The identification and prediction of petrofacies plays a crucial role in the study of shale oil and gas “sweet spots”. However, the petrofacies identified through core and core test data are not available for all wells. Therefore, it is essential to establish a petrofacies identification model using conventional well logging data. In this study, we determined the petrofacies of shale oil reservoirs in the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China, based on scanning electron microscopy, core porosity and total organic carbon (TOC), and brittleness index calculations from X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments conducted on seven members of the formation. Furthermore, we compared the interpreted logs with the raw well logs data clustered into electrofacies in order to assess their compliance with the petrofacies, using the Multi-Resolution Graph-Based Clustering (MRGC) method. Through an analysis of pore structure type, core porosity, TOC, and brittleness index, we identified four types of lithofacies with varying reservoir quality: PF A > PF B > PF C > PF D. The compliance of the clustered electrofacies with the petrofacies obtained from the interpreted logs was found to be 85.42%. However, the compliance between the clustered electrofacies and the petrofacies obtained from the raw well logs was only 47.92%. Hence, the interpreted logs exhibit a stronger correlation with petrofacies characterization, and their utilization as input data is more beneficial in accurately predicting petrofacies through machine learning algorithms.
Objective To investigate the relationship among serum AHSG levels and glucolipid metabolism.Method Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the fasting serum AHSG levels of 30 cases of women with GDM,30 cases of normal pregnant women in late pregnancy.Fasting total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C),and fasting plasma glucose (FPG),glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were also measured at the same time.Results (1) Significantly elevated serum AHSG concentration was found in the women with GDM as compared with the normal pregnant women ( P0.01 ).(2) The concentration of serum TC,TG,FPG,HbA1c and VLDL-C in GDM group were significantly higher than those of normal pregnancy group(P0.05 or P0.01).(3) Univariate linear correlation and regression analysis showed that the serum AHSG level is positively correlated with TC,TG,VLDL-C,FPG,HbA1c,weight gain during pregnancy and BMI in late pregnancy in GDM group,but no correlation between AHSG and progestational BMI was found.In normal group there are also significantly positive correlations between AHSG and FPG,HbA1c,weight gain during pregnancy was also found,but less significant than those in the GDM group;there is no correlations between AHSG and TC,TG,VLDL-C,progestational BMI,BMI in late pregnancy.Conclusion Fasting serum AHSG levels in pregnant women with GDM is significantly higher than in normal pregnant women.The increased AHSG may be involved in the formation of glycolipid metabolic disorders in pregnant women with GDM.
Objective To detect the causes of neurological complications presenting in dialysis patients. Methods we conducted a retrospective study to analysis the causes of seizure in 36 died dialysis patients. Results 15 of 36 patients com-palicated with seizure in the course of disease. Uremic encephalopathy caused seizure in 6 cases; event of cerebrovascular in 7 cases and serious hypocalcemia in 2 cases. Conclusion Retention of middle molecule uremic toxin,event of cerebrovascular and low serum calcium are the main causes of seizure in dialysis patients.
The hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater are of great significance for studying the source, development, and utilization of groundwater. This study investigated the characteristics of anions and cations, total dissolved solids (TDS), hydrochemical types, and hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of surface water and groundwater in the Balasu coalfield. By conducting experiments using inductively coupled plasma emission electron spectrometry, ion chromatography, acid-base titration, and gravimetric analysis, the characteristics of ion concentration and TDS in different aquifers were analyzed to determine the possible source of groundwater in C2 (number 2 coal seam in Yan'an Formation). The Piper trilinear diagram was used to determine the hydrochemical types of aquifers, and the source of groundwater was determined based on the stable isotope characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen. The changes in ion, TDS, hydrogen, and oxygen isotopes of surface water and groundwater were analyzed, and the groundwater differences between the two sets of coal seams were compared. The research results indicate that the groundwater in C2 (number 2 coal seam in Yan'an Formation) is caused by the original sedimentary water and the infiltration of Zhiluo Formation and A1 (strata at the top of the Yan'an Formation to number 2 coal seam). However, C4 (number 3 coal seam in Yan'an Formation) is hindered by the well-developed mudstone in A3 (bottom of number 2 coal seam to the top of number 3 coal seam), which hinders the infiltration of groundwater. The study emphasizes that the overlying strata can have a significant impact on the coal seam when the moisture content is high and there is a lack of overlap, thereby promoting changes in the moisture content of the coal seam. This study provides some insights into the safety of coal mines, especially in mining areas with a high coal seam moisture content.
Objective:To evaluate the value of LIF, LIFR, IL-1αand TNF-αlevels in early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.Methods:The sera levels of LIF, LIFR, IL-1αand TNF-α were measured by ELISA respectively. 60 specimens of ectopic pregnancy were study group (EP),and 20 specimens of normal pregnancy were normal control group (NIUP) respectively.Results:(1) In EP and NIUP group the level of LIF was (5.26±0.51)pg/ml and (5.88±0.26)pg/ml respectively. And the level of LIFR was (3.82±1.6)pg/ml and (2.95±1.70)pg/ml respectively;There were significantly diferent between NIUP and EP group (P0.01). The level of LIF in the the EP was obviously reduced,while the level of LIFR was markedly enhanced. (2) In EP and NIUP group the level of TNF-α was (66.71±9.31)pg/ml and (54.4±8.36)pg/ml respectively;And the level of IL-1α was (0.29±0.20)pg/ml and (0.28±0.13)pg/ml respectively;There were significantly difference between NIUP and EP group(P0.01). The level of IL-1αand TNF-αin the the EP was obviously enhanced.Conclusion:LIF level is helpful to distinguish normal pregnancy and ectopic pregnancy. LIF, LIFR, IL-1αand TNF-αwould be very valuable for the clinical diagnosis of early ectopic pregnancy.
Objective To study the relationship of the expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Matrix Metalloproteinase - 2( M MP - 2)and Matrix Metalloproteinase - 9( M MP - 9)in the development, invasion and metastasis of human cervical carcinomas. Methods VEGF, MMP -2 and M MP -9 were stained immunohistochemically in 57 cases of cervical carcinoma( 30 cases of squamous - cell carcinoma of the uterin cervix ,20 cases of adenocarcinoma of the uterin cervix, 7 cases of glandular and squamou - cell carcinoma of the uterin cervix) ,in 29 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia( CI N) and 16 cases of normal cervices. Results The expression rates of VEGF, MMP - 2 and MMP - 9 were gradually increased with the progress cervical lesions. The positive rates of VEGF,MMP- 2 and MMP- 9 in normal cervical epithelium, CIN, squamous - cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, glandular and squamous cell carcinoma were 3/16(18.8%) ,24/29(82.8%), 28/30(93.3%),20/20(100%),7/7(100%); 4/16(25%),13/29(44.8%),23/30(76.7%),17/20(85%),7/7(100%); and 4/16(25%), 18/29(62.1%), 18/30(60.0%), 19/20(95%),7/7(l00%),respectively. Peritunoral staining stromal cells for MMP- 2 was observed in all cases. Pertumaral staining of stromal cells for MMP -9 was observed in carcinomas, adenocarcinoma, glandular and squamous cell carcinoma, CIN II ,but was uniformly absent from the CIN I and from normal cervices. The positive rates of VEGF and MMP -9 in invasive cervical carcinoma groups and CIN group were obviously higher than that in normal cervical epithelium group ( P 0.01) . The positive rates of M MP - 2 in invasive cervical carcioma groups were obviously higher than that in normal cervical epithelium group( P 0.05) . No significant correlation could be established among the expression of VEGF, MMP - 2 and MMP - 9 and the clinical stage, tumor diameter, pathologic grade and pelvic node metastasis. There were positively correlations among VEGF, MMP - 2 and MMP - 9.Conclusions The expression of VEGF, MMP -2 and MMP -9 were significant correlation in different cervical lesions, and they play a cooperated role in the angiogenesis and invasion of cervical carcioma.
Objective To investigate the subtype distribution and sequence characteristics of HIV-1 strains in Heilongjiang province.Methods HIV-1 env gene was amplified by nested-PCR from peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) obtained from 17 HIV-1 seropositive individuals in Heilongjiang province.The C2-V3 region was sequenced.Results Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that 17 HIV strains clustered closely to Thai- land B(B') and were far different from other international subtypes.The gene divergence of 17 samples is (6.94±1.01)% with reference strains of Thailand B(B') subtype,(12.94±2.19)% with Europe and America B,over 20% with other subtypes.The analysis of V3 loop amino acid sequence of 17 HIV strains revealed that V3 tip motif of 8 samples (47.06%) were GPGQ,7 samples (41.18%) were GPGR,1 sample was GQGR and 1 sample was GPGH.Most cases could utilize CCR5 coreceptor through forecasting V3 sequence.Conclusion The findings suggested that the epidemic subtype of HIV-1 in Heilongjiang province was mainly B',V3 tip motifs of the HIV-1 isolates were mainly GPGQ and GPGR.
Objective To investigate the effect of functional ubiquitin proteasome pathway on p53 transcriptional activation.Methods Transient transfection, reporter assay were performed to determine the transcriptional activity by intact p53 and p53 transcriptional activation domain,and p53 and p21 waf1 protein levels were determined by Western blot.Results Transcriptional activity by intact endogenous and exogenous p53 or p53 transcriptional activation domain was abrogated by inhibiting the ubiquitin proteasome function.Disruption of ubiquitin process greatly compromised the transactivaton of p53.Conclusion Functional ubiquitin proteasome pathway is required for efficient transcriptional activation of p53. China J Cancer Prev Treat,2003,10(5):465-468
Objective To explore the effect of antisense RNA on hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication and antigen synthesis.Methods Plasmid pHBV containing a copy of HBV genome was digested with BamHⅠto yield a 1504bp HBV PreC/C gene fragment. The PreC/C gene fragment was cloned into the BamHⅠsite of the retroviral vector pDOR to construct antisense and sense recombinant vector. The recombinant vector DNA and pDOR DNA were introduced into PA317 packaging cell by lipofectin method and the trnasfected PA317 cells and pseudovirus were obtained by selecting with G418. The antisense RNA transcribed from antisense PreC/C was detected by RT PCR. The pseudovirus was used to infect the 2 2 15 cell line. In infected 2 2 15 cells, the levels of HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA were determined by ELISA and dot hybridization, respectively. Results The retroviral vector pDOR could efficiently deliver antisense HBV gene into eukaryotic cells and transcribe the antisense RNA. The antisense HBV PreC/C vector transfected 2 2 15 cells reduced synthesis of HBsAg and HBeAg by 55 5% and 78% respectively, while sense PreC/C transfected cells showed no reduction on HBsAg and HbeAg production. HBV DNA was significantly decreased in the supernatants of 2 2 15 cells infected with antisense pseudovirus than that infected with sense pseudovirus group and control group. The antisense pseudovirus demonstrated no toxic effect on the infected 2 2 15 cells. Conclusion Antisense HBV PreC/C recombinant pseudo retrovirus could be used to deliver and express the antisense RNA against HBV replication.This may be useful an agent for antiviral therapy of HBV infection.
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