Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technology served as bioprobes holds great promise for the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). However, the non-specific adsorption of SERS bioprobes inevitably endow white blood cells (WBC) with Raman signal in the peripheral blood, which greatly interfering the identification accuracy of CTCs. In this study, we proposed an innovative strategy for identifying CTCs using SERS technology assisted by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. A magnetic Fe3O4-Au complex SERS bioprobe modified with anti-trop2 antibody was first developed, which could effectively capture the triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and give the tumor cells with distinct SERS signals. Using ROC curve based on compared SERS intensity between TNBC cells and WBC, a tumor cell identification model was constructed, which exhibited excellent identification ability for tumor cells and supplied the cut-off values of SERS intensity for tumor cells screening and diagnosis, respectively. The merit of the model was that the detection sensitivity and specificity could be intelligent switched by adjusting SERS signal cut-off values according to the identification purposes. Taking cut-off value to 281, the SERS detection specificity can reach to 100.0%, and the detection sensitivity is 69.0%, benefiting for accurately diagnosing tumor cells. Lowering cut-off value to 206, the SERS detection sensitivity is improved to 90%, and detection specificity is decreased to 76%, which is suitable for preliminary screening of tumor cell. With the help of novel dual-function SERS identification strategy, the difunctional ability of accurate diagnosis and preliminary screening for tumor cells is successfully realized. Significantly, the anti-trop2 modified magnetic Fe3O4-Au complex SERS bioprobe with high capture efficiency can be a promising tool for directly detecting CTCs in peripheral blood, which is not need to deliberately avoid SERS signal of WBC. This work provides a new perspective for identification of CTCs based on SERS technology.
A NiAl layered double hydroxide (LDH)@carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) hybrid electrode was fabricated via a facile and cost-effective approach and displays excellent pseudocapacitive behavior.
The designed TiO 2 -based SERS bioprobe can be effectively utilized in detecting 4 diverse types of cancer cells in rabbit blood, which shows good sensitivity of the SERS detection technology.
The encapsulation of therapeutic agents into nano-based drug delivery system for cancer treatment has received considerable attention in recent years. Advancements in nanotechnology provide an opportunity for efficient delivery of anticancer drugs. The unique properties of nanoparticles not only allow cancer-specific drug delivery by inherent passive targeting phenomena and adopting active targeting strategies, but also improve the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of the loaded drugs, leading to enhanced therapeutic efficacy and safety compared to conventional treatment modalities. Small molecule drugs are the most widely used anticancer agents at present, while biological macromolecules, such as therapeutic antibodies, peptides and genes, have gained increasing attention. Therefore, this review focuses on the recent achievements of novel nano-encapsulation in targeted drug delivery. A comprehensive introduction of intelligent delivery strategies based on various nanocarriers to encapsulate small molecule chemotherapeutic drugs and biological macromolecule drugs in cancer treatment will also be highlighted.
Abstract Non‐precious metal alloys are expected to replace noble‐metal Pt catalysts for electro‐catalysts hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) to solve both energy crisis and environmental problems. CuRu binary alloy has been designed theoretically, whose electronic properties were investigated to illustrate its electrical conductivity and stability. The d ‐band center was close to the Fermi level in electronic structure, indicating its potential catalytic activity. The CuRu alloy was prepared by a facile liquid phase reduction method, which owned its catalytic activity with a low over potential of 86.7 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm −2 in 0.1 M KOH solution, with a corresponding small Tafel slope of 40 mV ⋅ dec −1 . The adsorption site of H on CuRu (101) surface, adsorption capacity, HER mechanism and reaction kinetics were investigated by first‐principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) to reveal highly efficient and fast kinetic reaction of CuRu alloy.
Fe 3 O 4 –Au complex SERS bioprobe could effectively capture the TNBC and endow the tumor cells with remarkable SERS signals. Detection sensitivity and specificity of CTCs could be intelligently switched according to identification purposes.
Urban wetland parks are an important practice for urban wetland protection and utilization due to the vast ecosystem service value. As emerging contaminants, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are great attractions for environmental research and public concerns. Based on high-throughput qPCR and high-throughput amplicon sequencing techniques, we investigated the occurrence, abundance, and distribution profiles of antibiotic resistance genes in the aquatic environment of Xiamen urban wetland parks (five sites). The influencing factors and driving mechanisms of antibiotic resistance genes were deciphered on the basis of microbial community structure and water quality. Diverse and abundant ARGs were observed and coexisted in urban wet parks. A total of 217 ARGs were detected in the water body of urban wetland parks, with an abundance up to 6.48×10
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