2.45%), Zhaoyuan District (2.37%), Kaifa District (2.19%), and Longkou District (1.98%). Positive detection rates were higher in frozen rice and flour products at 8.82% (6/68), quick-frozen dishes at 5.56% (1/18), aquatic products at 4.05% (3/74), and meat and meat products at 3.55% (27/760). Positive detection rates in samples from the first, second, third, and fourth quarters were 0% (0/44), 2.21% (20/906), 2.13% (22/1033), and 0.50% (2/401), respectively. Positive detection rates in bulk and prepackaged samples were 2.33% (36/1546) and 0.95% (8/838), respectively, with statistically significant differences (χ2 = 5.66, p < 0.05). Positive detection rates were significantly different for samples collected from different sampling stages, of which at production and processing stages was 7.78% (20/257), catering stages 1.38% (10/727), and distribution stages 1% (14/1400) (χ2 = 56.41, p < 0.05). Frozen rice and flour products, quick-frozen dishes, aquatic products, and meat and meat products are the main food products contaminated with S. aureus, and the resulting secondary contamination is a hidden danger for the occurrence of foodborne diseases, which should be given sufficient attention.
This prospective study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of decellularized porcine conjunctiva (DPC) in the management of severe symblepharon. Sixteen patients with severe symblepharon were enrolled in this study. After symblepharon lysis and Mitomycin C (MMC) application, tarsus defects were covered with residual autologous conjunctiva (AC), autologous oral mucosa (AOM), or DPC throughout the fornix, and DPC was used for all the exposed sclera. The outcomes were classified as complete success, partial success, or failure. Six symblepharon patients had chemical burns and ten had thermal burns. Tarsus defects were covered with DPC, AC, and AOM in two, three, and eleven cases, respectively. After an average follow-up of 20.0 ± 6 months, the anatomical outcomes observed were complete successes in twelve (three with AC+DPC, four with AC+AOM+DPC, and five with AOM+DPC) (75%) cases, partial successes in three (one with AOM+DPC and two with DPC+DPC) (18.75%) cases, and failure in one (with AOM+DPC) (6.25%) case. Before surgery, the depth of the narrowest part of the conjunctival sac was 0.59 ± 0.76 mm (range, 0-2 mm), tear fluid quantity (Schirmer II tests) was 12.5 ± 2.26 mm (range, 10-16 mm), and the distance of the eye rotation toward the opposite direction of the symblepharon was 3.75 ± 1.39 mm (range, 2-7 mm). The fornix depths increased to 7.53 ± 1.64 mm (range, 3-9 mm), eye movement was significantly improved, and the distance of eye movement reaching 6.56 ± 1.24 mm (range, 4-8 mm) 1 month after the operation; the postoperative Schirmer II test (12.06 ± 2.90 mm, range, 6-17 mm) was similar to that before surgery. Goblet cells were finally found in fifteen patients by conjunctival impression cytology in the transplantation area of DPC, except for one patient who failed. DPC could be considered an alternative for ocular surface reconstruction of severe symblepharon. Covering tarsal defects with autologous mucosa is necessary for extensive reconstruction of the ocular surface.
Objective:
To investigate adult age-related changes in corneal thickness.
Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, one eye in each of 300 myopia and cataract outpatients at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from August to December, 2015 was studied. The patients were divided into three groups: Young (21 to 45 years old, [mean ± standard deviation] 26.4 ± 5.5 years, 96 eyes); Middle-aged (46 to 70 years old, 62.1±6.8 years, 86 eyes); and Elder (71 to 92 years old, 79.2 ± 5.6 years, 118 eyes). The Galilei Dual Scheimpflug Analyzer was used to measure corneal pachymetry. Central corneal thickness (CCT) and paracentral corneal thickness (PaCT) were evaluated by analysis of variance, and peripheral corneal thickness (PeCT) and thinnest corneal thickness (TCT) were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis H rank-sum test. The relationship between the variables and age were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman correlation analysis.
Results:
There were no significant differences among the three groups in CCT and PaCT. Among the three groups there were significant differences in PeCT (H=39.12, P<0.001). The PeCT of the Young Group was thicker than both the Middle-aged Group (P=0.017) and the Elder Group (P<0.001), but the difference in thickness between the Middle-aged and Elder Groups was not significant (P=0.193). For TCT, there were significant differences among the three groups (H=31.63, P<0.001). The TCT of the Young Group was thicker than both the Middle-aged Group (P=0.002) and the Elder Group (P<0.001), and the TCT of the Middle-aged Group was thicker than the Elder Group (P=0.002). PeCT was weakly correlated with age in the Middle-aged Group (r=-0.288, P=0.007). Other variables were not correlated with age in any of the groups. In general, CCT and PaCT were not correlated with age. In contrast, PeCT and TCT were negatively correlated with age (r=-0.369, -0.343, P<0.001).
Conclusions:
As people age, PeCT and TCT tend to get thinner, while CCT and PaCT do not change significantly.
Key words:
age factors; central corneal thickness; paracentral corneal thickness; peripheral corneal thickness; thinnest corneal thickness
Objective To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen on learning and memory ability in rats with a model of VPA autism and on the pyramidal cells in the CA1 region of the hippocampus.Methods An animal model of autism was established in the offspring of Wistar rats which had received a single intraperitoneal injection of sodium valproate at the 12.5th day of pregnancy.A total of 48 male VPA autism model rats were randomly divided into the hyperbaric oxygen group,a high pressure air group,a normal pressure high oxygen group and a normal pressure air group (each group with 12 rats).A normal control group was obtained by injecting physiological saline.The autism model rats of the hyperbaric oxygen group were treated with high pressure oxygen in an animal experiment cabin which was cleaned with pure oxygen for 10 min,pressurized for 15 min,held at 2.0 atmospheres absolute (ATA) for 45 min and then had the pressure relieved over 15 min.For the high pressure air group the cabin was pressurized with air for 15 min,held at 2.0 ATA for 45 min and the pressure was relieved over 15 min.For the normal pressure,high oxygen group the cabin was cleaned for 10 min with pure oxygen,then pure oxygen was supplied for 1 hour with the cabin door open.The normal pressure air group rats were placed in the open cabin with no pressure or additional oxygen.The testing lasted 7 days for 1 hour per day.The normal control group rats were placed in ordinary cages.Learning and memory were evaluated using the Y electric maze test before and after the interventions.Any changes in the pyramidal cells in the CA1 region of the hippocampus were observed after hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining.Results The average number of tries of the hyperbaric oxygen group after treatment was significantly less than before treatment and memory retention times were increased.The number was also less in the normobaric hyperoxia group and memory retention times again improved.The number of apoptotic cells was reduced and the number of normal form cells in the CA1 region increased after the hyperbaric oxygen intervention.Conclusions The learning and memory abilities of the autistic rats improved after the hyperbaric oxygen intervention.Pyramidal cells in the CA1 region proliferated and the number of apoptotic cell decreased.This may be the mechanism by which hyperbaric oxygen intervention treats autism.
Key words:
Hyperbaric oxygenation; Autistic disorder; Hippocampus; Pyramidal cells; Learning; Memory
To investigate the composition, physicochemical, functional, and structural properties of citrus insoluble dietary fiber concentrate from citrus peel affected by different particle sizes, citrus insoluble dietary fiber concentrate was modified by coarse crush and superfine grinding treatments. The results showed that the contents of hemicellulose and lignin significantly decrease and a significant increase in cellulose and insoluble dietary fiber contents with the reduction in particle size. In addition, the markedly decreased particle size and obviously microstructural changes of citrus insoluble dietary fiber concentrate powder were observed. The color value of citrus insoluble dietary fiber concentrate was observably improved, crystallinity and thermal stability of modified fiber slightly increase with the decrease in particle size, which is due to the partial elimination of hemicellulose and lignin after the treatments. However, water holding capacity, water swelling capacity, and oil holding capacity were found to be lower with the reduction in particle size, which might be attributed to the fact that superfine grinding treatment destroyed the structure integrity, thus causing some soluble components to break away from the cellulose backbone, or due to aggregation of smaller granules. The present study suggested that decreasing the particle size could effectively change some properties of citrus insoluble dietary fiber concentrate, which will provide new perspectives for the application of citrus insoluble dietary fiber concentrate in food products.
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