By use of mathematical statistics method and commensurability of ternary, quaternion and quintuple, the probability of big drought in Shaanxi province in the 21 century is calculated and the years of severe drought in Shaanxi in the coming 30 years are forecasted. The results show that, in the 21 century, the probability of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 big drought(s) in Shaanxi province is respectively 94.52%, 86.65%, 72.91%, 54.78% and 35.57%. In the coming 30 years, severe droughts may occur in 2006, 2008, 2024 and 2031 in Shaanxi province.
The relationship between sandstorm and global warming has become a hot research.We analyzed the relation of sandstorm with global warming according to the data of average annual days of sandstorm and temperature during 1961-2006 in the areas of Northern China,including northwest(using the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Xinjiang,Ningxia,Qinghai,Gansu) and Hebei Province,using correlation analysis,linear analysis,5-year moving average,moving t-test technique,and other methods.The results showed that over the past 46 years,the average days of sandstorm decreased significantly with the increasing of the average temperature in the Northern China,the coefficients between sandstorm and annual average temperature is-0.71.From 1984,the average number of days of sandstorm decreased obviously in most parts of northern China.And it verified the mutations of sandstorms in each province,such as,Gansu was in 1983,Inner Mongolia was in 1984,Ningxia was in 1983,Qinghai was in 1986,Xinjiang was in 1984,Hebei was in 1981.Although in the year of 2000,the frequency of sandstorm increased abnormally with the temperature,however,it was still less than the average days during the past 46 years in most part of regions.
The compensation for forest ecological benefits becomes the focus of ecological field in recent years.Some studies paid special attentions to the evaluation of whole ecological values.And,most of them neglected special situation.Some studies paid special attentions to one aspect of ecological values,but it was very difficult to meet the real needs.Theories about regional location quotient and leading industry are the typical theories of regional economics.Based on these theories,a new notion,leading ecological values,was proposed in order to solve the problems of previous studies.Badaling forestry center was taken as an example to illustrate how to rediscover the ecological benefits of forest resources.The ecological location quotient was calculated to ascertain the leading ecological values.Based on the calculated result,a new reasonable way of calculating standards of compensation was set up,and a tentative model was given to compensate the ecological benefits in time and space order.
According to the source of venture capital,the paper describes it into two types: the policy-based venture capital and the commercial venture capital,furthermore,the paper also defines the concept and innovation of each kind,by analyzing the historical data and the present venture investment situation,the paper puts forward the policy-based venture capital 's function orientation.
Three water supplies have been planned in upstream areas of Yanhe spring basin in order to provide water for exploiting coal in the future.The operation of these water supplies will surely influence on the spring discharge downstream.Taking advantage of the feedback-adjusting function of mathematic model, we adjusted the spring discharges on computer to fit the water levels of nodes in Yanhe、Xiahe spring areas step by step on the assumption that the node levels are invariable although they in fact have a little drawdown in the prediction, and eventually gained the influence that the operation of water supply in coalfield would exert on the springs.
Commensurability reflects the symmetry of time and space.It is a macro thought based on the information system.In the time symmetry aspect: we analyzed the possible occurring time of the earthquake whose level is greater than the seventh grade using the method of commensurability information extract and butterfly structure.We believe that there is a strong signal that the earthquake whose level is greater than the seventh grade will occur in Xinjiang in 2015.In the space symmetry aspect: we found there were four symmetrical rectangles whose symmetry axes are 80°E longitude and 40°N latitude,known as pendulum rectangle structure;In the longitude direction,three points of the rectangle placed on the same side of the axis and exchanged in the symmetrical rectangle;In the latitude direction,the space alter discipline of north one south and north two south exchange showed up.According to these,the MS≥7 earthquake in 2015 will occur on the eastern side of 80°E longitude and northern side of 40°N latitude.Our research is more closely to the three factor earthquake tendency forecast in information forecast aspect.And it provides a reference to the research of earthquake tendency statistics in Xinjiang.
Urban biotope data collection and evaluation constitute the basis of urban nature conservation.With a sample study area in Xi'an Bahe River,the urban wetland biotope formation and evaluation issues were discussed in this paper.Using landform,land use types and vegetation as factors,3 types and 15 sub-types of biotopes were distinguished in the study area.Biotope types had impacts on birds distribution,and several bird biotope-groups were observed.Based on the above studies,5 factors were chosen to conduct the evaluation of biotope types in regards of comprehensive conservation value: flora species indigenousness,plant community naturalness,plant community structure,birds distribution and biotope type rarity.The results showed that biotopes in floodplain and water pits were of great significance.
Using basic information of earthquakes with MS≥8.0,in order to exploring application value of symmetry study in earthquake damage prediction,this paper analyzes space-time symmetry and predicts occur time and space of future earthquake with MS≥8.0.By using commensurability information extraction and Map of Butterfly Structure(MBS) method,this paper makes trend analysis of earthquakes with MS≥8.0 in mainland since 1500.The result shows that earthquakes with MS≥8.0 in mainland may occur in next five years from 2012 to 2015;Considering the symmetry of polygon structure space distribution built by each focal position and distribution of historical earthquakes,future earthquakes with MS≥8.0 location is west of 105°E and south of 34°N.
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